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Erturk E, Onur OE, Aydin I, Akgun O, Coskun D, Ari F. Targeting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway with combination of Wnt inhibitor and chalcone complexes in lung cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1203-1219. [PMID: 37450704 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of the lung cancer. Despite development in treatment options in NSCLC, the overall survival ratios is still poor due to epithelial and mesenchymal transition (EMT) feature and associated metastasis event. Thereby there is a need to develop strategy to increase antitumor response against the NSCLC cells by targeting EMT pathway with combination drugs. Niclosamide and chalcone complexes are both affect cancer cell signaling pathways and therefore inhibit the EMT pathway. In this study, it was aimed to increase antitumor response and suppress EMT pathway in NSCLC cells by combining niclosamide and chalcone complexes. SRB cell viability assay was performed to investigate the anticancer activity of drugs. The drugs were tested on both NSCLC cells (A549 and H1299) and normal lung bronchial cells (BEAS-2B). Then the two drugs were combined and their effects on cancer cells were evaluated. Fluorescence imaging and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed on treated cells to observe the cell death manner. Wound healing assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis were performed to measure EMT pathway activity. Our results showed that niclosamide and chalcone complexes combination kill cancer cells more than normal lung bronchial cells. Compared to single drug administration, the combination of both drugs killed NSCLC cells more effectively by increasing apoptotic activity. In addition, the combination of niclosamide and chalcone complexes decreased multidrug resistance and EMT activity by lowering their gene expressions and protein levels. These results showed that niclosamide and chalcone complexes combination could be a new drug combination for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Erturk
- Vocational School of Health Services, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Omer E Onur
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ipek Aydin
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Akgun
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Demet Coskun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ari
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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2
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Manfioletti G, Fedele M. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11386. [PMID: 37511145 PMCID: PMC10379270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process involved in many physiological and pathological conditions [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Fedele
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), 80145 Naples, Italy
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3
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Liu S, Li L, Ren D. Anti-Cancer Potential of Phytochemicals: The Regulation of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Molecules 2023; 28:5069. [PMID: 37446730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A biological process called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) allows epithelial cells to change into mesenchymal cells and acquire some cancer stem cell properties. EMT contributes significantly to the metastasis, invasion, and development of treatment resistance in cancer cells. Current research has demonstrated that phytochemicals are emerging as a potential source of safe and efficient anti-cancer medications. Phytochemicals could disrupt signaling pathways related to malignant cell metastasis and drug resistance by suppressing or reversing the EMT process. In this review, we briefly describe the pathophysiological properties and the molecular mechanisms of EMT in the progression of cancers, then summarize phytochemicals with diverse structures that could block the EMT process in different types of cancer. Hopefully, these will provide some guidance for future research on phytochemicals targeting EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Dongmei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China
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4
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Regulation of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Osteosarcoma. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020398. [PMID: 36830767 PMCID: PMC9953423 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process that has been linked to the promotion of aggressive cellular features in many cancer types. It is characterized by the loss of the epithelial cell phenotype and a shift to a more mesenchymal phenotype and is accompanied by an associated change in cell markers. EMT is highly complex and regulated via multiple signaling pathways. While the importance of EMT is classically described for carcinomas-cancers of epithelial origin-it has also been clearly demonstrated in non-epithelial cancers, including osteosarcoma (OS), a primary bone cancer predominantly affecting children and young adults. Recent studies examining EMT in OS have highlighted regulatory roles for multiple proteins, non-coding nucleic acids, and components of the tumor micro-environment. This review serves to summarize these experimental findings, identify key families of regulatory molecules, and identify potential therapeutic targets specific to the EMT process in OS.
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Targets Involved in the Anti-Cancer Activity of Quercetin in Breast, Colorectal and Liver Neoplasms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032952. [PMID: 36769274 PMCID: PMC9918234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals have long been effective partners in the fight against several diseases, including cancer. Among these, flavonoids are valuable allies for both cancer prevention and therapy since they are known to influence a large panel of tumor-related processes. Particularly, it was revealed that quercetin, one of the most common flavonoids, controls apoptosis and inhibits migration and proliferation, events essential for the development of cancer. In this review, we collected the evidence on the anti-cancer activity of quercetin exploring the network of interactions between this flavonol and the proteins responsible for cancer onset and progression focusing on breast, colorectal and liver cancers, owing to their high worldwide incidence. Moreover, quercetin proved to be also a potentiating agent able to push further the anti-cancer activity of common employed anti-neoplastic agents, thus allowing to lower their dosages and, above all, to sensitize again resistant cancer cells. Finally, novel approaches to delivery systems can enhance quercetin's pharmacokinetics, thus boosting its great potentiality even further. Overall, quercetin has a lot of promise, given its multi-target potentiality; thus, more research is strongly encouraged to properly define its pharmaco-toxicological profile and evaluate its potential for usage in adjuvant and chemoprevention therapy.
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6
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Anti-Invasive and Anti-Migratory Effects of Ononin on Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Limiting the MMP2/9 and EGFR-Erk1/2 Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030758. [PMID: 36765716 PMCID: PMC9913877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common malignancy of the bone. Due to its high metastatic properties, osteosarcoma becomes the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Ononin is an isoflavone glycoside known to have various pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of ononin on osteosarcoma cell migration, invasion, and the underlying mechanisms. The in vitro anti-tumorigenic and anti-migratory properties of ononin were determined by MTT, colony formation, invasion, and migration in MG-63 and U2OS osteosarcoma cell lines. The results were compared with the standard chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin (DOX), as a positive control. The dose-dependent manners of ononin treatment increased the expression of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation through the EGFR-Erk1/2 signaling pathways. Additionally, ononin significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of human osteosarcoma cells. For consistency, we used the MG-63-xenograft mice model to confirm the in vivo anti-tumorigenic and anti-migratory efficacy of ononin by inhibiting the protein expressions of EGFR-Erk1/2 and MMP2/9. According to the histological study, ononin had no adverse effect on the liver and kidney. Overall, our findings suggested that ononin could be a potentially effective agent against the development and metastasis of osteosarcoma.
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7
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Comparative analysis of an anthraquinone and chalcone derivatives-based virtual combinatorial library. A cheminformatics "proof-of-concept" study. J Mol Graph Model 2022; 117:108307. [PMID: 36096064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A Laplacian scoring algorithm for gene selection and the Gini coefficient to identify the genes whose expression varied least across a large set of samples were the state-of-the-art methods used here. These methods have not been trialed for their feasibility in cheminformatics. This was a maiden attempt to investigate a complete comparative analysis of an anthraquinone and chalcone derivatives-based virtual combinatorial library. This computational "proof-of-concept" study illustrated the combinatorial approach used to explain how the structure of the selected natural products (NPs) undergoes molecular diversity analysis. A virtual combinatorial library (1.6 M) based on 20 anthraquinones and 24 chalcones was enumerated. The resulting compounds were optimized to the near drug-likeness properties, and the physicochemical descriptors were calculated for all datasets including FDA, Non-FDA, and NPs from ZINC 15. UMAP and PCA were applied to compare and represent the chemical space coverage of each dataset. Subsequently, the Laplacian score and Gini coefficient were applied to delineate feature selection and selectivity among properties, respectively. Finally, we demonstrated the diversity between the datasets by employing Murcko's and the central scaffolds systems, calculating three fingerprint descriptors and analyzing their diversity by PCA and SOM. The optimized enumeration resulted in 1,610,268 compounds with NP-Likeness, and synthetic feasibility mean scores close to FDA, Non-FDA, and NPs datasets. The overlap between the chemical space of the 1.6 M database was more prominent than with the NPs dataset. A Laplacian score prioritized NP-likeness and hydrogen bond acceptor properties (1.0 and 0.923), respectively, while the Gini coefficient showed that all properties have selective effects on datasets (0.81-0.93). Scaffold and fingerprint diversity indicated that the descending order for the tested datasets was FDA, Non-FDA, NPs and 1.6 M. Virtual combinatorial libraries based on NPs can be considered as a source of the combinatorial compound with NP-likeness properties. Furthermore, measuring molecular diversity is supposed to be performed by different methods to allow for comparison and better judgment.
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8
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Molecular Pathways Involved in the Anti-Cancer Activity of Flavonols: A Focus on Myricetin and Kaempferol. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084411. [PMID: 35457229 PMCID: PMC9026553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds have always represented valuable allies in the battle against several illnesses, particularly cancer. In this field, flavonoids are known to modulate a wide panel of mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis, thus rendering them worthy candidates for both cancer prevention and treatment. In particular, it was reported that flavonoids regulate apoptosis, as well as hamper migration and proliferation, crucial events for the progression of cancer. In this review, we collect recent evidence concerning the anti-cancer properties of the flavonols myricetin and kaempferol, discussing their mechanisms of action to give a thorough overview of their noteworthy capabilities, which are comparable to those of their most famous analogue, namely quercetin. On the whole, these flavonols possess great potential, and hence further study is highly advised to allow a proper definition of their pharmaco-toxicological profile and assess their potential use in protocols of chemoprevention and adjuvant therapies.
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Programmed Cell Death Alterations Mediated by Synthetic Indole Chalcone Resulted in Cell Cycle Arrest, DNA Damage, Apoptosis and Signaling Pathway Modulations in Breast Cancer Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030503. [PMID: 35335879 PMCID: PMC8953149 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although new chemotherapy significantly increased the survival of breast cancer (BC) patients, the use of these drugs is often associated with serious toxicity. The discovery of novel anticancer agents for BC therapy is expected. This study was conducted to explore the antiproliferative effect of newly synthesized indole chalcone derivative ZK-CH-11d on human BC cell lines. MTT screening, flow cytometry, Western blot, and fluorescence microscopy were used to evaluate the mode of cell death. ZK-CH-11d significantly suppressed the proliferation of BC cells with minimal effect against non-cancer cells. This effect was associated with cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis induction. Apoptosis was associated with cytochrome c release, increased activity of caspase 3 and caspase 7, PARP cleavage, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and activation of the DNA damage response system. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that ZK-CH-11d increased the AMPK phosphorylation with simultaneous inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway indicating autophagy initiation. However, chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, significantly potentiated the cytotoxic effect of ZK-CH-11d in MDA-MB-231 cells indicating that autophagy is not principally involved in the antiproliferative effect of ZK-CH-11d. Taking together the results from our experiments, we assume that autophagy was activated as a defense mechanism in treated cells trying to escape from chalcone-induced harmful effects.
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Montano L, Maugeri A, Volpe MG, Micali S, Mirone V, Mantovani A, Navarra M, Piscopo M. Mediterranean Diet as a Shield against Male Infertility and Cancer Risk Induced by Environmental Pollutants: A Focus on Flavonoids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031568. [PMID: 35163492 PMCID: PMC8836239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of environmental factors in influencing health status is well documented. Heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, pesticides, ultrafine particles, produced by human activities put a strain on the body’s entire defense system. Therefore, together with public health measures, evidence-based individual resilience measures are necessary to mitigate cancer risk under environmental stress and to prevent reproductive dysfunction and non-communicable diseases; this is especially relevant for workers occupationally exposed to pollutants and/or populations residing in highly polluted areas. The Mediterranean diet is characterized by a high intake of fruits and vegetables rich in flavonoids, that can promote the elimination of pollutants in tissues and fluids and/or mitigate their effects through different mechanisms. In this review, we collected evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies showing that the impairment of male fertility and gonadal development, as well as cancers of reproductive system, due to the exposure of organic and inorganic pollutants, may be counteracted by flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology, Local Health Authority (ASL), 84124 Salerno, Italy;
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Volpe
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, CNR, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Micali
- Urology Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Food, Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary public health, Italian National Health Institute, 00161 Roma, Italy;
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
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Rabelo ACS, Borghesi J, Noratto GD. The role of dietary polyphenols in osteosarcoma: A possible clue about the molecular mechanisms involved in a process that is just in its infancy. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14026. [PMID: 34873724 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor mainly affecting children, teenagers and young adults, being associated with early metastasis and poor prognosis. The beneficial effects of polyphenols have been investigated in different areas, including their potential to fight OS. Polyphenols are believed to reduce morbidity and/or slow down the development of cancer. This review aimed to assess the effect of polyphenols in OS and investigate their molecular mechanisms. It was observed that the broad spectrum of health-promoting properties of plant polyphenols in OS occurs mainly due to modulation of reactive oxygen species, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-angiogenesis, apoptosis inducer, inhibition of invasion and metastasis. However, it is worth mentioning that although the promising effects of polyphenols in the fight against OS, most of the studies have been performed using in vitro and in vivo animal models. Therefore, studies in humans are needed to validate the effectiveness of polyphenols in OS treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Polyphenols are widely used for various diseases, however, until now, their real role in the treatment of osteosarcoma remains unknown. This review provides a broad spectrum of research conducted with polyphenols and their potential as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, prior to their clinical application for osteosarcoma treatment, there is a need to isolate and identify specific polyphenolic compounds with high antitumor activity, increase their oral bioavailability, and to investigate their interactions with chemotherapeutic drugs being used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Borghesi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuliana D Noratto
- Departament of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Anselmo DB, Polaquini CR, Marques BC, Ayusso GM, Assis LR, Torrezan GS, Rahal P, Fachin AL, Calmon MF, Marins MA, Regasini LO. Curcumin-cinnamaldehyde hybrids as antiproliferative agents against women’s cancer cells. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02783-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Development, Characterization and Cell Viability Inhibition of PVA Spheres Loaded with Doxorubicin and 4'-Amino-1-Naphthyl-Chalcone (D14) for Osteosarcoma. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162611. [PMID: 34451151 PMCID: PMC8401585 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones (1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones) are naturally occurring polyphenols with known anticancer activity against a variety of tumor cell lines, including osteosarcoma (OS). In this paper, we present the preparation and characterization of spheres (~2 mm) from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) containing a combination of 4′-Amino-1-Naphthyl-Chalcone (D14) and doxorubicin, to act as a new polymeric dual-drug anticancer delivery. D14 is a potent inhibitor of osteosarcoma progression and, when combined with doxorubicin, presents a synergetic effect; hence, physically crosslinked PVA spheres loaded with D14 and doxorubicin were prepared using liquid nitrogen and six freeze–thawing cycles. Physical-chemical characterization using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) presented that the drugs were incorporated into the spheres via weak interactions between the drugs and the polymeric chains, resulting in overall good drug stability. The cytotoxicity activity of the PVA spheres co-encapsulating both drugs was tested against the U2OS human osteosarcoma cell line by 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and compared to the spheres carrying either D14 or doxorubicin alone. The co-delivery showed a cytotoxic effect 2.6-fold greater than doxorubicin alone, revealing a significant synergistic effect with a coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) of 0.49. The obtained results suggest this developed PVA sphere as a potential dual-drug delivery system that could be used for the prominent synergistic anticancer activity of co-delivering D14 and doxorubicin, providing a new potential strategy for improved osteosarcoma treatment.
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Moreira J, Almeida J, Saraiva L, Cidade H, Pinto M. Chalcones as Promising Antitumor Agents by Targeting the p53 Pathway: An Overview and New Insights in Drug-Likeness. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123737. [PMID: 34205272 PMCID: PMC8233907 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 protein is one of the most important tumor suppressors that are frequently inactivated in cancer cells. This inactivation occurs either because the TP53 gene is mutated or deleted, or due to the p53 protein inhibition by endogenous negative regulators, particularly murine double minute (MDM)2. Therefore, the reestablishment of p53 activity has received great attention concerning the discovery of new cancer therapeutics. Chalcones are naturally occurring compounds widely described as potential antitumor agents through several mechanisms, including those involving the p53 pathway. The inhibitory effect of these compounds in the interaction between p53 and MDM2 has also been recognized, with this effect associated with binding to a subsite of the p53 binding cleft of MDM2. In this work, a literature review of natural and synthetic chalcones and their analogues potentially interfering with p53 pathway is presented. Moreover, in silico studies of drug-likeness of chalcones recognized as p53-MDM2 interaction inhibitors were accomplished considering molecular descriptors, biophysiochemical properties, and pharmacokinetic parameters in comparison with those from p53-MDM2 in clinical trials. With this review, we expect to guide the design of new and more effective chalcones targeting the p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Moreira
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Almeida
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Lucília Saraiva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (H.C.); (M.P.); Tel.: +351-22-042-8584 (L.S.); +351-22-042-8688 (H.C.); +351-22-042-8692 (M.P.)
| | - Honorina Cidade
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (H.C.); (M.P.); Tel.: +351-22-042-8584 (L.S.); +351-22-042-8688 (H.C.); +351-22-042-8692 (M.P.)
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (H.C.); (M.P.); Tel.: +351-22-042-8584 (L.S.); +351-22-042-8688 (H.C.); +351-22-042-8692 (M.P.)
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Chalcone Derivatives: Role in Anticancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060894. [PMID: 34208562 PMCID: PMC8234180 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones (1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones) are precursors for flavonoids and isoflavonoids, which are common simple chemical scaffolds found in many naturally occurring compounds. Many chalcone derivatives were also prepared due to their convenient synthesis. Chalcones as weandhetic analogues have attracted much interest due to their broad biological activities with clinical potentials against various diseases, particularly for antitumor activity. The chalcone family has demonstrated potential in vitro and in vivo activity against cancers via multiple mechanisms, including cell cycle disruption, autophagy regulation, apoptosis induction, and immunomodulatory and inflammatory mediators. It represents a promising strategy to develop chalcones as novel anticancer agents. In addition, the combination of chalcones and other therapies is expected to be an effective way to improve anticancer therapeutic efficacy. However, despite the encouraging results for their response to cancers observed in clinical studies, a full description of toxicity is required for their clinical use as safe drugs for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances of the chalcone family as potential anticancer agents and the mechanisms of action. Besides, future applications and scope of the chalcone family toward the treatment and prevention of cancer are brought out.
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The Newly Synthetized Chalcone L1 Is Involved in the Cell Growth Inhibition, Induction of Apoptosis and Suppression of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of HeLa Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051356. [PMID: 33802621 PMCID: PMC7961543 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, natural products have emerged as promising agents with multiple biological activities. Many studies suggest the antioxidant, antiangiogenic, antiproliferative and anticancer effects of chalcones and their derivatives. Based on these findings, we decided to evaluate the effects of the newly synthetized chalcone L1 in a human cervical carcinoma cell (HeLa) model. Presented results were obtained by western blot and flow cytometric analyses, live cell imaging and antimigratory potential of L1 in HeLa cells was demonstrated by scratch assay. In the present study, we proved the role of L1 as an effective agent with antiproliferative activity supported by G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, we proved that L1 is involved in modulating Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β) signal transduction through Smad proteins and it also modulates other signalling pathways including Akt, JNK, p38 MAPK, and Erk1/2. The involvement of L1 in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition was demonstrated by the regulation of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and MMP-9 levels. Here, we also evaluated the effect of conditioned medium from BJ-5ta human foreskin fibroblasts in HeLa cell cultures with subsequent L1 treatment. Taken together, these data suggest the potential role of newly synthesized chalcone L1 as an anticancer-tumour microenvironment modulating agent.
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Irfan R, Mousavi S, Alazmi M, Saleem RSZ. A Comprehensive Review of Aminochalcones. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225381. [PMID: 33213087 PMCID: PMC7698532 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones, members of the flavonoid family, display a plethora of interesting biological activities including but not limited to antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiprotozoal activities. The literature cites the synthesis and activity of a range of natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic chalcones. The current review comprehensively covers the literature on amino-substituted chalcones and includes chalcones with amino-groups at various positions on the aromatic rings as well as those with amino-groups containing mono alkylation, dialkylation, alkenylation, acylation, and sulfonylation. The aminochalcones are categorized according to their structure, and the corresponding biological activities are discussed as well. Some compounds showed high potency against cancer cells, microbes, and malaria, whereas others did not. The purpose of this review is to serve as a one-stop location for information on the aminochalcones reported in the literature in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimsha Irfan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Sciences and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, DHA, Lahore 54792, Pakistan; (R.I.); (S.M.)
| | - Shikufa Mousavi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Sciences and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, DHA, Lahore 54792, Pakistan; (R.I.); (S.M.)
| | - Meshari Alazmi
- Department of Information and Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Sciences and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, DHA, Lahore 54792, Pakistan; (R.I.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-42-35608215
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Li Y, Li Q, Li D, Gu J, Qian D, Qin X, Chen Y. Exosome carrying PSGR promotes stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of low aggressive prostate cancer cells. Life Sci 2020; 264:118638. [PMID: 33164833 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Prostate-specific G-protein coupled receptor (PSGR) in prostate cancer (Pca) are associated with poor overall survival. However, the effect of exosomal PSGR on PCa metastasis remains unknown. MAIN METHODS The effect of exosome derived from PSGR-overexpressed PC3 cells (PC3 PSGR+ exosomes) on migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness of low invasive cells (LNCaP and RWPE-1) was assessed. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs in low invasive cells incubated by PC3 PSGR+ exosomes or negative control (NC) exosomes. KEY FINDINGS The PSGR was stably overexpressed in PC3 cells. The PC3 PSGR+ exosomes were internalized in LNCaP and RWPE-1cells, and significantly promoted cells migration and invasion. The expression of E-cadherin was decreased, and Vimentin, Snail, SOX2 and OCT4a was increased in low invasive cells after PC3 PSGR+ exosome incubation. Additionally, a total of 993 and 1170 DE mRNAs were respectively identified in LNCaP and RWPE-1 cells after PC3 PSGR+ exosome incubation, and 5 upregulated mRNAs and 11 down regulated mRNAs were shared. The DE mRNAs were predominantly implicated in "activation of Rho GTPase activity" and "response to zinc ion" in LNCaP cells, and "extracellular matrix organization" and "patterning of blood vessels" in RWPE-1 cells. The KEGG analysis showed the DE mRNAs were enriched in pathways associated with EMT such as "Adherens junction", "Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)" and "Focal adhesion". SIGNIFICANCE Exosomal PSGR promoted migration, invasion, stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, and reshaped the mRNAs profiling of LNCaP and RWPE-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20081, China; Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20081, China
| | - Dujian Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20081, China
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20081, China
| | - Duocheng Qian
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20081, China
| | - Xiaojing Qin
- Department of anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 20040, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110000, China.
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Molina ER, Chim LK, Barrios S, Ludwig JA, Mikos AG. Modeling the Tumor Microenvironment and Pathogenic Signaling in Bone Sarcoma. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2020; 26:249-271. [PMID: 32057288 PMCID: PMC7310212 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Investigations of cancer biology and screening of potential therapeutics for efficacy and safety begin in the preclinical laboratory setting. A staple of most basic research in cancer involves the use of tissue culture plates, on which immortalized cell lines are grown in monolayers. However, this practice has been in use for over six decades and does not account for vital elements of the tumor microenvironment that are thought to aid in initiation, propagation, and ultimately, metastasis of cancer. Furthermore, information gleaned from these techniques does not always translate to animal models or, more crucially, clinical trials in cancer patients. Osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (ES) are the most common primary tumors of bone, but outcomes for patients with metastatic or recurrent disease have stagnated in recent decades. The unique elements of the bone tumor microenvironment have been shown to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of these tumors and thus should be incorporated in the preclinical models of these diseases. In recent years, the field of tissue engineering has leveraged techniques used in designing scaffolds for regenerative medicine to engineer preclinical tumor models that incorporate spatiotemporal control of physical and biological elements. We herein review the clinical aspects of OS and ES, critical elements present in the sarcoma microenvironment, and engineering approaches to model the bone tumor microenvironment. Impact statement The current paradigm of cancer biology investigation and therapeutic testing relies heavily on monolayer, monoculture methods developed over half a century ago. However, these methods often lack essential hallmarks of the cancer microenvironment that contribute to tumor pathogenesis. Tissue engineers incorporate scaffolds, mechanical forces, cells, and bioactive signals into biological environments to drive cell phenotype. Investigators of bone sarcomas, aggressive tumors that often rob patients of decades of life, have begun to use tissue engineering techniques to devise in vitro models for these diseases. Their efforts highlight how critical elements of the cancer microenvironment directly affect tumor signaling and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R. Molina
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Letitia K. Chim
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Sergio Barrios
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph A. Ludwig
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas
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Chen Y, Zhang T, Liu X, Li Z, Zhou D, Xu W. Melatonin suppresses epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition in the MG‑63 cell line. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:1356-1364. [PMID: 31894324 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a major process involved in tumor progression and metastasis. Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland and has been documented as a potential therapeutic agent for multiple tumors. However, the effects of melatonin on EMT during osteosarcoma (OA) development remain undefined. The present study explored the biological functions and effects of melatonin on EMT induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‑β1) and its underlying mechanisms in MG‑63 cells. Using western‑blotting and immunofluorescence, it was found that the switch in E‑cadherin/N‑cadherin and vimentin expression was induced by TGF‑β1, which was reversed by melatonin through the suppression of Snail and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‑9), through hypoxia‑inducible factor 1α (HIF‑1α) inhibition. These findings demonstrated that the anticancer effects of melatonin against OA MG‑63 cells is through the suppression of EMT via HIF‑1α/Snail/MMP‑9 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014010, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Basic and Forensic Medicine of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014060, P.R. China
| | - Xiongwei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014010, P.R. China
| | - Zengyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014010, P.R. China
| | - Dongming Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014010, P.R. China
| | - Wensheng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014010, P.R. China
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Kozłowska J, Potaniec B, Baczyńska D, Żarowska B, Anioł M. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Aminochalcones as Potential Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agents. Molecules 2019; 24:E4129. [PMID: 31731596 PMCID: PMC6891756 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 18 aminochalcone derivatives were obtained in yields of 21.5-88.6% by applying the classical Claisen-Schmidt reaction. Compounds 4-9, 14 and 16-18 with 4-ethyl, 4-carboxy-, 4-benzyloxy- and 4-benzyloxy-3-methoxy groups were novel, not previously described in the scientific literature. To determine the biological properties of the synthesized compounds, anticancer and antimicrobial activity assays were performed. Antiproliferative potential was evaluated on four different human colon cancer cell lines-HT-29, LS180, LoVo and LoVo/DX -using the SRB assay and compared with green monkey kidney fibroblasts COS7. Anticancer activity was described as the IC50 value. The best results were observed for 2'-aminochalcone (1), 3'-aminochalcone (2) and 4'-aminochalcone (3) (IC50 = 1.43-1.98 µg·mL-1) against the HT-29 cell line and for amino-nitrochalcones 10-12 (IC50 = 2.77-3.42 µg·mL-1) against the LoVo and LoVo/DX cell lines. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of all derivatives was evaluated on two strains of bacteria: Escherichia coli ATCC10536 and Staphylococcus aureus DSM799, the yeast strain Candida albicans DSM1386 and three strains of fungi: Alternaria alternata CBS1526, Fusarium linii KB-F1 and Aspergillus niger DSM1957. In the case of E. coli ATCC10536 almost all derivatives hindered the bacterial growth (∆OD = 0). Furthermore, the best results were observed in the presence of 4'-aminochalcone (3), that completely limited the growth of all tested strains at the concentration range of 0.25-0.5 mg·mL-1. The strongest bacteriostatic activity was exhibited by novel 3'-amino-4-benzyloxychalcone (14), that prevented the growth of E. coli ATCC10536 with MIC = 0.0625 mg·mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (B.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Bartłomiej Potaniec
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (B.P.); (M.A.)
- ŁUKASIEWICZ Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dagmara Baczyńska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Barbara Żarowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Mirosław Anioł
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (B.P.); (M.A.)
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Dos Santos MB, Bertholin Anselmo D, de Oliveira JG, Jardim-Perassi BV, Alves Monteiro D, Silva G, Gomes E, Lucia Fachin A, Marins M, de Campos Zuccari DAP, Octavio Regasini L. Antiproliferative activity and p53 upregulation effects of chalcones on human breast cancer cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1093-1099. [PMID: 31117836 PMCID: PMC6534249 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1615485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are valuable structures for drug discovery due to their broad bioactivity spectrum. In this study, we evaluated 20 synthetic chalcones against estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer cells (MCF-7 line) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells (MDA-MB-231 line). Antiproliferative screening by MTT assay resulted in two most active compounds: 2-fluoro-4’-aminochalcone (11) and 3-pyridyl-4’-aminochalcone (17). Their IC50 values ranged from 13.2 to 34.7 µM against both cell lines. Selected chalcones are weak basic compounds and maintained their antiproliferative activity under acidosis conditions (pH 6.7), indicating their resistance to ion-trapping effect. The mode of breast cancer cells death was investigated and chalcones 11 and 17 were able to induce apoptosis rather than necrosis in both lines. Antiproliferative target investigations with MCF-7 cells suggested 11 and 17 upregulated p53 protein expression and did not affect Sp1 protein expression. Future studies on chalcones 11 and 17 can define their in vivo therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bastos Dos Santos
- a Department of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE) , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Daiane Bertholin Anselmo
- a Department of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE) , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Bruna V Jardim-Perassi
- b Department of Molecular Biology , Medicine College of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Diego Alves Monteiro
- c Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE) , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Gabriel Silva
- d Biotechnology Unit , University of Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Eleni Gomes
- c Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE) , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia Fachin
- d Biotechnology Unit , University of Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Mozart Marins
- d Biotechnology Unit , University of Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP) , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Luis Octavio Regasini
- a Department of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE) , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
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Riaz S, Iqbal M, Ullah R, Zahra R, Chotana GA, Faisal A, Saleem RSZ. Synthesis and evaluation of novel α-substituted chalcones with potent anti-cancer activities and ability to overcome multidrug resistance. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:123-135. [PMID: 30884306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of forty α-substituted chalcones were synthesized and screened for their antiproliferative activities against HCT116 (colorectal) and HCC1954 (breast) cancer cell lines. Compounds 5a and 5e were found to be the most potent compounds with GI50 values of 0.63 µM and 0.725 µM in HCC1954 cell line and 0.69 µM and 1.59 µM in HCT116 cell line, respectively. Both compounds induced a G2/M cell cycle arrest and caused apoptotic cell death in HCT116 cells as shown by the induction of PARP cleavage. The compounds also stabilized p53 in a dose-dependent manner in HCT116 cells following 24-hour treatment. Furthermore, both 5a and 5e were able to overcome multidrug resistance in two MDR-1 overexpressing multidrug resistant cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Riaz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Maheen Iqbal
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Rahim Ullah
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Rida Zahra
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Ghayoor Abbas Chotana
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Amir Faisal
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan.
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan.
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