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Abdi IY, Bartl M, Dakna M, Abdesselem H, Majbour N, Trenkwalder C, El-Agnaf O, Mollenhauer B. Cross-sectional proteomic expression in Parkinson's disease-related proteins in drug-naïve patients vs healthy controls with longitudinal clinical follow-up. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 177:105997. [PMID: 36634823 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.105997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to find reliable and accessible blood-based biomarkers for early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) correlating with clinical symptoms and displaying predictive potential to improve future clinical trials. This led us to a conduct large-scale proteomics approach using an advanced high-throughput proteomics technology to create a proteomic profile for PD. Over 1300 proteins were measured in serum samples from a de novo Parkinson's (DeNoPa) cohort made up of 85 deep clinically phenotyped drug-naïve de novo PD patients and 93 matched healthy controls (HC) with longitudinal clinical follow-up available of up to 8 years. The analysis identified 73 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of which 14 proteins were confirmed as stable potential diagnostic markers using machine learning tools. Among the DEPs identified, eight proteins-ALCAM, contactin 1, CD36, DUS3, NEGR1, Notch1, TrkB, and BTK- significantly correlated with longitudinal clinical scores including motor and non-motor symptom scores, cognitive function and depression scales, indicating potential predictive values for progression in PD among various phenotypes. Known functions of these proteins and their possible relation to the pathophysiology or symptomatology of PD were discussed and presented with a particular emphasis on the potential biological mechanisms involved, such as cell adhesion, axonal guidance and neuroinflammation, and T-cell activation. In conclusion, with the use of advance multiplex proteomic technology, a blood-based protein signature profile was identified from serum samples of a well-characterized PD cohort capable of potentially differentiating PD from HC and predicting clinical disease progression of related motor and non-motor PD symptoms. We thereby highlight the need to validate and further investigate these markers in future prospective cohorts and assess their possible PD-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Yahya Abdi
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar; Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Michael Bartl
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Mohammed Dakna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Houari Abdesselem
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Nour Majbour
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Claudia Trenkwalder
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Klinikstrasse, Kassel, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Omar El-Agnaf
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar; Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch, Goettingen, Germany; Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Klinikstrasse, Kassel, Germany.
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2
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Pulido R, Nunes-Xavier CE. Editorial: Cell and Developmental Signalling in Neuroblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1126352. [PMID: 36684434 PMCID: PMC9846788 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1126352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain,*Correspondence: Rafael Pulido, ; Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier,
| | - Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier
- Biomarkers in Cancer, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain,Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,*Correspondence: Rafael Pulido, ; Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier,
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3
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Benito-León M, Gil-Redondo JC, Perez-Sen R, Delicado EG, Ortega F, Gomez-Villafuertes R. BCI, an inhibitor of the DUSP1 and DUSP6 dual specificity phosphatases, enhances P2X7 receptor expression in neuroblastoma cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1049566. [PMID: 36589747 PMCID: PMC9797830 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1049566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7 receptor (P2RX7) is expressed strongly by most human cancers, including neuroblastoma, where high levels of P2RX7 are correlated with a poor prognosis for patients. Tonic activation of P2X7 receptor favors cell metabolism and angiogenesis, thereby promoting cancer cell proliferation, immunosuppression, and metastasis. Although understanding the mechanisms that control P2X7 receptor levels in neuroblastoma cells could be biologically and clinically relevant, the intracellular signaling pathways involved in this regulation remain poorly understood. Here we show that (E)-2-benzylidene-3-(cyclohexylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (BCI), an allosteric inhibitor of dual specificity phosphatases (DUSP) 1 and 6, enhances the expression of P2X7 receptor in N2a neuroblastoma cells. We found that exposure to BCI induces the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 and JNK, while it prevents the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. BCI enhanced dual specificity phosphatase 1 expression, whereas it induced a decrease in the dual specificity phosphatase 6 transcripts, suggesting that BCI-dependent inhibition of dual specificity phosphatase 1 may be responsible for the increase in p38 and JNK phosphorylation. The weaker ERK phosphorylation induced by BCI was reversed by p38 inhibition, indicating that this MAPK is involved in the regulatory loop that dampens ERK activity. The PP2A phosphatase appears to be implicated in the p38-dependent dephosphorylation of ERK1/2. In addition, the PTEN phosphatase inhibition also prevented ERK1/2 dephosphorylation, probably through p38 downregulation. By contrast, inhibition of the p53 nuclear factor decreased ERK phosphorylation, probably enhancing the activity of p38. Finally, the inhibition of either p38 or Sp1-dependent transcription halved the increase in P2X7 receptor expression induced by BCI. Moreover, the combined inhibition of both p38 and Sp1 completely prevented the effect exerted by BCI. Together, our results indicate that dual specificity phosphatase 1 acts as a novel negative regulator of P2X7 receptor expression in neuroblastoma cells due to the downregulation of the p38 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Benito-León
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Gil-Redondo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain,Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Biophysics, BOKU University for Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raquel Perez-Sen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esmerilda G. Delicado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Felipe Ortega, ; Rosa Gomez-Villafuertes,
| | - Rosa Gomez-Villafuertes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Felipe Ortega, ; Rosa Gomez-Villafuertes,
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4
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Thompson EM, Patel V, Rajeeve V, Cutillas PR, Stoker AW. The cytotoxic action of BCI is not dependent on its stated DUSP1 or DUSP6 targets in neuroblastoma cells. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1388-1405. [PMID: 35478300 PMCID: PMC9249316 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous cancer of the sympathetic nervous system, which accounts for 7-10% of paediatric malignancies worldwide. Due to the lack of targetable molecular aberrations in NB, most treatment options remain relatively nonspecific. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of BCI, an inhibitor of DUSP1 and DUSP6, in cultured NB cells. BCI was cytotoxic in a range of NB cell lines and induced a short-lived activation of the AKT and stress-inducible MAP kinases, although ERK phosphorylation was unaffected. Furthermore, a phosphoproteomic screen identified significant upregulation of JNK signalling components and suppression in mTOR and R6K signalling. To assess the specificity of BCI, CRISPR-Cas9 was employed to introduce insertions and deletions in the DUSP1 and DUSP6 genes. Surprisingly, BCI remained fully cytotoxic in NB cells with complete loss of DUSP6 and partial depletion of DUSP1, suggesting that BCI exerts cytotoxicity in NB cells through a complex mechanism that is unrelated to these phosphatases. Overall, these data highlight the risk of using an inhibitor such as BCI as supposedly specific DUSP1/6, without understanding its full range of targets in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott M. Thompson
- Developmental Biology & Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
| | - Vruti Patel
- Developmental Biology & Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
- Present address:
Current Address: Discovery Research MRL UKMSDThe London Bioscience Innovation Centre (LBIC)LondonUK
| | - Vinothini Rajeeve
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryBarts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonUK
| | - Pedro R Cutillas
- Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryBarts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonUK
| | - Andrew W. Stoker
- Developmental Biology & Cancer Research and Teaching DepartmentUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
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5
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Sadick JS, O'Dea MR, Hasel P, Dykstra T, Faustin A, Liddelow SA. Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes undergo subtype-specific transcriptional changes in Alzheimer's disease. Neuron 2022; 110:1788-1805.e10. [PMID: 35381189 PMCID: PMC9167747 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Resolving glial contributions to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is necessary because changes in neuronal function, such as reduced synaptic density, altered electrophysiological properties, and degeneration, are not entirely cell autonomous. To improve understanding of transcriptomic heterogeneity in glia during AD, we used single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to characterize astrocytes and oligodendrocytes from apolipoprotein (APOE) Ɛ2/3 human AD and age- and genotype-matched non-symptomatic (NS) brains. We enriched astrocytes before sequencing and characterized pathology from the same location as the sequenced material. We characterized baseline heterogeneity in both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and identified global and subtype-specific transcriptomic changes between AD and NS astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. We also took advantage of recent human and mouse spatial transcriptomics resources to localize heterogeneous astrocyte subtypes to specific regions in the healthy and inflamed brain. Finally, we integrated our data with published AD snRNA-seq datasets, highlighting the power of combining datasets to resolve previously unidentifiable astrocyte subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Sadick
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael R O'Dea
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Philip Hasel
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Taitea Dykstra
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Arline Faustin
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Shane A Liddelow
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Parekh Center for Interdisciplinary Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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6
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Nunes-Xavier CE, Zaldumbide L, Mosteiro L, López-Almaraz R, García de Andoin N, Aguirre P, Emaldi M, Torices L, López JI, Pulido R. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Neuroblastoma: Emerging Roles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:811297. [PMID: 34957126 PMCID: PMC8692838 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.811297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer intimately related with early development and differentiation of neuroendocrine cells, and constitutes one of the pediatric cancers with higher incidence and mortality. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are key regulators of cell growth and differentiation by their direct effect on tyrosine dephosphorylation of specific protein substrates, exerting major functions in the modulation of intracellular signaling during neuron development in response to external cues driving cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. We review here the current knowledge on the role of PTPs in neuroblastoma cell growth, survival, and differentiation. The potential of PTPs as biomarkers and molecular targets for inhibition in neuroblastoma therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier, ; Rafael Pulido,
| | - Laura Zaldumbide
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Lorena Mosteiro
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Aguirre
- Department of Pathology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maite Emaldi
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Leire Torices
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - José I. López
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- *Correspondence: Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier, ; Rafael Pulido,
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7
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Quantification of PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction between Membranes from PBMCs and Melanoma Samples Using Cell Membrane Microarray and Time-Resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer. ANALYTICA 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/analytica2040015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a carcinoma known to evade the host immune defenses via the downregulation of the immune response. One of the molecules involved in this mechanism is programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which interacts with its receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), expressed on T cells, leading to a reduction in cytokine release and cytotoxic activity, as well as a halt in T-cell proliferation. The approved therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, target the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and are revolutionizing cancer treatments. We developed an assay that provides a quantitative readout of PD-1/PD-L1 interactive states between cell membranes of human immune cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMCs) and PD-L1-expressing samples. For this purpose, cell membrane microarrays (CMMAs) were developed from membranes isolated from a HT144 cell line and melanoma samples, and PD-L1 expression was quantified using immunofluorescence (IF). CMMAs were incubated with cell membranes of PBMCs expressing PD-1, and the interaction with PD-L1 was quantified by time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer, in the presence and absence of pembrolizumab as a blocking drug. The developed assay was able to quantify the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction, and this engagement was disrupted in the presence of the blocking antibody. This demonstrates the potential of the method to analyze monoclonal antibody drugs, as well as the functional states of immune checkpoint regulators. Furthermore, our findings provide evidence to support the future implementation of this methodology for both drug discovery and immune system monitoring in cancer, transplantation, and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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8
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Hu Z, Cheng C, Wang Y, Chen T, Tu J, Niu C, Xing R, Wang Y, Xu Y. Synergistic Effect of Statins and Abiraterone Acetate on the Growth Inhibition of Neuroblastoma via Targeting Androgen Receptor. Front Oncol 2021; 11:595285. [PMID: 34041015 PMCID: PMC8141582 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.595285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial neuroendocrine tumor in childhood. Although many studies have tried to find effective treatments, there are still numerous limitations in current clinical targeted therapy. So, it is important to find new therapeutic targets and strategies from a new perspective. Our previous study reported that the androgen receptor (AR) promotes the growth of neuroblastoma in vitro and in vivo. Based on documentary investigation, we postulated that the AR–SCAP–SREBPs-CYP17/HMGCR axis may regulate cholesterol and androgens synthesis and form a positive enhancement loop promoting NB progression. Clinical samples and Oncomine database analysis proved the activation of AR–SCAP–SREBPs-CYP17/HMGCR axis in neuroblastoma. The combination of inhibitors of HMGCR (statins) and CYP17A1 (abiraterone acetate) showed synergistic effect that significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration with decreased expression of related genes detected in vitro and in vivo suggesting the dual-targeted therapy had the potential to inhibit the progression of neuroblastoma in spite of its MYCN status. This study provides new ideas for clinical treatment of neuroblastoma with efficacy and reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengchun Hu
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chuandong Cheng
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tianrui Chen
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhong Tu
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chaoshi Niu
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Rong Xing
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yinghui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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9
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Karaosmanoğlu O. P38-β/SAPK-inhibiting and apoptosis-inducing activities of (E)-4-chloro-2-((3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino)phenol. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1374-1389. [PMID: 32394730 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120924112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study has three purposes; first evaluating cytotoxicity of (E)-4-chloro-2-((3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)phenol (ACES), second deciphering ACES-mediated cellular death mechanism, and third estimating ACES-mediated alterations in the expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway-related genes. Neutral red uptake assay, cell cycle analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements, caspase 3/7 and 9 activations, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were implemented. IC50 values of ACES-treated five cells were around 4-6 µg/mL. However, Caco-2 and Huh-7 cells were found to be twofold resistant and fivefold sensitive with IC50 values of 11 µg/mL and 0.93 µg/mL, respectively. In this study, it was initially reported that ACES exhibits selective cytotoxicity to Huh-7 cells. In addition, ACES induced apoptosis by nuclear fragmentation, MMP disruption, and intracellular ROS elevation in MCF-7 cells. qRT-PCR experiment indicated the expressions of 30 genes including ATF2, CREB1, MYC, NFATC4 (NFAT3), CCNA1, CCNB1, CCND2, CDK2, CDKN1A (p21CIP1), CDKN1C (p57KIP2), CDKN2A (p16INK4a), CDKN2B (p15INK4b), DLK1, NRAS, CDC42, PAK1, MAP4K1 (HPK1), MAP3K3 (MEKK3), MAP2K3 (MEK3), MAP2K6 (MEK6), MOS, MAPK1 (ERK2), MAPK8 (JNK1), MAPK10 (JNK3), MAPK11 (p38-β), LAMTOR3 (MP1), MAPK8IP2 (JIP-1), PRDX6 (AOP2), COL1A1, and HSPA5 (Grp78) were downregulated at least 1.5-fold. Moreover, ACES effectively inhibited expressions of genes that code for elements of p38-β/stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway. ACES has the potential to be used for the reversal of trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer patients by inhibiting p38/SAPK pathway in MCF-7 cells. Therefore, with the selective cytotoxic, apoptosis-inducing, and p38-β/SAPK-inhibiting activities, ACES can be utilized for developing a novel anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Karaosmanoğlu
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
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10
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Pulido R, Lang R. Dual Specificity Phosphatases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Biological Function. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184372. [PMID: 31489884 PMCID: PMC6770836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Roland Lang
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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