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Gull S, Tasneem F, Ahmed I, Aslam MA, Tayyeb A, Abid L, Arshad MI, Shahzad N. Ethanolic extract of Euphorbia royleana Boiss. reduces metastasis of breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor progression in vivo. Med Oncol 2024; 41:152. [PMID: 38743193 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis is the most devastating attribute of breast cancer (BC) that leads to high mortality. It is a complex process of tumor cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ERA on BC metastasis and BC progression in vivo. The transwell invasion/migration and wound healing assays showed that ERA treatment significantly reduced the invasion and migration of BC cell lines. The expression of mesenchymal (E-cadherin and N-cadherin), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP9), and stemness markers (Oct3) were down-regulated by ERA. Furthermore, ERA down-regulated angiogenic chemokines (CXCL1/2/3, CXCL5, and CXCL12) expression in the highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cell line. The clonogenic survival of BC cells was also reduced by ERA treatment. Strikingly, ERA prevented DMBA-induced tumor growth in Swiss albino mice as depicted by a high animal survival rate (84%) in the ERA group and histopathological analysis. Conclusively, this study revealed that ERA possesses anti-metastatic potential and also reduces the growth of BC in vivo. Moreover, the GC-MS data revealed the presence of biologically active compounds (Lupeol, Phytol, phytosterol) and some rare (9, 19-Cyclolanost) phyto metabolites in ERA extract. However, further studies are suggestive to identify and isolate the therapeutic agents from ERA to combat BC and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheereen Gull
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Fareeda Tasneem
- Department of Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (sub-campus Jhang), Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Asima Tayyeb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Luqman Abid
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Naveed Shahzad
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
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Naidu G, Tripathi DK, Nagar N, Mishra A, Poluri KM. Targeting chemokine-receptor mediated molecular signaling by ethnopharmacological approaches. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117837. [PMID: 38310985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Infection and inflammation are critical to global human health status and the goal of current pharmacological interventions intends formulating medications/preventives as a measure to deal with this situation. Chemokines and their cognate receptors are major regulatory molecules in many of these ailments. Natural products have been a keen source to the drug development industry, every year contributing significantly to the growing list of FDA approved drugs. A multiverse of natural resource is employed as a part of curative regimen in folk/traditional/ethnomedicine which can be employed to discover, repurpose, and design potent medications for the diseases of clinical concern. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to systematically document the ethnopharmacologically active agents targeting the infectious-inflammatory diseases through the chemokine-receptor nexus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Articles related to chemokine/receptor modulating ethnopharmacological anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious natural sources, bioactive compounds, and formulations have been examined with special emphasis on women related diseases. The available literature has been thoroughly scrutinized for the application of traditional medicines in chemokine associated experimental methods, their regulatory outcomes, and pertinence to women's health wherever applicable. Moreover, the potential traditional regimens under clinical trials have been critically assessed. RESULTS A systematic and comprehensive review on the chemokine-receptor targeting ethnopharmaceutics from the available literature has been provided. The article discusses the implication of traditional medicine in the chemokine system dynamics in diverse infectious-inflammatory disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, allergic diseases, inflammatory diseases, neuroinflammation, and cancer. On this note, critical evaluation of the available data surfaced multiple diseases prevalent in women such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, breast cancer, cervical cancer and urinary tract infection. Currently there is no available literature highlighting chemokine-receptor targeting using traditional medicinal approach from women's health perspective. Moreover, despite being potent in vitro and in vivo setups there remains a gap in clinical translation of these formulations, which needs to be strategically and scientifically addressed to pave the way for their successful industrial translation. CONCLUSIONS The review provides an optimistic global perspective towards the applicability of ethnopharmacology in chemokine-receptor regulated infectious and inflammatory diseases with special emphasis on ailments prevalent in women, consecutively addressing their current status of clinical translation and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutami Naidu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Deepak Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nupur Nagar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342011, Rajasthan, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Jo G, Chae JB, Jung SA, Lyu J, Chung H, Lee JH. Sulfated CXCR3 Peptide Trap Use as a Promising Therapeutic Approach for Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Biomedicines 2024; 12:241. [PMID: 38275412 PMCID: PMC10813770 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chemokines have various biological functions and potential roles in the development or progression of neuroinflammatory diseases. However, the specific pathogenic roles of chemokines in the major cause for vision loss among the elderly, the leading cause of blindness in older individuals, remain elusive. Chemokines interact with their receptors expressed in the endothelium and on leukocytes. The sulfation of tyrosine residues in chemokine receptors increases the strength of ligand-receptor interaction and modulates signaling. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to construct a human recombinant sulfated CXCR3 peptide trap (hCXCR3-S2) and mouse recombinant sulfated CXCR3 peptide trap (mCXCR3-S2) to demonstrate in vivo effects in preventing choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and chemotaxis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We generated expression vectors for mCXCR3-S2 and hCXCR3-S2 with GST domains and their respective cDNA sequences. Following overexpression in E. coli BL21 (DE3), we purified the fusion proteins from cell lysates using affinity chromatography. First, the impact of hCXCR3-S2 was validated in vitro. Subsequently, the in vivo efficacy of mCXCR3-S2 was investigated using a laser-induced CNV mouse model, a mouse model of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). RESULTS hCXCR3-S2 inhibited the migration and invasion of two human cancer cell lines. Intravitreal injection of mCXCR3-S2 attenuated CNV and macrophage recruitment in neovascular lesions of mouse models. These in vitro and in vivo effects were significantly stronger with CXCR3-S2 than with wild-type CXCR3 peptides. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that the sulfated form of the CXCR3 peptide trap is a valuable tool that could be supplemented with antivascular endothelial growth factors in AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gukheui Jo
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Kim’s Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 07301, Republic of Korea; (G.J.); (S.-A.J.)
| | - Jae-Byoung Chae
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sun-Ah Jung
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Kim’s Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 07301, Republic of Korea; (G.J.); (S.-A.J.)
| | - Jungmook Lyu
- Department of Medical Science, Konyang University, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyewon Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joon H. Lee
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Kim’s Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 07301, Republic of Korea; (G.J.); (S.-A.J.)
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Tatangelo V, Boncompagni G, Capitani N, Lopresti L, Manganaro N, Frezzato F, Visentin A, Trentin L, Baldari CT, Patrussi L. p66Shc Deficiency in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Promotes Chemokine Receptor Expression Through the ROS-Dependent Inhibition of NF-κB. Front Oncol 2022; 12:877495. [PMID: 35847884 PMCID: PMC9278989 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.877495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment of lymphoid organs is central to the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Within it, tumor cells find a favourable niche to escape immunosurveillance and acquire pro-survival signals. We have previously reported that a CLL-associated defect in the expression of the pro-apoptotic and pro-oxidant adaptor p66Shc leads to enhanced homing to and accumulation of leukemic cells in the lymphoid microenvironment. The p66Shc deficiency-related impairment in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in CLL cells is causally associated to the enhanced expression of the chemokine receptors CCR2, CXCR3 and CCR7, that promote leukemic cell homing to both lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs, suggesting the implication of a ROS-modulated transcription factor(s). Here we show that the activity of the ROS-responsive p65 subunit of the transcription factor NF-κB was hampered in the CLL-derived cell line MEC-1 expressing a NF-κB-luciferase reporter following treatment with H2O2. Similar results were obtained when intracellular ROS were generated by expression of p66Shc, but not of a ROS-defective mutant, in MEC-1 cells. NF-κB activation was associated with increased expression of the chemokine receptors CCR2, CXCR3 and CCR7. Reconstitution of p66Shc in CLL cells normalized intracellular ROS and hampered NF-κB activation, which led to a decrease in the expression of these homing receptors. Our data provide direct evidence that the p66Shc-deficiency-related ROS depletion in CLL cells concurs to NF-κB hyperactivation and homing receptor overexpression, providing a mechanistic basis for the enhanced ability of these cells to accumulate in the pro-survival lymphoid niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nagaja Capitani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Noemi Manganaro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Frezzato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Laura Patrussi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Dai H, Sheng X, Wang Y, Zhou L, Lin Y, Du Y, Yang F, Sha R, Peng J, Yao L, Yin W, Lu J. HIF1α Regulates IL17 Signaling Pathway Influencing Sensitivity of Taxane-Based Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:729965. [PMID: 34595177 PMCID: PMC8476907 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.729965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced chemotherapy resistance is the main hindrance for solid tumor treatment. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF1α), an adaptive gene of hypoxia condition, played an important role in affecting chemotherapy sensitivity for many cancer types and various therapeutic regimens. This study focused on the impact of HIF1α on predicting response and survival of taxane-based neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for breast cancer (BC) patients and the concrete mechanism that HIF1α mediated paclitaxel chemo-insensitivity. We evaluated HIF1α expression immunohistochemically from biopsies of 108 BC patients receiving paclitaxel–cisplatin NAT. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that high HIF1α expression led to lower rate of pathological complete response (pCR) and worse prognosis. Analysis of GEO datasets also indicated negative association between HIF1α expression and response of taxane-based NAT in BC patients. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment of differential expression genes (DEGs) in different HIF1α expression groups from TCGA database showed that HIF1α participated in interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling pathway. Correlation analysis suggested that HIF1α was positively related to the IL-17 pathway. CXC motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) was the only DEG in the IL-17 pathway inversely relating to NAT response. Experiments in vitro verified that HIF1α/IL-17 pathway influences paclitaxel sensitivity to BC cells. Correlation analysis between HIF1α/IL-17A/CXCL10 and infiltration of immune cells in BC uncovered that high expression of all the above three genes were positively correlated to neutrophil infiltration in BC. Collectively, our findings shed novel insight into the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance and implied that HIF1α inhibitor may be a promising drug combined with traditional chemotherapeutic drug to increase the chemotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaonan Sheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liheng Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueyao Du
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Sha
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linli Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjin Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Kochumon S, Al-Sayyar A, Jacob T, Hasan A, Al-Mulla F, Sindhu S, Ahmad R. TNF-α Increases IP-10 Expression in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells via Activation of the JNK/c-Jun Pathways. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091355. [PMID: 34572567 PMCID: PMC8464892 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IP-10 (also called CXCL10) plays a significant role in leukocyte homing to inflamed tissues, and increased IP-10 levels are associated with the pathologies of various inflammatory disorders, including type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer. TNF-α is a potent activator of immune cells and induces inflammatory cytokine expression in these cells. However, it is unclear whether TNF-α is able to induce IP-10 expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We therefore determined IP-10 expression in TNF-α-treated MCF-7 cells and investigated the mechanism involved. Our data show that TNF-α induced/upregulated the IP-10 expression at both mRNA and protein levels in MCF-7 cells. Inhibition of JNK (SP600125) significantly suppressed the TNF-α-induced IP-10 in MCF-7 cells, while the inhibition of p38 MAPK (SB203580), MEK1/2 (U0126), and ERK1/2 (PD98059) had no significant effect. Furthermore, TNF-α-induced IP-10 expression was abolished in MCF-7 cells deficient in JNK. Similar results were obtained using MCF-7 cells deficient in c-Jun. Moreover, the JNK kinase inhibitor markedly reduced the TNF-α-induced JNK and c-Jun phosphorylation. The kinase activity of JNK induced by TNF-α stimulation of MCF-7 cells was significantly inhibited by SP600125. Altogether, our novel findings provide the evidence that TNF-α induces IP-10 expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells via activation of the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihab Kochumon
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (A.A.-S.); (T.J.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Amnah Al-Sayyar
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (A.A.-S.); (T.J.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Texy Jacob
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (A.A.-S.); (T.J.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Amal Hasan
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (A.A.-S.); (T.J.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics & Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (A.A.-S.); (T.J.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
- Animal and Imaging Core Facility, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (A.A.-S.); (T.J.); (A.H.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Singh AJ, Gray JW. Chemokine signaling in cancer-stroma communications. J Cell Commun Signal 2021; 15:361-381. [PMID: 34086259 PMCID: PMC8222467 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-021-00621-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multi-faceted disease in which spontaneous mutation(s) in a cell leads to the growth and development of a malignant new organ that if left undisturbed will grow in size and lead to eventual death of the organism. During this process, multiple cell types are continuously releasing signaling molecules into the microenvironment, which results in a tangled web of communication that both attracts new cell types into and reshapes the tumor microenvironment as a whole. One prominent class of molecules, chemokines, bind to specific receptors and trigger directional, chemotactic movement in the receiving cell. Chemokines and their receptors have been demonstrated to be expressed by almost all cell types in the tumor microenvironment, including epithelial, immune, mesenchymal, endothelial, and other stromal cells. This results in chemokines playing multifaceted roles in facilitating context-dependent intercellular communications. Recent research has started to shed light on these ligands and receptors in a cancer-specific context, including cell-type specificity and drug targetability. In this review, we summarize the latest research with regards to chemokines in facilitating communication between different cell types in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun J Singh
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
| | - Joe W Gray
- OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
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Promising Anticancer Activities of Alismatis rhizome and Its Triterpenes via p38 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072455. [PMID: 34371964 PMCID: PMC8308894 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The flowering plant genus Alisma, which belongs to the family Alismataceae, comprises 11 species, including Alisma orientale, Alisma canaliculatum, and Alisma plantago-aquatica. Alismatis rhizome (Ze xie in Chinese, Takusha in Japanese, and Taeksa in Korean, AR), the tubers of medicinal plants from Alisma species, have long been used to treat inflammatory diseases, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, bacterial infection, edema, oliguria, diarrhea, and dizziness. Recent evidence has demonstrated that its extract showed pharmacological activities to effectively reverse cancer-related molecular targets. In particular, triterpenes naturally isolated from AR have been found to exhibit antitumor activity. This study aimed to describe the biological activities and plausible signaling cascades of AR and its main compounds in experimental models representing cancer-related physiology and pathology. Available in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that AR extract possesses anticancer activity against various cancer cells, and the efficacy might be attributed to the cytotoxic and antimetastatic effects of its alisol compounds, such as alisol A, alisol B, and alisol B 23-acetate. Several beneficial functions of triterpenoids found in AR might be due to p38 activation and inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways. Moreover, AR and its triterpenes inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells that are resistant to chemotherapy. Thus, AR and its triterpenes may play potential roles in tumor attack, as well as a therapeutic remedy alone and in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Wang Z, Ao X, Shen Z, Ao L, Wu X, Pu C, Guo W, Xing W, He M, Yuan H, Yu J, Li L, Xu X. TNF-α augments CXCL10/CXCR3 axis activity to induce Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in colon cancer cell. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2683-2702. [PMID: 34345201 PMCID: PMC8326125 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation-induced metastases have long been regarded as one of the significant obstacles in treating cancer. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a main inflammation mediator within tumor microenvironment, affects tumor development by inducing multiple chemokines to establish a complex network. Recent reports have revealed that CXCL10/CXCR3 axis affects cancer cells invasiveness and metastases, and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the main reason for frequent proliferation and distant organ metastases of colon cancer (CC) cells, However, it is unclear whether TNF-α- mediated chronic inflammation can synergically enhance EMT-mediated CC metastasis through promoting chemokine expression. According to this study, TNF-α activated the PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK parallel signal transduction pathways, then stimulate downstream NF-κB pathway p65 into the nucleus to activate CXCL10 transcription. CXCL10 enhanced the metastases of CC-cells by triggering small GTPases such as RhoA and cdc42. Furthermore, overexpression of CXCL10 significantly enhanced tumorigenicity and mobility of CC cells in vivo. We further clarified that CXCL10 activated the PI3K/Akt pathway through CXCR3, resulting in suppression of GSK-3β phosphorylation and leading to upregulation of Snail expression, thereby regulating EMT in CC cells. These outcomes lay the foundation for finding new targets to inhibit CC metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengcheng Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zhilin Shen
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Luoquan Ao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Chengxiu Pu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Hongfeng Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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Recent Advances in Anti-Metastatic Approaches of Herbal Medicines in 5 Major Cancers: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040527. [PMID: 33801741 PMCID: PMC8065873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related death. Despite its high fatality, a comprehensive study that covers anti-metastasis of herbal medicines has not yet been conducted. The aim of this study is to investigate and assess the anti-metastatic efficacies of herbal medicines in the five major cancers, including lung, colorectal, gastric, liver, and breast cancers. We collected articles published within five years using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science with "cancer metastasis" and "herbal medicine" as keywords. Correspondingly, 16 lung cancer, 23 colorectal cancer, 10 gastric cancer, 10 liver cancer, and 18 breast cancer studies were systematically reviewed. The herbal medicines attenuated metastatic potential targeting various mechanisms such as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and angiogenesis. Specifically, the drugs regulated metastasis related factors such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), serine-threonine protein kinase/extracellular regulated protein kinase (AKT/ERK), angiogenic factors, and chemokines. Overall, the present study is the first review, comprehensively investigating the anti-metastasis effect of herbal medicines on five major cancers, providing the experimental models, doses and durations, and mechanisms. Herbal medicines could be a potent candidate for anti-metastatic drugs.
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Kwon MJ, Kim JN, Park J, Kim YT, Lee MJ, Kim BJ. Alisma canaliculatum Extract Affects AGS Gastric Cancer Cells by Inducing Apoptosis. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2155-2161. [PMID: 33859522 PMCID: PMC8040414 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.55212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-cancer effects of Alisma canaliculatum extracts (ACE) were identified in AGS gastric cancer cells. Our results showed that ACE inhibited the growth of AGS cells, increased the proportion of sub-G1 phase cells, and depolarized the membrane potential of mitochondria. ACE-induced gastric cancer cell death was associated with Bcl-2, survivin and Bax level changes, and it activated caspase-3 and -9. In addition, it was involved in the activation of MAPKs and increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results suggest that ACE induces apoptosis in AGS gastric cancer cells, and therefore, ACE may have the potential to treat gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Kwon
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Nam Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Park
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Tai Kim
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jae Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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12
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Wang Y, Ren S, Wang Z, Wang Z, Zhu N, Cai D, Ye Z, Ruan J. Chemokines in bone-metastatic breast cancer: Therapeutic opportunities. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106815. [PMID: 32711376 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to non-response to chemotherapy, incomplete surgical resection, and resistance to checkpoint inhibitors, breast cancer with bone metastasis is notoriously difficult to cure. Therefore, the development of novel, efficient strategies to tackle bone metastasis of breast cancer is urgently needed. Chemokines, which induce directed migration of immune cells and act as guide molecules between diverse cells and tissues, are small proteins indispensable in immunity. These complex chemokine networks play pro-tumor roles or anti-tumor roles when produced by breast cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, chemokines have diverse roles when secreted by various immune cells in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer, which can be roughly divided into immunosuppressive effects and immunostimulatory effects. Recently, targeting chemokine networks has been shown to have potential for use in treatment of metastatic malignancies, including bone-metastatic breast cancer. In this review, we focus on the role of chemokines networks in the biology of breast cancer and metastasis to the bone. We also discuss the therapeutic opportunities and future prospects of targeting chemokine networks, in combination with other current standard therapies, for the treatment of bone-metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shihong Ren
- First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | | | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Wang D, Yu W, Lian J, Wu Q, Liu S, Yang L, Li F, Huang L, Chen X, Zhang Z, Li A, Liu J, Sun Z, Wang J, Yuan W, Zhang Y. Th17 cells inhibit CD8 + T cell migration by systematically downregulating CXCR3 expression via IL-17A/STAT3 in advanced-stage colorectal cancer patients. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:68. [PMID: 32503584 PMCID: PMC7275425 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00897-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD8+ T cell trafficking to the tumor site is essential for effective colorectal cancer (CRC) immunotherapy. However, the mechanism underlying CD8+ T cell infiltration in colorectal tumor tissues is not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated CD8+ T cell infiltration in CRC tissues and the role of chemokine–chemokine receptor signaling in regulation of T cell recruitment. Methods We screened chemokines and cytokines in healthy donor and CRC tissues from early- and advanced-stage patients using multiplex assays and PCR screening. We also utilized transcription factor activation profiling arrays and established a xenograft mouse model. Results Compared with tumor tissues of early-stage CRC patients, CD8+ T cell density was lower in advanced-stage tumor tissues. PCR screening showed that CXCL10 levels were significantly increased in advanced-stage tumor tissues. CXCR3 (the receptor of CXCL10) expression on CD8+ T cells was lower in the peripheral blood of advanced-stage patients. The migratory ability of CD8+ T cells to CXCL10 depended on CXCR3 expression. Multiplex arrays showed that IL-17A was increased in advanced-stage patient sera, which markedly downregulated CXCR3 expression via activating STAT3 signaling and reduced CD8+ T cell migration. Similar results were found after CD8+ T cells were treated with Th17 cell supernatant. Adding anti-IL-17A or the STAT3 inhibitor, Stattic, rescued these effects in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, survival analysis showed that patients with low CD8 and CXCR3 expression and high IL-17A levels had significantly worse prognosis. Conclusions CD8+ T cell infiltration in advanced-stage tumor was systematically inhibited by Th17 cells via IL-17A/STAT3/CXCR3 axis. Our findings indicate that the T cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment may be improved by inhibiting STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weina Yu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyao Lian
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Huang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng Chen
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Aitian Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junxia Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weitang Yuan
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China. .,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China. .,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China. .,Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Licochalcone A Inhibits Cellular Motility by Suppressing E-cadherin and MAPK Signaling in Breast Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030218. [PMID: 30841634 PMCID: PMC6468539 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A compound isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, licochalcone A (LA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties in various cell lines. LA has been found to promote autophagy and suppress specificity protein 1, inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells. However, the regulation of breast cancer cell invasion and migration by LA is elusive. Thus, the present study investigated whether LA induces apoptosis and cellular motility in MDA-MB-231 breast cells, and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms. MDA-MB-231 cells treated with LA and cell viability measured by cell counting kit-8 assay. Apoptotic signal proteins checked by flow cytometry, fluorescent staining, and Western blot. LA effectively suppressed cell migration, and modulated E-cadherin and vimentin expression by blocking MAPK and AKT signaling. LA inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle, modulated mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA damage, and reduced oxidative stress in MDA-MB-231 cells. LA also activated cleaved-caspase 3 and 9, significantly decreased Bcl-2 expression, ultimately causing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm. Overall, our findings suggest that LA decreases cell proliferation and increases reactive oxygen species production for induced apoptosis, and regulates E-cadherin and vimentin by reducing MAPK and AKT signaling, resulting in suppressed MDA-MB-231 cell migration and invasion.
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15
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Xia J, Luo Q, Huang S, Jiang F, Wang L, Wang G, Xie J, Liu J, Xu Y. Alisol B 23-acetate-induced HepG2 hepatoma cell death through mTOR signaling-initiated G 1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis: A quantitative proteomic study. Chin J Cancer Res 2019; 31:375-388. [PMID: 31156308 PMCID: PMC6513739 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.02.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to investigate the molecular events in alisol B 23-acetate (ABA) cytotoxic activity against a liver cancer cell line. Methods First, we employed a quantitative proteomics approach based on stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) to identify the different proteins expressed in HepG2 liver cancer cells upon exposure to ABA. Next, bioinformatics analyses through DAVID and STRING on-line tools were used to predict the pathways involved. Finally, we applied functional validation including cell cycle analysis and Western blotting for apoptosis and mTOR pathway-related proteins to confirm the bioinformatics predictions. Results We identified 330 different proteins with the SILAC-based quantitative proteomics approach. The bioinformatics analysis and the functional validation revealed that the mTOR pathway, ribosome biogenesis, cell cycle, and apoptosis pathways were differentially regulated by ABA. G1 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and mTOR inhibition were confirmed. Conclusions ABA, a potential mTOR inhibitor, induces the disruption of ribosomal biogenesis. It also affects the mTOR-MRP axis to cause G1 cell cycle arrest and finally leads to cancer cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Shengbin Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Fuquan Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361101, China
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