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Martirena-Ramírez A, Serrano-Gamboa JG, Pérez-Llano Y, Zenteno-Alegría CO, Iza-Arteaga ML, Del Rayo Sánchez-Carbente M, Fernández-Ocaña AM, Batista-García RA, Folch-Mallol JL. Aspergillus brasiliensis E_15.1: A Novel Thermophilic Endophyte from a Volcanic Crater Unveiled through Comprehensive Genome-Wide, Phenotypic Analysis, and Plant Growth-Promoting Trails. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:517. [PMID: 39194843 DOI: 10.3390/jof10080517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermophilic fungi have been seldom studied despite the fact that they can contribute to understanding ecological mechanisms of adaptation in diverse environments and have attractive toolboxes with a wide range of biotechnological applications. This work describes for the first time an endophytic and thermophilic strain of Aspergillus brasiliensis that was isolated in the crater of the active volcano "El Chichonal" in Mexico. This strain was capable of surviving in soil with a temperature of 60 °C and a pH of neutral acidity, which preluded a high thermostability and a potential in industrial application. The complete genome of A. brasiliensis E_15.1 was sequenced and assembled in 37 Mb of genomic DNA. We performed a comprehensive phylogenomic analysis for the precise taxonomic identification of this species as a novel strain of Aspergillus brasiliensis. Likewise, the predicted coding sequences were classified according to various functions including Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZymes), biosynthetic gene clusters of secondary metabolites (BGCs), and metabolic pathways associated with plant growth promotion. A. brasiliensis E_15.1 was found to degrade chitin, chitooligosaccharides, xylan, and cellulose. The genes to biosynthesize clavaric acid (a triterpene with antitumor activity) were found, thus probably having antitumor activity. In addition to the genomic analysis, a set of enzymatic assays confirmed the thermostability of extracellular xylanases and cellulases of A. brasiliensis E_15.1. The enzymatic repertoire of A. brasiliensis E_15.1 suggests that A. brasiliensis E_15.1 has a high potential for industrial application due to its thermostability and can promote plant growth at high temperatures. Finally, this strain constitutes an interesting source of terpenoids with pharmacological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Martirena-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - José Germán Serrano-Gamboa
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Yordanis Pérez-Llano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Claribel Orquídea Zenteno-Alegría
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Mario León Iza-Arteaga
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Ana María Fernández-Ocaña
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Ramón Alberto Batista-García
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Jorge Luis Folch-Mallol
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
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Liu X, Wang Y, Zhang R, Gao Y, Chen H, Dong S, Hu X. Insights into the transcriptomic mechanism and characterization of endoglucanases from Aspergillus terreus in cellulose degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130340. [PMID: 38387642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are the main industrial source of cellulases which are important in the process of converting cellulose to fermentable sugars. In this study, transcriptome analysis was conducted on Aspergillus terreus NEAU-7 cultivated using corn stover and glucose as carbon sources. Four putative endoglucanases (EG5A, EG7A, EG12A, and EG12C) from A. terreus NEAU-7 were efficiently expressed in Pichia pastoris. Among them, EG7A exhibited the highest enzyme activity (75.17 U/mg) with an optimal temperature of 40 °C and pH 5.0. EG5A and EG12A displayed specific activities of 19.92 U/mg and 14.62 U/mg, respectively, at 50 °C. EG12C showed acidophilic characteristics with an optimal pH of 3.0 and a specific activity of 12.21 U/mg at 40 °C. With CMC-Na as the substrate, the Km value of EG5A, EG7A, EG12A or, EG12C was, 11.08 ± 0.87 mg/mL, 6.82 ± 0.74 mg/mL, 7.26 ± 0.64 mg/mL, and 9.88 ± 0.86 mg/mL, with Vmax values of 1258.23 ± 51.62 μmol∙min-1∙mg-1, 842.65 ± 41.53 μmol∙min-1∙mg-1, 499.38 ± 20.42 μmol∙min-1∙mg-1, and 681.41 ± 30.08 μmol∙min-1∙mg-1, respectively. The co-treatment of EG7A with the commercial cellulase increased the yield of reducing sugar by 155.77 % (filter paper) and 130.49 % (corn stover). Molecular docking assay showed the interaction energy of EG7A with cellotetraose at -10.50 kcal/mol, surpassing EG12A (-10.43 kcal/mol), EG12C (-10.28 kcal/mol), and EG5A (-9.00 kcal/mol). Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) and Solvent Accessible Surface Area (SASA) values revealed that the presence of cellotetraose stabilized the molecular dynamics simulation of the cellotetraose-protein complex over a 100 ns time scale. This study provides valuable insights for developing recombinant enzymes and biomass degradation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yunfei Gao
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Heshu Chen
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | | | - Xiaomei Hu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Dixit M, Shukla P. Analysis of endoglucanases production using metatranscriptomics and proteomics approach. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 138:211-231. [PMID: 38220425 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The cellulases are among the most used enzyme in industries for various purposes. They add up to the green economy perspective and cost-effective production of enterprises. Biorefineries, paper industries, and textile industries are foremost in their usage. The production of endoglucanases from microorganisms is a valuable resource and can be exploited with the help of biotechnology. The present review provides some insight into the uses of endoglucanases in different industries and the potent fungal source of these enzymes. The advances in the enzyme technology has helped towards understanding some pathways to increase the production of industrial enzymes from microorganisms. The proteomics analysis and systems biology tools also help to identify these pathways for the enhanced production of such enzymes. This review deciphers the use of proteomics tools to analyze the potent microorganisms and identify suitable culture conditions to increase the output of endoglucanases. The review also includes the role of quantitative proteomics which is a powerful technique to get results faster and more timely. The role of metatranscriptomic approaches are also described which are helpful in the enzyme engineering for their efficient use under industrial conditions. Conclusively, this review helps to understand the challenges faced in the industrial use of endoglucanases and their further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Dixit
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Bernat-Camps N, Ebner K, Schusterbauer V, Fischer JE, Nieto-Taype MA, Valero F, Glieder A, Garcia-Ortega X. Enabling growth-decoupled Komagataella phaffii recombinant protein production based on the methanol-free P DH promoter. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1130583. [PMID: 37034257 PMCID: PMC10076887 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1130583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current transition towards the circular bioeconomy requires a rational development of biorefineries to sustainably fulfill the present demands. The use of Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) can meet this challenge, since it has the capability to use crude glycerol as a carbon-source, a by-product from the biodiesel industry, while producing high- and low-added value products. Recombinant protein production (RPP) using K. phaffii has often been driven either by the methanol induced AOX1 promoter (PAOX1) and/or the constitutive GAP promoter (PGAP). In the last years, strong efforts have been focused on developing novel expression systems that expand the toolbox variety of K. phaffii to efficiently produce diverse proteins that requires different strategies. In this work, a study was conducted towards the development of methanol-free expression system based on a heat-shock gene promoter (PDH) using glycerol as sole carbon source. Using this promoter, the recombinant expression is strongly induced in carbon-starving conditions. The classical PGAP was used as a benchmark, taking for both strains the lipase B from Candida antarctica (CalB) as model protein. Titer of CalB expressed under PDH outperformed PGAP controlled expression in shake-flask cultivations when using a slow-release continuous feeding technology, confirming that PDH is induced under pseudo-starving conditions. This increase was also confirmed in fed-batch cultivations. Several optimization rounds were carried out for PDH under different feeding and osmolarity conditions. In all of them the PDH controlled process outperformed the PGAP one in regard to CalB titer. The best PDH approach reached 3.6-fold more specific productivity than PGAP fed-batch at low μ. Compared to the optimum approach for PGAP-based process, the best PDH fed-batch strategy resulted in 2.3-fold higher titer, while the specific productivity was very similar. To summarize, PDH is an inducible promoter that exhibited a non-coupled growth regulation showing high performance, which provides a methanol-free additional solution to the usual growth-coupled systems for RPP. Thus, this novel system emerges as a potential alternative for K. phaffii RPP bioprocess and for revaluing crude glycerol, promoting the transition towards a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Bernat-Camps
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Miguel Angel Nieto-Taype
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francisco Valero
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria
| | | | - Xavier Garcia-Ortega
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria
- *Correspondence: Xavier Garcia-Ortega,
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Biochemical Characterization of an Endoglucanase GH7 from Thermophile Thermothielavioides terrestris Expressed on Aspergillus nidulans. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoglucanases (EC 3.2.1.4) are important enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of cellulose, acting randomly in the β-1,4-glycosidic bonds present in the amorphous regions of the polysaccharide chain. These biocatalysts have been classified into 14 glycosyl hydrolase (GH) families. The GH7 family is of particular interest since it may act on a broad range of substrates, including cellulose, β-glucan, and xylan, an attractive feature for biotechnological applications, especially in the renewable energy field. In the current work, a gene from the thermophilic fungus Thermothielavioides terrestris, encoding an endoglucanase GH7 (TtCel7B), was cloned in the secretion vector pEXPYR and transformed into the high-protein-producing strain Aspergillus nidulans A773. Purified TtCel7B has a molecular weight of approximately 66 kDa, evidenced by SDS-PAGE. Circular dichroism confirmed the high β-strand content consistent with the canonical GH7 family β-jellyroll fold, also observed in the 3D homology model of TtCel7B. Biochemical characterization assays showed that TtCel7B was active over a wide range of pH values (3.5–7.0) and temperatures (45–70 °C), with the highest activity at pH 4.0 and 65 °C. TtCel7B also was stable over a wide range of pH values (3.5–9.0), maintaining more than 80% of its activity after 24 h. The KM and Vmax values in low-viscosity carboxymethylcellulose were 9.3 mg mL−1 and 2.5 × 104 U mg−1, respectively. The results obtained in this work provide a basis for the development of applications of recombinant TtCel7B in the renewable energy field.
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Characterization of a New Glucose-Tolerant GH1 β-Glycosidase from Aspergillus fumigatus with Transglycosylation Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054489. [PMID: 36901919 PMCID: PMC10003650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Concern over environmental impacts has spurred many efforts to replace fossil fuels with biofuels such as ethanol. However, for this to be possible, it is necessary to invest in other production technologies, such as second generation (2G) ethanol, in order to raise the levels of this product and meet the growing demand. Currently, this type of production is not yet economically feasible, due to the high costs of the enzyme cocktails used in saccharification stage of lignocellulosic biomass. In order to optimize these cocktails, the search for enzymes with superior activities has been the goal of several research groups. For this end, we have characterized the new β-glycosidase AfBgl1.3 from A. fumigatus after expression and purification in Pichia pastoris X-33. Structural analysis by circular dichroism revealed that increasing temperature destructured the enzyme; the apparent Tm value was 48.5 °C. The percentages of α-helix (36.3%) and β-sheet (12.4%) secondary structures at 25 °C were predicted. Biochemical characterization suggested that the optimal conditions for AfBgl1.3 were pH 6.0 and temperature of 40 °C. At 30 and 40 °C, the enzyme was stable and retained about 90% and 50% of its activity, respectively, after pre-incubation for 24 h. In addition, the enzyme was highly stable at pH between 5 and 8, retaining over 65% of its activity after pre-incubation for 48 h. AfBgl1.3 co-stimulation with 50-250 mM glucose enhanced its specific activity by 1.4-fold and revealed its high tolerance to glucose (IC50 = 2042 mM). The enzyme was active toward the substrates salicin (495.0 ± 49.0 U mg-1), pNPG (340.5 ± 18.6 U mg-1), cellobiose (89.3 ± 5.1 U mg-1), and lactose (45.1 ± 0.5 U mg-1), so it had broad specificity. The Vmax values were 656.0 ± 17.5, 706.5 ± 23.8, and 132.6 ± 7.1 U mg-1 toward p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG), D-(-)-salicin, and cellobiose, respectively. AfBgl1.3 displayed transglycosylation activity, forming cellotriose from cellobiose. The addition of AfBgl1.3 as a supplement at 0.9 FPU/g of cocktail Celluclast® 1.5L increased carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) conversion to reducing sugars (g L-1) by about 26% after 12 h. Moreover, AfBgl1.3 acted synergistically with other Aspergillus fumigatus cellulases already characterized by our research group-CMC and sugarcane delignified bagasse were degraded, releasing more reducing sugars compared to the control. These results are important in the search for new cellulases and in the optimization of enzyme cocktails for saccharification.
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Dixit M, Shukla P. Multi-efficient endoglucanase from Aspergillus niger MPS25 and its potential applications in saccharification of wheat straw and waste paper deinking. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137298. [PMID: 36427581 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The deinking in the paper industry is in great demand, and microbial enzymes are key players. In the present study, the endoglucanase production from newly isolated fungi Aspergillus niger MPS25 is reported. The optimization of endoglucanase production was carried out using one factor at a time approach resulting in endoglucanase activity (2.37 IU/ml) at 45 °C and pH 8 in submerged fermentation (SmF), which shows optimum enzyme activity at 60 °C. Interestingly, the metal ions viz. Co2+ stimulated the endoglucanase activity, whereas Mn2+ reduced the enzyme activity, which shows that this enzyme can be used for effluent treatment released through deinking. The enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw produced 26.96 ± 0.108 mg/g of reducing sugars, indicating its potential in saccharification and the biofuel industry. Furthermore, the validation of the deinking efficiency of this enzyme resulted in improved deinking of mixed office waste and old newspapers by 31.5% and 20.4%, respectively. The strength properties, viz. burst factor and tear index, breaking length, and tensile index of the handmade paper sheets, were also improved which were analyzed by the scanning electron micrographs. The FTIR and XRD analysis of pulp provided insights into the changes in functional groups and cellulose crystallinity, respectively. These results indicate that multi-efficient endoglucanase from Aspergillus niger MPS25 is suitable for enzyme-based eco-friendly deinking for waste paper recycling and lignocellulosic biomass saccharification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Dixit
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India; Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Mohammadi S, Tarrahimofrad H, Arjmand S, Zamani J, Haghbeen K, Aminzadeh S. Expression, characterization, and activity optimization of a novel cellulase from the thermophilic bacteria Cohnella sp. A01. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10301. [PMID: 35717508 PMCID: PMC9206686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14651-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulases are hydrolytic enzymes with wide scientific and industrial applications. We described a novel cellulase, CelC307, from the thermophilic indigenous Cohnella sp. A01. The 3-D structure of the CelC307 was predicted by comparative modeling. Docking of CelC307 with specific inhibitors and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation revealed that these ligands bound in a non-competitive manner. The CelC307 protein was purified and characterized after recombinant expression in Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21. Using CMC 1% as the substrate, the thermodynamic values were determined as Km 0.46 mM, kcat 104.30 × 10-3 (S-1), and kcat/Km 226.73 (M-1 S-1). The CelC307 was optimally active at 40 °C and pH 7.0. The culture condition was optimized for improved CelC307 expression using Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design as follows: temperature 20 °C, pH 7.5, and inoculation concentration with an OD600 = 1. The endoglucanase activity was positively modulated in the presence of Na+, Li+, Ca2+, 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), and glycerol. The thermodynamic parameters calculated for CelC307 confirmed its inherent thermostability. The characterized CelC307 may be a suitable candidate for various biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Mohammadi
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Tarrahimofrad
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Arjmand
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Zamani
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamahldin Haghbeen
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aminzadeh
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.
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Espinheira RP, Rocha VAL, Guimarães TM, Oliveira CA, de Souza MF, Domont GB, Nogueira FCS, Teixeira RSS, Bon EPDS, Silva ASD. Aspergillus awamori endoglucanase-rich supernatant enhances lignocellulosic biomass liquefaction in high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Mustafa M, Ali L, Islam W, Noman A, Zhou C, Shen L, Zhu T, Can L, Nasif O, Gasparovic K, latif F, Gao J. Heterologous expression and characterization of glycoside hydrolase with its potential applications in hyperthermic environment. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:751-757. [PMID: 35197741 PMCID: PMC8847942 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
With the progressive focus on renewable energy via biofuels production from lignocellulosic biomass, cellulases are the key enzymes that play a fundamental role in this regard. This study aims to unravel the characteristics of Thermotoga maritima MSB8 (Tma) (a hyperthermophile from hot springs) thermostable glycoside hydrolase enzyme. Here, a glycoside hydrolase gene of Thermotoga maritima (Tma) was heterologously expressed and characterized. The gene was placed in the pQE-30 expression vector under the T5 promotor, and the construct pQE-30-Gh was then successfully integrated into Escherichia coli BL21 (DH5α) genome by transformation. Sequence of the glycoside hydrolase contained an open reading frame of 2.124 kbp, encoded a polypeptide of 721 amino acid residues. The molecular weight of the recombinant protein estimated was 79 kDa. The glycoside hydrolase was purified by Ni+2-NTA affinity chromatography and its enzymatic activity was investigated. The recombinant enzyme is highly stable within an extreme pH range (2.0–7.0) and highly thermostable at 80 °C for 72 h indicating its viability in hyperthermic environment and acidic nature. Moreover, the Ca2+ and Mn2+ introduction stimulated the residual activity of recombinant enzyme. Conclusively, the thermostable glycoside hydrolase possesses potential to be exploited for industrial applications at hyperthermic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mustafa
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Ali
- Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Waqar Islam
- College of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Chengzeng Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Linsong Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Taoting Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Liu Can
- College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Omaima Nasif
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Medical City, PO Box-2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kristina Gasparovic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, A.Hlinku 2, 94976, Slovakia
| | - Farooq latif
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Jiangtao Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Corresponding author at: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Biorefinery Gets Hot: Thermophilic Enzymes and Microorganisms for Second-Generation Bioethanol Production. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To mitigate the current global energy and the environmental crisis, biofuels such as bioethanol have progressively gained attention from both scientific and industrial perspectives. However, at present, commercialized bioethanol is mainly derived from edible crops, thus raising serious concerns given its competition with feed production. For this reason, lignocellulosic biomasses (LCBs) have been recognized as important alternatives for bioethanol production. Because LCBs supply is sustainable, abundant, widespread, and cheap, LCBs-derived bioethanol currently represents one of the most viable solutions to meet the global demand for liquid fuel. However, the cost-effective conversion of LCBs into ethanol remains a challenge and its implementation has been hampered by several bottlenecks that must still be tackled. Among other factors related to the challenging and variable nature of LCBs, we highlight: (i) energy-demanding pretreatments, (ii) expensive hydrolytic enzyme blends, and (iii) the need for microorganisms that can ferment mixed sugars. In this regard, thermophiles represent valuable tools to overcome some of these limitations. Thus, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art technologies involved, such as the use of thermophilic enzymes and microorganisms in industrial-relevant conditions, and to propose possible means to implement thermophiles into second-generation ethanol biorefineries that are already in operation.
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Calderaro F, Bevers LE, van den Berg MA. Oxidative Power: Tools for Assessing LPMO Activity on Cellulose. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081098. [PMID: 34439765 PMCID: PMC8391687 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) have sparked a lot of research regarding their fascinating mode-of-action. Particularly, their boosting effect on top of the well-known cellulolytic enzymes in lignocellulosic hydrolysis makes them industrially relevant targets. As more characteristics of LPMO and its key role have been elucidated, the need for fast and reliable methods to assess its activity have become clear. Several aspects such as its co-substrates, electron donors, inhibiting factors, and the inhomogeneity of lignocellulose had to be considered during experimental design and data interpretation, as they can impact and often hamper outcomes. This review provides an overview of the currently available methods to measure LPMO activity, including their potential and limitations, and it is illustrated with practical examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Calderaro
- DSM Biotechnology Center, 2613 AX Delft, The Netherlands; (L.E.B.); (M.A.v.d.B.)
- Molecular Enzymolog y Group, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-6-36028569
| | - Loes E. Bevers
- DSM Biotechnology Center, 2613 AX Delft, The Netherlands; (L.E.B.); (M.A.v.d.B.)
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13
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A Thermophilic GH5 Endoglucanase from Aspergillus fumigatus and Its Synergistic Hydrolysis of Mannan-Containing Polysaccharides. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11070862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we isolated and identified a thermophilic strain of Aspergillus fumigatus from the “Daqu” samples. Transcriptomic analysis of A. fumigatus identified 239 carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZy)-encoding genes, including 167 glycoside hydrolase (GH)-encoding genes, 58 glycosyltransferase (GT)-encoding genes, 2 polysaccharide lyase (PLs)-encoding genes and 12 carbohydrate esterase (CEs)-encoding genes, which indicates that the strain has a strong potential for application for enzyme production. Furthermore, we also identified a novel endoglucanase gene (AfCel5A), which was expressed in Pichia pastoris and characterized. The novel endoglucanase AfCel5A exhibited the highest hydrolytic activity against CMC-Na and the optimal activity at 80 °C and pH 4.0 and also showed good stability at pH 3.0–11.0 and below 70 °C. The Km and Vmax values of AfCel5 were 0.16 ± 0.05 mg·mL−1 and 7.23 ± 0.33 mol mg−1·min−1, respectively, using CMC-Na as a substrate. Further, the endoglucanase exhibited a high tolerance toward NaCl as well as glucose. In addition, the finding that the endoglucanase AfCel5A in combination with β-mannanse (ManBK) clearly increased the release of total reducing sugars of glucomannan by up to 74% is significant.
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14
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Sethupathy S, Morales GM, Li Y, Wang Y, Jiang J, Sun J, Zhu D. Harnessing microbial wealth for lignocellulose biomass valorization through secretomics: a review. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:154. [PMID: 34225772 PMCID: PMC8256616 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass is a major constraint to its high-value use at industrial scale. In nature, microbes play a crucial role in biomass degradation, nutrient recycling and ecosystem functioning. Therefore, the use of microbes is an attractive way to transform biomass to produce clean energy and high-value compounds. The microbial degradation of lignocelluloses is a complex process which is dependent upon multiple secreted enzymes and their synergistic activities. The availability of the cutting edge proteomics and highly sensitive mass spectrometry tools make possible for researchers to probe the secretome of microbes and microbial consortia grown on different lignocelluloses for the identification of hydrolytic enzymes of industrial interest and their substrate-dependent expression. This review summarizes the role of secretomics in identifying enzymes involved in lignocelluloses deconstruction, the development of enzyme cocktails and the construction of synthetic microbial consortia for biomass valorization, providing our perspectives to address the current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasamy Sethupathy
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gabriel Murillo Morales
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongli Wang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daochen Zhu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Pramanik S, Semenova MV, M Rozhkova A, Zorov IN, Korotkova O, Sinitsyn AP, Davari MD. An engineered cellobiohydrolase I for sustainable degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4014-4027. [PMID: 34196389 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study provides computational-assisted engineering of the cellobiohydrolase I (CBH-I) from Penicillium verruculosum with simultaneous enhanced thermostability and tolerance in ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvent, and concentrated seawater without affecting its wild-type activity. Engineered triple variant CBH-I R1 (A65R-G415R-S181F) showed 2.48-fold higher thermostability in terms of relative activity at 65°C after 1 h of incubation when compared with CBH-I wild type. CBH-I R1 exhibited 1.87-fold, 1.36-fold, and 1.57-fold higher specific activities compared with CBH-I wild type in [Bmim]Cl (50 g/L), [Ch]Cl (50 g/L), and two-fold concentrated seawater, respectively. In the multicellulases mixture, CBH-I R1 showed higher hydrolytic efficiency to hydrolyze aspen wood compared with CBH-I wild type in the buffer, [Bmim]Cl (50 g/L), and two-fold concentrated seawater, respectively. Structural analysis revealed a molecular basis for the higher stability of the CBH-I structure in which A65R and G415R substitutions form salt bridges (D64 … R65, E411 … R415) and S181F forms π-π interaction (Y155 … F181), leading to stabilize surface-exposed flexible α-helixes and loop in the multidomain β-jelly roll fold structure, respectively. In conclusion, the variant CBH-I R1 could enable efficient lignocellulosic biomass degradation as a cost-effective alternative for the sustainable production of biofuels and value-added chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Pramanik
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Margarita V Semenova
- Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandra M Rozhkova
- Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan N Zorov
- Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Korotkova
- Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arkady P Sinitsyn
- Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mehdi D Davari
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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16
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Karnaouri A, Zerva A, Christakopoulos P, Topakas E. Screening of Recombinant Lignocellulolytic Enzymes Through Rapid Plate Assays. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2178:479-503. [PMID: 33128767 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0775-6_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the search for novel biomass-degrading enzymes through mining microbial genomes, it is necessary to apply functional tests during high-throughput screenings, which are capable of detecting enzymatic activities directly by way of plate assay. Using the most efficient expression systems of Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris, the production of a high amount of His-tagged recombinant proteins could be thrived, allowing the one-step isolation by affinity chromatography. Here, we describe simple and efficient assay techniques for the detection of various biomass-degrading enzymatic activities on agar plates, such as cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic, and ligninolytic activities and their isolation using immobilized-metal affinity chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthi Karnaouri
- Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Synthesis and Development of Industrial Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Zerva
- Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Synthesis and Development of Industrial Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Evangelos Topakas
- Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Synthesis and Development of Industrial Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
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17
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Lekakarn H, Bunterngsook B, Laothanachareon T, Champreda V. Functional characterization of endoglucanase (CelB) isolated from lignocellulose-degrading microbial consortium for biomass saccharification. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Bernardi AV, Gerolamo LE, de Gouvêa PF, Yonamine DK, Pereira LMS, de Oliveira AHC, Uyemura SA, Dinamarco TM. LPMO AfAA9_B and Cellobiohydrolase AfCel6A from A. fumigatus Boost Enzymatic Saccharification Activity of Cellulase Cocktail. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E276. [PMID: 33383972 PMCID: PMC7795096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass, where it is interlinked with lignin and hemicellulose. Bioethanol can be produced from biomass. Since breaking down biomass is difficult, cellulose-active enzymes secreted by filamentous fungi play an important role in degrading recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass. We characterized a cellobiohydrolase (AfCel6A) and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase LPMO (AfAA9_B) from Aspergillus fumigatus after they were expressed in Pichia pastoris and purified. The biochemical parameters suggested that the enzymes were stable; the optimal temperature was ~60 °C. Further characterization revealed high turnover numbers (kcat of 147.9 s-1 and 0.64 s-1, respectively). Surprisingly, when combined, AfCel6A and AfAA9_B did not act synergistically. AfCel6A and AfAA9_B association inhibited AfCel6A activity, an outcome that needs to be further investigated. However, AfCel6A or AfAA9_B addition boosted the enzymatic saccharification activity of a cellulase cocktail and the activity of cellulase Af-EGL7. Enzymatic cocktail supplementation with AfCel6A or AfAA9_B boosted the yield of fermentable sugars from complex substrates, especially sugarcane exploded bagasse, by up to 95%. The synergism between the cellulase cocktail and AfAA9_B was enzyme- and substrate-specific, which suggests a specific enzymatic cocktail for each biomass by up to 95%. The synergism between the cellulase cocktail and AfAA9_B was enzyme- and substrate-specific, which suggests a specific enzymatic cocktail for each biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Vianna Bernardi
- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (A.V.B.); (L.E.G.); (P.F.d.G.); (D.K.Y.); (L.M.S.P.); (A.H.C.d.O.)
| | - Luis Eduardo Gerolamo
- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (A.V.B.); (L.E.G.); (P.F.d.G.); (D.K.Y.); (L.M.S.P.); (A.H.C.d.O.)
| | - Paula Fagundes de Gouvêa
- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (A.V.B.); (L.E.G.); (P.F.d.G.); (D.K.Y.); (L.M.S.P.); (A.H.C.d.O.)
| | - Deborah Kimie Yonamine
- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (A.V.B.); (L.E.G.); (P.F.d.G.); (D.K.Y.); (L.M.S.P.); (A.H.C.d.O.)
| | - Lucas Matheus Soares Pereira
- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (A.V.B.); (L.E.G.); (P.F.d.G.); (D.K.Y.); (L.M.S.P.); (A.H.C.d.O.)
| | - Arthur Henrique Cavalcante de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (A.V.B.); (L.E.G.); (P.F.d.G.); (D.K.Y.); (L.M.S.P.); (A.H.C.d.O.)
| | - Sérgio Akira Uyemura
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, Brazil;
| | - Taisa Magnani Dinamarco
- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (A.V.B.); (L.E.G.); (P.F.d.G.); (D.K.Y.); (L.M.S.P.); (A.H.C.d.O.)
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19
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Dodda SR, Sarkar N, Jain P, Aikat K, Mukhopadhyay SS. Improved catalytic activity and stability of cellobiohydrolase (Cel6A) from the Aspergillus fumigatus by rational design. Protein Eng Des Sel 2020; 33:5892787. [PMID: 32930798 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cheap production of glucose is the current challenge for the production of cheap bioethanol. Ideal protein engineering approaches are required for improving the efficiency of the members of the cellulase, the enzyme complex involved in the saccharification process of cellulose. An attempt was made to improve the efficiency of the cellobiohydrolase (Cel6A), the important member of the cellulase isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus (AfCel6A). Structure-based variants of AfCel6A were designed. Amino acids surrounding the catalytic site and conserved residues in the cellulose-binding domain were targeted (N449V, N168G, Y50W and W24YW32Y). I mutant 3 server was used to identify the potential variants based on the free energy values (∆∆G). In silico structural analyses and molecular dynamics simulations evaluated the potentiality of the variants for increasing thermostability and catalytic activity of Cel6A. Further enzyme studies with purified protein identified the N449V is highly thermo stable (60°C) and pH tolerant (pH 5–7). Kinetic studies with Avicel determined that substrate affinity of N449V (Km =0.90 ± 0.02) is higher than the wild type (1.17 ± 0.04) and the catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km) of N449V is ~2-fold higher than wild type. All these results suggested that our strategy for the development of recombinant enzyme is a right approach for protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subba Reddy Dodda
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Nibedita Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Piyush Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Kaustav Aikat
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudit S Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
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20
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Hu X, Fan G, Liao H, Fu Z, Ma C, Ni H, Li X. Optimized soluble expression of a novel endoglucanase from Burkholderia pyrrocinia in Escherichia coli. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:387. [PMID: 32832337 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pyrrocinia B1213, a novel microbe isolated from a Baijiu-producing environment, displayed strong cellulolytic activity on agar plates with glucan as the carbon source and had an activity of 674.5 U/mL after culturing with barley. Genome annotation of B. pyrrocinia identificated a single endoglucanase (EG)-encoding gene, designated as BpEG01790. The endoglucanase BpEG01790 shows 98.28% sequence similarity with an endo-β-1,4-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) from Burkholderia stabilis belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 8 (GH8). The gene BpEG01790 has an open reading frame of 1218 bp encoding a 406 amino acid (AA) residue protein (43.0 kDa) with a 40-AA signal peptide. BpEG01790 was successfully cloned into pET28a( +) with and without the signal peptide; however, attempts to overexpress this protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells using this expression system failed. BpEG01790 was also cloned into the pCold TF vector. Active BpEG01790 was successfully overexpressed with or without the signal peptide using the pCold TF vector expression system and E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells. Overexpression of recombinant BpEG01790 without the signal peptide was higher compared with the construct that included the signal peptide. Optimization of culture conditions improved the enzyme activity by 12.5-fold. This is the first report describing the heterologous soluble overexpression of an EG belonging to GH8 from B. pyrrocinia using TF as a molecular chaperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Hu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Yindou Road, Jimei District, Xiamen, 361021 Fujian China
| | - Guangsen Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), No 11 Fucheng Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Hui Liao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Yindou Road, Jimei District, Xiamen, 361021 Fujian China
| | - Zhilei Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Chao Ma
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Yindou Road, Jimei District, Xiamen, 361021 Fujian China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), No 11 Fucheng Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048 China
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