1
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Guo Z, Guo L. Abnormal activation of RFC3, A YAP1/TEAD downstream target, promotes gastric cancer progression. Int J Clin Oncol 2024; 29:442-455. [PMID: 38383698 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-024-02478-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor with a high mortality rate, and thus, it is necessary to explore molecular mechanisms underlying its progression. While replication factor C subunit 3 (RFC3) has been demonstrated to function as an oncogene in many cancers, its role in GC remains unclear. METHODS Tumor tissues were collected from clinical GC patients, and the expression of RFC3 was analyzed. NCI-N87 and HGC-27 cells were infected with lentivirus sh-RFC3 to knock down RFC3 expression. RFC3 expression levels were determined, in addition to cell biological behaviors both in vitro and in vivo. The relationship between RFC3 and the YAP1/TEAD signaling pathway was detected by dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS RFC3 was upregulated in GC tumor tissues. RFC3 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis of GC cells, and suppressed cell migration and invasion. Moreover, depleted RFC3 suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, the YAP1/TEAD axis activated RFC3 expression transcriptionally by binding to the RFC3 promoter. CONCLUSIONS RFC3 was transcriptional activated by the YAP1/TEAD signaling pathway, thus promoting GC progression. RFC3 may be a promising therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Guo
- Department of Operating Room, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Zhang F, Chu M, Liu J, Zhao Q, Zhu Y, Wu X. Shikonin Suppresses Cell Tumorigenesis in Gastric Cancer Associated with the Inhibition of c-Myc and Yap-1. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1919-1929. [PMID: 37957853 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073254088231020082912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to study the potential roles and mechanisms of shikonin in gastric cancer by network pharmacology and biological experiments. METHODS The key genes and targets of shikonin in gastric cancer were predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking study. The effect of shikonin on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells was detected by the CCK8 method, and wound healing and transwell assays. The expression levels of c-Myc and Yap-1 were detected via western blotting in gastric cancer cells after shikonin intervention. RESULTS The results of network pharmacology revealed the key target genes of shikonin on gastric cancer cells to be c-Myc, Yap-1, AKT1, etc. GO and KEGG analysis showed regulation of cell migration, proliferation, adhesion, and other biological processes, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, necroptosis, and other cancer pathways. Molecular docking showed shikonin to be most closely combined with protooncogenes c-Myc and Yap-1. In vitro experiments showed that the proliferation rate, migration, and invasion ability of the gastric cancer cell group decreased significantly after shikonin intervention for 24h. The expression levels of c-Myc and Yap-1 in gastric cancer cells were found to be significantly decreased after shikonin intervention. CONCLUSION This study showed protooncogenes c-Myc and Yap-1 to be the core target genes of shikonin on gastric cancer cells. Shikonin may suppress gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the protooncogenes c-Myc and Yap-1. This suggests that shikonin may be a good candidate for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Mingliang Chu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Jiemin Liu
- Department of Endoscopy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Xuefang Wu
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
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3
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Chen B, Liu X, Yu P, Xie F, Kwan JSH, Chan WN, Fang C, Zhang J, Cheung AHK, Chow C, Leung GWM, Leung KT, Shi S, Zhang B, Wang S, Xu D, Fu K, Wong CC, Wu WKK, Chan MWY, Tang PMK, Tsang CM, Lo KW, Tse GMK, Yu J, To KF, Kang W. H. pylori-induced NF-κB-PIEZO1-YAP1-CTGF axis drives gastric cancer progression and cancer-associated fibroblast-mediated tumour microenvironment remodelling. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1481. [PMID: 37983931 PMCID: PMC10659770 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common tumours in East Asia countries and is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori utilizes virulence factors, CagA and VacA, to up-regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines and activate NF-κB signaling. Meanwhile, the PIEZO1 upregulation and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) enrichment were found in GC progression. However, the mechanisms of PIEZO1 upregulation and its involvement in GC progression have not been fully elucidated. METHODS The CAF enrichment and clinical significance were investigated in animal models and primary samples. The expression of NF-κB and PIEZO1 in GC was confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining, and expression correlation was analysed in multiple GC datasets. GSEA and Western blot analysis revealed the YAP1-CTGF axis regulation by PIEZO1. The stimulatory effects of CTGF on CAFs were validated by the co-culture system and animal studies. Patient-derived organoid and peritoneal dissemination models were employed to confirm the role of the PIEZO1-YAP1-CTGF cascade in GC. RESULTS Both CAF signature and PIEZO1 were positively correlated with H. pylori infection. PIEZO1, a mechanosensor, was confirmed as a direct downstream of NF-κB to promote the transformation from intestinal metaplasia to GC. Mechanistic studies revealed that PIEZO1 transduced the oncogenic signal from NF-κB into YAP1 signaling, a well-documented oncogenic pathway in GC progression. PIEZO1 expression was positively correlated with the YAP1 signature (CTGF, CYR61, and c-Myc, etc.) in primary samples. The secreted CTGF by cancer cells stimulated the CAF infiltration to form a stiffened collagen-enrichment microenvironment, thus activating PIEZO1 to form a positive feedback loop. Both PIEZO1 depletion by shRNA and CTGF inhibition by Procyanidin C1 enhanced the efficacy of 5-FU in suppressing the GC cell peritoneal metastasis. CONCLUSION This study elucidates a novel driving PIEZO1-YAP1-CTGF force, which opens a novel therapeutic avenue to block the transformation from precancerous lesions to GC. H. pylori-NF-κB activates the PIEZO1-YAP1-CTGF axis to remodel the GC microenvironment by promoting CAF infiltration. Targeting PIEZO1-YAP1-CTGF plus chemotherapy might serve as a potential therapeutic option to block GC progression and peritoneal metastasis.
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4
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Kola JB, Docsa T, Uray K. Mechanosensing in the Physiology and Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010177. [PMID: 36613619 PMCID: PMC9820522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal gastrointestinal function relies on sensing and transducing mechanical signals into changes in intracellular signaling pathways. Both specialized mechanosensing cells, such as certain enterochromaffin cells and enteric neurons, and non-specialized cells, such as smooth muscle cells, interstitial cells of Cajal, and resident macrophages, participate in physiological and pathological responses to mechanical signals in the gastrointestinal tract. We review the role of mechanosensors in the different cell types of the gastrointestinal tract. Then, we provide several examples of the role of mechanotransduction in normal physiology. These examples highlight the fact that, although these responses to mechanical signals have been known for decades, the mechanosensors involved in these responses to mechanical signals are largely unknown. Finally, we discuss several diseases involving the overstimulation or dysregulation of mechanotransductive pathways. Understanding these pathways and identifying the mechanosensors involved in these diseases may facilitate the identification of new drug targets to effectively treat these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Job Baffin Kola
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Docsa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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5
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Yang Q, Chen Y, Guo R, Dai Y, Tang L, Zhao Y, Wu X, Li M, Du F, Shen J, Yi T, Xiao Z, Wen Q. Interaction of ncRNA and Epigenetic Modifications in Gastric Cancer: Focus on Histone Modification. Front Oncol 2022; 11:822745. [PMID: 35155211 PMCID: PMC8826423 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.822745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has developed as a very common gastrointestinal tumors, with recent effective advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cancer. However, the prognosis for gastric cancer remains poor. As a result, there is in sore need of better understanding the mechanisms of gastric cancer development and progression to improve existing diagnostic and treatment options. In recent years, epigenetics has been recognized as an important contributor on tumor progression. Epigenetic changes in cancer include chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation and histone modifications. An increasing number of studies demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are associated with epigenetic changes in gastric cancer. Herein, we describe the molecular interactions of histone modifications and ncRNAs in epigenetics. We focus on ncRNA-mediated histone modifications of gene expression associated with tumorigenesis and progression in gastric cancer. This molecular mechanism will contribute to our deeper understanding of gastric carcinogenesis and progression, thus providing innovations in gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yalan Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Liyao Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Xu Wu
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Shen
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
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6
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Liu S, Lin Z. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Mechanosensitive Regulators and Vascular Remodeling. J Vasc Res 2021; 59:90-113. [PMID: 34937033 DOI: 10.1159/000519845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are subjected to mechanical loads of pressure and flow, inducing smooth muscle circumferential and endothelial shear stresses. The perception and response of vascular tissue and living cells to these stresses and the microenvironment they are exposed to are critical to their function and survival. These mechanical stimuli not only cause morphological changes in cells and vessel walls but also can interfere with biochemical homeostasis, leading to vascular remodeling and dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying how these stimuli affect tissue and cellular function, including mechanical stimulation-induced biochemical signaling and mechanical transduction that relies on cytoskeletal integrity, are unclear. This review focuses on signaling pathways that regulate multiple biochemical processes in vascular mesangial smooth muscle cells in response to circumferential stress and are involved in mechanosensitive regulatory molecules in response to mechanotransduction, including ion channels, membrane receptors, integrins, cytoskeletal proteins, nuclear structures, and cascades. Mechanoactivation of these signaling pathways is closely associated with vascular remodeling in physiological or pathophysiological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangmin Liu
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, China, .,Medical Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China,
| | - Zhanyi Lin
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, China.,Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Uray IP, Uray K. Mechanotransduction at the Plasma Membrane-Cytoskeleton Interface. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11566. [PMID: 34768998 PMCID: PMC8584042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical cues are crucial for survival, adaptation, and normal homeostasis in virtually every cell type. The transduction of mechanical messages into intracellular biochemical messages is termed mechanotransduction. While significant advances in biochemical signaling have been made in the last few decades, the role of mechanotransduction in physiological and pathological processes has been largely overlooked until recently. In this review, the role of interactions between the cytoskeleton and cell-cell/cell-matrix adhesions in transducing mechanical signals is discussed. In addition, mechanosensors that reside in the cell membrane and the transduction of mechanical signals to the nucleus are discussed. Finally, we describe two examples in which mechanotransduction plays a significant role in normal physiology and disease development. The first example is the role of mechanotransduction in the proliferation and metastasis of cancerous cells. In this system, the role of mechanotransduction in cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and motility, is described. In the second example, the role of mechanotransduction in a mechanically active organ, the gastrointestinal tract, is described. In the gut, mechanotransduction contributes to normal physiology and the development of motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván P. Uray
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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8
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Luo T, Ding K, Ji J, Zhang X, Yang X, Chen A, Huang B, Zhang D, Wang J, Li X. Cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4) promotes malignant progression of human gliomas through inhibition of the Hippo signaling pathway. J Neurooncol 2021; 154:275-283. [PMID: 34476666 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-021-03831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gliomas are the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumors and are associated with high mortality and incidence in humans. Despite rigorous multi-modal therapy, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, patients with malignant glioma survive an average of 12-15 months following primary diagnosis. Therefore, new molecular biomarkers are urgently needed for diagnosis and targeted therapy. Here, we find that suppression of CKAP4 might inhibit glioma growth through regulation of Hippo signaling. METHODS We examined the expression levels of CKAP4 through analysis of RNA sequencing data from GEPIA and CGGA databases. Then, Lentivirus was used to construct stable cell lines with knockout or overexpression of CKAP4. Next, the function of CKAP4 on glioma was investigated in vitro and in an orthotopic brain tumor model in mice. Lastly, luciferase reporter assay, immunofluorescence and immunoblotting were performed to explore the potential mechanism of how CKAP4 affects gliomas. RESULTS CKAP4 is highly upregulated in glioma and high CKAP4 expressing tumors were associated with poor patient survival. And CKAP4 promotes malignant progression of gliomas via inhibiting Hippo signaling. CONCLUSION CKAP4 has potential as a promising biomarker and can predict the prognosis of patients with gliomas. And targeting CKAP4 expression may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of human gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Kaikai Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Jianxiong Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Anjing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies Vei 91, 5009, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Shandong, 250012, Jinan, China.
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9
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Fahrmann JF, Katayama H, Irajizad E, Chakraborty A, Kato T, Mao X, Park S, Murage E, Rusling L, Yu CY, Cai Y, Hsiao FC, Dennison JB, Tran H, Ostrin E, Wilson DO, Yuan JM, Vykoukal J, Hanash S. Plasma Based Protein Signatures Associated with Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163972. [PMID: 34439128 PMCID: PMC8391533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-cell-lung cancer (SCLC) is associated with overexpression of oncogenes including Myc family genes and YAP1 and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. We performed in-depth proteomic profiling of plasmas collected from 15 individuals with newly diagnosed early stage SCLC and from 15 individuals before the diagnosis of SCLC and compared findings with plasma proteomic profiles of 30 matched controls to determine the occurrence of signatures that reflect disease pathogenesis. A total of 272 proteins were elevated (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) ≥ 0.60) among newly diagnosed cases compared to matched controls of which 31 proteins were also elevated (AUC ≥ 0.60) in case plasmas collected within one year prior to diagnosis. Ingenuity Pathway analyses of SCLC-associated proteins revealed enrichment of signatures of oncogenic MYC and YAP1. Intersection of proteins elevated in case plasmas with proteomic profiles of conditioned medium from 17 SCLC cell lines yielded 52 overlapping proteins characterized by YAP1-associated signatures of cytoskeletal re-arrangement and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Among samples collected more than one year prior to diagnosis there was a predominance of inflammatory markers. Our integrated analyses identified novel circulating protein features in early stage SCLC associated with oncogenic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes F. Fahrmann
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Hiroyuki Katayama
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Ehsan Irajizad
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Ashish Chakraborty
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Taketo Kato
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Xiangying Mao
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Eunice Murage
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Leona Rusling
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Chuan-Yih Yu
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Yinging Cai
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Fu Chung Hsiao
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Jennifer B. Dennison
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Hai Tran
- Department of Thoracic-Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Edwin Ostrin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - David O. Wilson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA;
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jody Vykoukal
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Samir Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.F.F.); (H.K.); (E.I.); (A.C.); (T.K.); (X.M.); (S.P.); (E.M.); (L.R.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.C.H.); (J.B.D.); (J.V.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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El Sabeh M, Saha SK, Afrin S, Islam MS, Borahay MA. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in uterine leiomyoma: role in tumor biology and targeting opportunities. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3513-3536. [PMID: 33999334 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common tumor of the female reproductive system and originates from a single transformed myometrial smooth muscle cell. Despite the immense medical, psychosocial, and financial impact, the exact underlying mechanisms of leiomyoma pathobiology are poorly understood. Alterations of signaling pathways are thought to be instrumental in leiomyoma biology. Wnt/β-catenin pathway appears to be involved in several aspects of the genesis of leiomyomas. For example, Wnt5b is overexpressed in leiomyoma, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway appears to mediate the role of MED12 mutations, the most common mutations in leiomyoma, in tumorigenesis. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a paracrine role where estrogen/progesterone treatment of mature myometrial or leiomyoma cells leads to increased expression of Wnt11 and Wnt16, which induces proliferation of leiomyoma stem cells and tumor growth. Constitutive activation of β-catenin leads to myometrial hyperplasia and leiomyoma-like lesions in animal models. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is also closely involved in mechanotransduction and extracellular matrix regulation and relevant alterations in leiomyoma, and crosstalk is noted between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and other pathways known to regulate leiomyoma development and growth such as estrogen, progesterone, TGFβ, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, IGF, Hippo, and Notch signaling. Finally, evidence suggests that inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway using β-catenin inhibitors inhibits leiomyoma cell proliferation. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of leiomyoma development is essential for effective treatment. The specific Wnt/β-catenin pathway molecules discussed in this review constitute compelling candidates for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak El Sabeh
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Subbroto Kumar Saha
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mostafa A Borahay
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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11
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Li Y, Sun C, Tan Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Zou H. ITGB1 enhances the Radioresistance of human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by modulating the DNA damage response and YAP1-induced Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:635-650. [PMID: 33613118 PMCID: PMC7893583 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.52319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Radiotherapy has played a limited role in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) due to the risk of tumour radioresistance. We previously established the radioresistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line H460R. In this study, we identified differentially expressed genes between these radioresistant H460R cells and their radiosensitive parent line. We further evaluated the role of a differentially expressed gene, ITGB1, in NSCLC cell radioresistance and as a potential target for improving radiosensitivity. Materials and Methods: The radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells was evaluated by flow cytometry, colony formation assays, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting. Bioinformatics assay was used to identify the effect of ITGB1 and YAP1 expression in NSCLC tissues. Results: ITGB1 mRNA and protein expression levels were higher in H460R than in the parental H460 cells. We observed lower clonogenic survival and cell viability and a higher rate of apoptosis of ITGB1-knockdown A549 and H460R cells than of wild type cells post-irradiation. Transfection with an ITGB1 short hairpin (sh) RNA enhanced radiation-induced DNA damage and G2/M phase arrest. Moreover, ITGB1 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of NSCLC cells. Silencing ITGB1 suppressed the expression and intracellular translocation of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), a downstream effector of ITGB1. Conclusions: ITGB1 may induce radioresistance via affecting DNA repair and YAP1-induced EMT. Taken together, our data suggest that ITGB1 is an attractive therapeutic target to overcome NSCLC cell radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexian Li
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital affiliated with China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Cheng Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital affiliated with China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yonggang Tan
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital affiliated with China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Heying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital affiliated with China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
| | - Huawei Zou
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital affiliated with China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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12
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FGF18-FGFR2 signaling triggers the activation of c-Jun-YAP1 axis to promote carcinogenesis in a subgroup of gastric cancer patients and indicates translational potential. Oncogene 2020; 39:6647-6663. [PMID: 32934314 PMCID: PMC7581496 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2) has emerged as a key oncogenic factor that regulates gastric cancer (GC) progression, but the underlying mechanism of FGF–FGFR2 signaling pathway remains largely unknown. To identify the potential molecular mechanisms of the oncogenic FGFR2 in gastric carcinogenesis and convey a novel therapeutic strategy, we profiled the FGFR alterations and analyzed their clinical associations in TCGA and Hong Kong GC cohorts. We found that FGFR2 overexpression in GC cell lines and primary tumors predicted poor survival and was associated with advanced stages of GC. Functionally, growth abilities and cell cycle progression of GC were inhibited by inactivation of ERK–MAPK signal transduction after FGFR2 knockdown, while apoptosis was promoted. Meanwhile, the first-line anti-cancer drug sensitivity was enhanced. RNA-seq analysis further revealed that YAP1 signaling serves as a significant downstream modulator and mediates the oncogenic signaling of FGFR2. When stimulating FGFR2 by rhFGF18, we observed intensified F-actin, nuclear accumulation of YAP1, and overexpression of YAP1 targets, but these effects were attenuated by either FGFR2 depletion or AZD4547 administration. Additionally, the FGF18–FGFR2 signaling upregulated YAP1 expression through activating c-Jun, an effector of MAPK signaling. In our cohort, 28.94% of GC cases were characterized as FGFR2, c-Jun, and YAP1 co-positive and demonstrated worse clinical outcomes. Remarkably, we also found that co-targeting FGFR2 and YAP1 by AZD4547 and Verteporfin synergistically enhanced the antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we have identified the oncogenic FGF–FGFR2 regulates YAP1 signaling in GC. The findings also highlight the translational potential of FGFR2–c-Jun–YAP1 axis, which may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.
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13
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Ogasawara N, Ohkura Y, Ueno M, Haruta S, Nakayama A, Fujii T, Honda A, Tanaka T, Udagawa H. Late recurrence of gastric carcinoma 15 years after surgery. Clin J Gastroenterol 2020; 13:746-753. [PMID: 32508000 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-020-01143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A 70-year-old man who had undergone total gastrectomy 15 years ago for mucinous gastric carcinoma on the lesser curvature of the cardia, visited our hospital complaining of cough. Chest X-ray showed a right hilar shadow and an infiltrative shadow in the left middle lung field, which was not seen in the previous year. Whole-body positron emission tomography-computed tomography (CT) revealed abnormal uptake in the irregular consolidation of the left lung, enlarged right hilar lymph nodes, and a mass lesion on the right adrenal gland. Advanced primary lung adenocarcinoma with multi-organ metastasis was suspected and a CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination showed immunostaining patterns in complete accordance with those of the resected specimen of stomach, and the diagnosis of late recurrence of gastric carcinoma was confirmed. Pulmonary metastasis might have occurred as a direct hematogenous metastasis rather than through the liver. He achieved 31 months survival after the diagnosis receiving some sequences of chemotherapy. Late recurrence over 10 years after gastrectomy is extremely rare and significant predictive factors of late recurrence are not known. We hope that this case will help in detecting significant factors predictive of late recurrence after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Ogasawara
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | - Yu Ohkura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan.
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | - Shusuke Haruta
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Fujii
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | - Aya Honda
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | - Harushi Udagawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
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Cobbaut M, Karagil S, Bruno L, Diaz de la Loza MDC, Mackenzie FE, Stolinski M, Elbediwy A. Dysfunctional Mechanotransduction through the YAP/TAZ/Hippo Pathway as a Feature of Chronic Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010151. [PMID: 31936297 PMCID: PMC7016982 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to ascertain their external environment, cells and tissues have the capability to sense and process a variety of stresses, including stretching and compression forces. These mechanical forces, as experienced by cells and tissues, are then converted into biochemical signals within the cell, leading to a number of cellular mechanisms being activated, including proliferation, differentiation and migration. If the conversion of mechanical cues into biochemical signals is perturbed in any way, then this can be potentially implicated in chronic disease development and processes such as neurological disorders, cancer and obesity. This review will focus on how the interplay between mechanotransduction, cellular structure, metabolism and signalling cascades led by the Hippo-YAP/TAZ axis can lead to a number of chronic diseases and suggest how we can target various pathways in order to design therapeutic targets for these debilitating diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Cobbaut
- Protein Phosphorylation Lab, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK;
| | - Simge Karagil
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, UK; (S.K.); (L.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Lucrezia Bruno
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, UK; (S.K.); (L.B.); (M.S.)
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, UK;
| | | | - Francesca E Mackenzie
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, UK;
| | - Michael Stolinski
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, UK; (S.K.); (L.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Ahmed Elbediwy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, UK; (S.K.); (L.B.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Song Y, Sun Y, Lei Y, Yang K, Tang R. YAP1 promotes multidrug resistance of small cell lung cancer by CD74-related signaling pathways. Cancer Med 2019; 9:259-268. [PMID: 31692299 PMCID: PMC6943160 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous research found that YAP1 may have a role in multidrug resistance (MDR) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, its underlying mechanism is unknown. METHODS In this study, we investigated the expression of YAP1 using immunohistochemical staining and assessed the relationship between the expression of YAP1 and overall survival in patients with SCLC. We established H69 stable cell lines that overexpressed constitutively active YAP1 and H446 stable cell lines that dominate negative YAP1. We conducted CCK-8, flow cytometric analysis, and in vivo chemosensitivity experiments to evaluate the function of YAP1 in drug sensitivity apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The results indicated that patients with high YAP1 expression have shorter survival rates and more advanced disease stage than those with low YAP1 expression. YAP1 may induce MDR by inhibiting the apoptosis of SCLC. YAP1 induced MDR when YAP1 was hyperactivated, and drug sensitivity increased when YAP1 was inhibited in vitro and in vivo. CD74 was significantly correlated with YAP1 in SCLC samples. Inhibition of CD74 using ISO-1 increased drug sensitivity significantly. CONCLUSIONS The expression of YAP1 is significantly correlated with overall survival and disease stage in patients with SCLC. YAP1 may play an important role in these patients. We were the first to report that YAP1 can induce MDR in SCLC in vitro and in vivo. CD74 may be involved in YAP1-induced MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Song
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanqin Sun
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Lei
- Department of Oncology, Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Guangzhou and Hexian Memorial affiliated hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kui Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruixiang Tang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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16
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Chinnapaka S, Zheng G, Chen A, Munirathinam G. Nitro aspirin (NCX4040) induces apoptosis in PC3 metastatic prostate cancer cells via hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2)-mediated oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:494-509. [PMID: 31446057 PMCID: PMC6848783 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) have shown promise as anticancer agents by inducing cell death apart from their antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombogenic effects. In our current study, we investigated the oxidative stress mediated cell death mechanism of a NSAID derivative NCX4040 (a nitric oxide (NO) releasing form of aspirin) in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) PC3 cell line. Our data revealed that NCX4040 is more potent than its parent compound aspirin or NO releasing compound DETA NONOate. NCX4040 significantly induced hydrogen peroxide formation with ensuing oxidative stress and mitochondrial depolarization resulting in lipid peroxidation, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of colony growth and induction of apoptosis in PC3 cells. Moreover, NCX4040 inhibited migration potential of PC3 cells by depolymerizing F-actin and promoting anoikis. Interestingly, elevated levels of NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1), superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 and 2 were observed upon NCX4040 treatment. However, down regulation of anti-apoptotic markers B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and anti-oxidant thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) expression were observed. In addition, NCX4040 down regulated cyclin D1 expression in PC3 cells further supporting the anticancer effect of NCX4040. Western blot analysis revealed that significant down regulation of key anti-apoptotic markers such as cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-1 (cIAP1), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), survivin, and Cellular-Myc (c-Myc). On the other hand, NCX4040-treated cells showed upregulation of phosho histone H2AX (pH2AX), cleaved caspase3 and cleaved Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1). Taken together, our data demonstrate that NCX4040 treatment enhances free radical formation which in turn induces oxidative stress leading to mitochondrial mediated cell death in metastatic PC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaiah Chinnapaka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Guoxing Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Aoshuang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL, USA.
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