1
|
Degjoni A, Campolo F, Stefanini L, Venneri MA. The NO/cGMP/PKG pathway in platelets: The therapeutic potential of PDE5 inhibitors in platelet disorders. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:2465-2474. [PMID: 35950928 PMCID: PMC9805178 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are the "guardians" of the blood circulatory system. At sites of vessel injury, they ensure hemostasis and promote immunity and vessel repair. However, their uncontrolled activation is one of the main drivers of thrombosis. To keep circulating platelets in a quiescent state, the endothelium releases platelet antagonists including nitric oxide (NO) that acts by stimulating the intracellular receptor guanylyl cyclase (GC). The latter produces the second messenger cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) that inhibits platelet activation by stimulating protein kinase G, which phosphorylates hundreds of intracellular targets. Intracellular cGMP pools are tightly regulated by a fine balance between GC and phosphodiesterases (PDEs) that are responsible for the hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is a cGMP-specific PDE, broadly expressed in most tissues in humans and rodents. In clinical practice, PDE5 inhibitors (PDE5i) are used as first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction, pulmonary artery hypertension, and lower urinary tract symptoms. However, several studies have shown that PDE5i may ameliorate the outcome of various other conditions, like heart failure and stroke. Interestingly, NO donors and cGMP analogs increase the capacity of anti-platelet drugs targeting the purinergic receptor type Y, subtype 12 (P2Y12) receptor to block platelet aggregation, and preclinical studies have shown that PDE5i inhibits platelet functions. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of PDE5i on platelet activation and aggregation focusing on the therapeutic potential of PDE5i in platelet disorders, and the outcomes of a combined therapy with PDE5i and NO donors to inhibit platelet activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anisa Degjoni
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Federica Campolo
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Lucia Stefanini
- Department of Translational and Precision MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Mary Anna Venneri
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Breitenbach T, Englert N, Osmanoglu Ö, Rukoyatkina N, Wangorsch G, Heinze K, Friebe A, Butt E, Feil R, Dittrich M, Gambaryan S, Dandekar T. A modular systems biological modelling framework studies cyclic nucleotide signaling in platelets. J Theor Biol 2022; 550:111222. [PMID: 35843440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP inhibit platelet activation. Different platelet signaling modules work together. We develop here a modelling framework to integrate different signaling modules and apply it to platelets. RESULTS We introduce a novel standardized bilinear coupling mechanism allowing sub model debugging and standardization of coupling with optimal data driven modelling by methods from optimization. Besides cAMP signaling our model considers specific cGMP effects including external stimuli by drugs. Moreover, the output of the cGMP module serves as input for a modular model of VASP phosphorylation and for the activity of cAMP and cGMP pathways in platelets. Experimental data driven modeling allows us to design models with quantitative output. We use the condensed information about involved regulation and system responses for modeling drug effects and obtaining optimal experimental settings. Stepwise further validation of our model is given by direct experimental data. CONCLUSIONS We present a general framework for model integration using modules and their stimulus responses. We demonstrate it by a multi-modular model for platelet signaling focusing on cGMP and VASP phosphorylation. Moreover, this allows to estimate drug action on any of the inhibitory cyclic nucleotide pathways (cGMP, cAMP) and is supported by experimental data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Breitenbach
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nils Englert
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Vegetative Physiology, University of Würzburg, Roentgenring 9, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Özge Osmanoglu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Rukoyatkina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Gaby Wangorsch
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Katrin Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum, Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, D15, 97080 Würzburg
| | - Andreas Friebe
- Department of Vegetative Physiology, University of Würzburg, Roentgenring 9, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elke Butt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 34, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Dittrich
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Human Genetics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Postfach 102209, 69012 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|