1
|
Esatbeyoglu T, Sarikaya Aydin S, Gültekin Subasi B, Erskine E, Gök R, Ibrahim SA, Yilmaz B, Özogul F, Capanoglu E. Additional advances related to the health benefits associated with kombucha consumption. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024; 64:6102-6119. [PMID: 36660921 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2163373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Kombucha is a fermented, acidic beverage that dates back thousands of years as a remedy for various health problems in East Asia. Due to its health benefits, kombucha has gained popularity and attracted the attention of both consumers and researchers. The health benefits of kombucha are predominantly attributed to its bioactive compounds that have antioxidant, antimicrobial, probiotic, and other positive effects owing to fermentation. Many factors such as the type of the substrate used, the symbiotic culture of the bacterial yeast composition, and fermentation conditions influence the extent of these properties. This review focuses on recent developments regarding the bioactive constituents of kombucha and its potential health benefits (antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective effects) as well as its impact on multiple sclerosis, nephrotoxicity, gastric ulceration and gut microbiota. Additionally, the composition of kombucha, alternative uses of its biofilm, and potential toxicity are also discussed. Kombucha is a healthy and safe beverage with multiple health benefits that are primarily related to the presence of bacteria, yeasts, and other bioactive constituents. Moreover, kombucha has been suggested as a potential source of probiotics and eco-friendly materials (kombucha-derived bacterial cellulose) for several industries including food and textile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Secil Sarikaya Aydin
- Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Büsra Gültekin Subasi
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Hafik Kamer Ornek MYO, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Erskine
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Recep Gök
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Salam A Ibrahim
- Food and Nutritional Sciences Program, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Birsen Yilmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Fatih Özogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Batista P, Rodrigues Penas M, Vila-Real C, Pintado M, Oliveira-Silva P. Kombucha: Challenges for Health and Mental Health. Foods 2023; 12:3378. [PMID: 37761087 PMCID: PMC10530084 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing research into probiotics is showing potential benefits for health in general and mental health in particular. Kombucha is a recent beverage and can be considered a probiotic drink, but little is known about its effects on physical and mental health. This product is experiencing growth in the market; however, there are no scientific results to support its potential for physical and mental health. AIM This review article aims to draw attention to this issue and to highlight the lack of studies in this area. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS The lack of legislation for the correct marketing of this product may also constrain clinical studies. However, clinical studies are of utmost importance for an in-depth understanding of the effects of this product on the human body. More research is needed, not only to better understand the impact of Kombucha on the human body, but also to ensure the application of regulatory guidelines for its production and marketing and enable its safe and effective consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Batista
- Research Centre for Human Development, Human Neurobehavioural Laboratory, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.P.); (P.O.-S.)
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.-R.); (M.P.)
| | - Maria Rodrigues Penas
- Research Centre for Human Development, Human Neurobehavioural Laboratory, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.P.); (P.O.-S.)
| | - Catarina Vila-Real
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.-R.); (M.P.)
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.-R.); (M.P.)
| | - Patrícia Oliveira-Silva
- Research Centre for Human Development, Human Neurobehavioural Laboratory, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.P.); (P.O.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Peng X, Yang S, Liu Y, Ren K, Tian T, Tong X, Dai S, Lyu B, Yu A, Wang H, Jiang L. Application of kombucha combined with fructo-oligosaccharides in soy milk: Colony composition, antioxidant capacity, and flavor relationship. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
|
4
|
Xu J, Wei Y, Huang Y, Wei X. Regulatory Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Tea and Its Active Compounds on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3103-3124. [PMID: 36773311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease, is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction between environment, genetic background, and metabolic stress. Most treatments for NAFLD include dietary intervention and exercise show limited efficacy due to the complex mechanisms involved in NAFLD. Meanwhile, drug therapy is accompanied by serious side effects. The development of high-efficiency natural supplements is a sustainable strategy for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. As the second most consumed beverage, tea has health benefits that have been widely recognized. Nevertheless, the intervention of tea active compounds in NAFLD has received limited attention. Tea contains abundant bioactive compounds with potential effects on NAFLD, such as catechins, flavonoids, theanine, tea pigments, and tea polysaccharides. We reviewed the intrinsic and environmental factors and pathogenic mechanisms that affect the occurrence and development of NAFLD, and summarized the influences of exercise, drugs, diet, and tea drinking on NAFLD. On this basis, we further analyzed the potential effects and molecular regulatory mechanisms of tea active compounds on NAFLD and proposed future development directions. This review hopes to provide novel insights into the development and application of tea active compounds in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yang Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yi Huang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xinlin Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fermented Black Tea and Its Relationship with Gut Microbiota and Obesity: A Mini Review. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fermentation is one of the world’s oldest techniques for food preservation, nutrient enhancement, and alcohol manufacturing. During fermentation, carbohydrates such as glucose and starch are converted into other molecules, such as alcohol and acid, anaerobically through enzymatic action while generating energy for the microorganism or cells involved. Black tea is among the most popular fermented beverages; it is made from the dried tea leaves of the evergreen shrub plant known as Camellia sinensis. The adequate consumption of black tea is beneficial to health as it contains high levels of flavanols, also known as catechins, which act as effective antioxidants and are responsible for protecting the body against the development of illnesses, such as inflammation, diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and obesity. The prevalence of obesity is a severe public health concern associated with the incidence of various serious diseases and is now increasing, including in Malaysia. Advances in ‘omic’ research have allowed researchers to identify the pivotal role of the gut microbiota in the development of obesity. This review explores fermented black tea and its correlation with the regulation of the gut microbiota and obesity.
Collapse
|
6
|
Fermentation performance, nutrient composition, and flavor volatiles in soy milk after mixed culture fermentation. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
7
|
Kombucha: Perceptions and Future Prospects. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131977. [PMID: 35804792 PMCID: PMC9265386 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Kombucha is an increasingly consumed product classified as a nutraceutical. Legislative efforts about these products remain confusing and without global harmonization. This natural product has been developed to improve or promote physical and mental health. However, it needs regulatory guidelines to control the production and guarantee the product’s efficacy and safety. Aim: The study intends to draw attention to the need for regulatory guidelines and the potential of this product in the market and peoples’ health. Key findings and conclusions: The lack of regulation and the low level of literacy about this product can limit its development, marketing, and impact on health. Thus, it is essential to highlight the potential value of this product and invest in its development and marketing. Likewise, it is important to spread awareness among the population of these products and their impacts on people’s health. Thus, this study focuses on a pertinent theme and alerts to the need for legislation for these products, to draw attention to the inexistent legislative control and the consequent need for regulatory guidelines for better and safer production and consumption.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wen S, An R, Li ZG, Lai ZX, Li DL, Cao JX, Chen RH, Zhang WJ, Li QH, Lai XF, Sun SL, Sun LL. Citrus maxima and tea regulate AMPK signaling pathway to retard the progress of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:7652. [PMID: 35757439 PMCID: PMC9199835 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.7652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disease that easily induces hepatitis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. The long-term use of NAFLD therapeutic drugs produces toxicity and drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop high efficiency and low-toxicity active ingredients to alleviate NAFLD. Objective This study aimed to reveal the role and mechanism of a new functional food CMT in alleviating NAFLD. Results In the ob/ob fatty liver mice models, the CMT extracts significantly inhibited the weight gain of the mice and reduced the accumulation of white fat. The anatomical and pathological results showed that CMT relieved fatty liver in mice and reduced excessive lipid deposition and inflammatory infiltration. Serological and liver biochemical indicators suggest that CMT reduced dyslipidemia and liver damage caused by fatty liver. CMT obviously activated the adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/acetyl-coA carboxylase (ACC) and AMPK/fatty acid synthase (FAS) signaling pathways, promoted fat oxidation, and inhibited synthesis. Moreover, CMT regulated the expression of inflammatory factors to relieve hepatitis caused by NAFLD. Conclusion The study explained the role and mechanism of CMT in alleviating NAFLD and suggested that the active ingredients of CMT might be beneficial in NAFLD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ran An
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Lai
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Li Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, China
| | - Jun-Xi Cao
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruo-Hong Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Ji Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Hua Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Fei Lai
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Li Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Li Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kombucha fermentation in blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) beverage and its in vivo gastroprotective effect: Preliminary study. FUTURE FOODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
10
|
Abstract
Kombucha is a carbonated, slightly acidic beverage traditionally produced by the fermentation of sweetened tea by a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). The microbial community of kombucha is a complex one, whose dynamics are still not fully understood; however, the emergence of culture-independent techniques has allowed a more comprehensive insight into kombucha microbiota. In recent times, advancements have been made towards the optimisation of the fermentation process, including the use of alternative substrates, defined starter cultures and the modification of fermentation parameters, with the aim of producing an innovative beverage that is improved in terms of its physiochemical, sensory and bioactive properties. The global kombucha market is rapidly increasing, with the rising popularity of the tea attributed in part to its purported health benefits, despite the lack of research in human subjects to substantiate such claims. Accordingly, the incidence of kombucha home-brewing has increased, meaning there is a requirement for individuals to recognise the potential hazards associated with fermentation and the relevant preventative measures to be undertaken to ensure the safe preparation of kombucha. The aim of this review is to provide an update regarding the current knowledge of kombucha production, microbiology, safety and marketing.
Collapse
|
11
|
Health effects and probiotic and prebiotic potential of Kombucha: A bibliometric and systematic review. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
12
|
Kocot AM, Wróblewska B. Fermented products and bioactive food compounds as a tool to activate autophagy and promote the maintenance of the intestinal barrier function. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
13
|
Cardoso RR, Moreira LDPD, de Campos Costa MA, Toledo RCL, Grancieri M, Nascimento TPD, Ferreira MSL, da Matta SLP, Eller MR, Duarte Martino HS, de Barros FAR. Kombuchas from green and black teas reduce oxidative stress, liver steatosis and inflammation, and improve glucose metabolism in Wistar rats fed a high-fat high-fructose diet. Food Funct 2021; 12:10813-10827. [PMID: 34617537 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02106k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of green and black tea kombuchas consumption on adiposity, lipid and glucose metabolism, liver steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in Wistar rats fed a high-fat high-fructose (HFHF) diet. Wistar rats, after 8 weeks to induce metabolic alterations, were divided into an AIN-93M control group, HFHF control group, green tea kombucha + HFHF diet (GTK group), and black tea kombucha + HFHF diet (BTK group), for 10 weeks. The kombuchas improved glucose metabolism, plasma total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity, and decreased nitric oxide concentration. Moreover, both kombuchas reduced systemic inflammation by decreasing the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), reduced the total adipose tissue and blood triglyceride, and reverted liver steatosis (from grade 2 to 1), besides the modulation of genes related to adipogenesis and β-oxidation. Therefore, kombuchas from green and black teas have bioactive properties that can help control metabolic alterations induced by the HFHF diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mariana Grancieri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Vicosa, Vicosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Talita Pimenta do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Bioactives, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Simões Larraz Ferreira
- Laboratory of Bioactives, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Center for Innovation in Mass Spectrometry, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Monique Renon Eller
- Department of Food Technology, Federal University of Vicosa, Vicosa-MG, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Arjunolic acid from Cyclocarya paliurus ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via activating Sirt1/AMPK, triggering autophagy and improving gut barrier function. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
|
15
|
Salehi S, Sadeghi A, Karimi A. Growth performance, nutrients digestibility, caecum microbiota, antioxidant status and immunity of broilers as influenced by kombucha fermented on white sugar or sugar beet molasses. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1941335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Salehi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
- Department of Animal Science, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amirali Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ahmad Karimi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang P, Feng Z, Sang X, Chen W, Zhang X, Xiao J, Chen Y, Chen Q, Yang M, Su J. Kombucha ameliorates LPS-induced sepsis in a mouse model. Food Funct 2021; 12:10263-10280. [PMID: 34549751 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01839f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As a popular traditional fermented beverage, kombucha has been extensively studied for its health benefits. However, the science behind the anti-inflammatory effect of kombucha has not been well studied, and there is an urgent need to uncover the secrets of the anti-inflammatory properties of kombucha. Here, we investigate kombucha's protective effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis and on the intestinal microecology in mice. The contents of reducing sugars, polyphenols, catechins, and organic acids in the kombucha group were identified using various methods. The results showed that the concentrations of acetic acid, gluconic acid, polyphenol, and glucuronic acid in the kombucha group were 55.70 ± 2.57 g L-1, 50.20 ± 1.92 g L-1, 2.36 ± 0.31, and 1.39 ± 0.22 g L-1, respectively. The result also demonstrated that kombucha effectively improves the survival rate from 0% to 40%, and increases the thermoregulation in LPS-treated mice, which showed decreased mobility and had lost their appetite for food. Furthermore, kombucha reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukins (IL)-1β and IL-6, restored the levels of T cells and macrophages in LPS-challenged mice, alleviated the histopathological damage, and inhibited NF-κB signaling in mice with LPS-induced sepsis. We demonstrated that kombucha effectively prevents cellular immune function disorder in mice at the initial stage of sepsis and exerts an immunomodulatory effect. In addition, the effect of kombucha on the gut microbiota was investigated during sepsis. Kombucha supplementation altered the diversity of the gut microbiota and promoted the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria, which exert anti-inflammatory effects. Our results illustrate the potential of kombucha as a novel anti-inflammatory agent against the development of systemic inflammatory responses associated with sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Zhihua Feng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China. .,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Xiao Sang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Wenzhi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China. .,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Xiaoni Zhang
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Xiao
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youqiang Chen
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China. .,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Minhe Yang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China. .,College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mahmoud GS, Hosny G, Sayed SA. Hepatoprotective effect of trypsin/chymotrypsin against olanzapine-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:1088-1096. [PMID: 34473596 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic side effects of atypical antipsychotics are an important cause of deterioration of cognitive function and failure of drug adherence. The antifatty effect trypsin/chymotrypsin (T/C) and their mechanisms of action remain unclear. To investigate possible therapeutic effect of T/C in rat model of chronic olanzapine (OLZ) - induced hepatic steatosis. Twenty rats were divided into two groups: control (C), given distilled water, and O, given 1 mg/kg of OLZ orally daily for 7 weeks. Then, both groups were given T/C 3 enzyme activity unit (EAU)/kg orally as an add-on treatment daily for the next 5 weeks and were named T/C or T/C+O groups. Rat performance in radial arm water maze was tested twice before and after T/C treatment. We measured liver enzymes, alpha-1 antitrypsin, albumin, total protein, direct and total bilirubin, inflammatory cytokines, and lipoprotein serum levels. Liver samples were collected for histopathology and Ki67 expression. The T/C add-on caused significant reduction in OLZ-induced elevation of alanine transaminase (ALT; P < 0.01), aspartate transaminase (AST; P < 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (ALP; P < 0.05), total cholesterol (Tc; P < 0.01), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-c; P < 0.05), steatosis score (P < 0.001), hepatocyte necrosis (P < 0.01), and significantly increased Ki67 expression (P < 0.01). The T/C add-on to OLZ provided protection against hepatic steatosis, elevated enzymes, and disturbed lipid profile and increased Ki67 without disturbing memory function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada S Mahmoud
- Departments of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ghada Hosny
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sally A Sayed
- Departments of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Urrutia MAD, Ramos AG, Menegusso RB, Lenz RD, Ramos MG, Tarone AG, Cazarin CBB, Cottica SM, da Silva SAV, Bernardi DM. Effects of supplementation with kombucha and green banana flour on Wistar rats fed with a cafeteria diet. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07081. [PMID: 34041411 PMCID: PMC8144004 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction With the increase of chronic diseases as a consequence of the population's eating habits, there is also a growing interest in foods rich in bioactive compounds capable of mitigating these diseases. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with kombucha and green banana flour (GBF) on Wistar rats fed with cafeteria diet (CAF). Methods The animals were randomized into five groups of seven animals each, which were fed with the following diets: Treatment 1 (T1): Control treatment/commercial feed; Treatment 2 (T2): cafeteria diet (CAF); Treatment 3 (T3): CAF + kombucha; Treatment 4 (T4): CAF + green banana flour (GBF); Treatment 5 (T5): CAF + GBF + kombucha. Daily weight gain, daily food consumption, feed conversion, blood glucose, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, liver enzymes, antioxidant activity, and body composition were evaluated. Results T5 presented lower feed intake and less weight gain. Liver histology revealed vacuolization in all treatments except T1, which was confirmed by the results of liver enzymes. There was no increase in blood glucose, and changes were observed in the lipid profile of the animals. T1 had the lowest body fat and the highest protein levels. Differences were observed for the antioxidant capacity in the liver of animals among treatments. Conclusion The intake of cafeteria diet altered the lipid and liver profile of the animals and the consumption of kombucha and GBF did not prevent these changes. The high polyphenols level of kombucha did not exert a hepatoprotective effect as an antioxidant. However, this supplementation generated greater satiety in the animals, leading to less weight gain until the end of the experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Gemelli Ramos
- Centro Universitário Fundação Assis Gurgacz, Avenida da Torres, 500, Cascavel, PR, CEP: 85806 - 096, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Beatriz Menegusso
- Centro Universitário Fundação Assis Gurgacz, Avenida da Torres, 500, Cascavel, PR, CEP: 85806 - 096, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dewes Lenz
- Centro Universitário Fundação Assis Gurgacz, Avenida da Torres, 500, Cascavel, PR, CEP: 85806 - 096, Brazil
| | - Mateus Gemelli Ramos
- Federal University of Parana, Rua XV de Novembro, 1299, Centro, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 80060-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana Gadioli Tarone
- University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, SP, Caixa Postal: 6121, CEP: 13.083-862, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, SP, Caixa Postal: 6121, CEP: 13.083-862, Brazil
| | - Solange Maria Cottica
- Federal Technological University of Parana, Rua Cristo Rei, 19, Vila Becker, Toledo, PR, CEP: 85902-490, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Miotto Bernardi
- Centro Universitário Fundação Assis Gurgacz, Avenida da Torres, 500, Cascavel, PR, CEP: 85806 - 096, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang N, Qu Y, Qin B. Sodium butyrate ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by upregulating miR-150 to suppress CXCR4 expression. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:1125-1136. [PMID: 33721354 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sodium butyrate (NaB) in the gut of animals possesses the potential to modulate lipid metabolism, regulate innate immunity and protect intestinal health. Accumulating data have supported the important function of metabolites of intestinal microflora (MIM) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study intended to investigate the role of NaB in NAFLD and its specific mechanism. Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to establish the NAFLD mouse model. The mice were intragastrically administrated MIM (200 µL/day) or NaB (200 mg/kg/day) by gavage for another 8 weeks. The morphology of liver tissues was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the lipid deposition of liver tissues was examined by oil red O staining. The NAFLD cell model was constructed in alpha mouse liver 12 (AML12) cells by 24 hours of stimulation with 0.5 mM free fatty acids. After treatment with 10 mM NaB, AML12 cells were transfected with mimic-miR-150 or inhibitor-miR-150. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to measure the contents of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and the expression of microRNA (miR)-150 and CXCR4 in liver tissues of mice and in AML12 cells. A luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify the binding relationship between miR-150 and CXCR4. The H&E and oil red O staining results showed hepatic steatosis in the liver tissues of HFD-fed mice. There were elevated contents of triacylglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose, enhanced activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST), increased homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance scores and increased inflammatory responses in the serum of HFD-fed mice. However, intervention with MIM or NaB reversed the above trends, indicating that MIM or NaB intervention relieved hepatic steatosis in mice. HFD-fed mice had downregulated expression of miR-150, whereas the expression level was upregulated after MIM or NaB treatment. Sodium butyrate attenuated NAFLD progression by regulating miR-150. MiR-150 can negatively target CXCR4. Sodium butyrate mitigates HFD-induced NAFLD in mice by upregulating miR-150 expression to downregulate CXCR4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,General Practice, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunfei Qu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Qin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gu Y, Liu X, Liao L, Gao Y, Shi Y, Ni J, He G. Relationship between lipid metabolism and Hedgehog signaling pathway. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 209:105825. [PMID: 33529733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is highly conserved signaling pathway in cells. Steroids was found to play a vital role in Hh signaling pathway and aberrant Hh signaling was found to lead a series of disease correlate with abnormal lipid metabolism. This paper aimed to elucidate the relationship between lipid metabolism and Hedgehog signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- University of Toledo Medical Center 3000 Arlington Ave. Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Lele Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Yongquan Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Yu Shi
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jiangdong Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Guangxu He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410011, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Shen Y, Xiao X, Wu K, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Liu J, Sun S, Liu J. Effects and molecular mechanisms of Ninghong black tea extract in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease of rats. J Food Sci 2020; 85:800-807. [PMID: 32090345 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to observe the effects of Ninghong black tea extract on fat deposition and high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to explore the potential mechanisms of these effect. Under 2% Ninghong black tea extract diet feeding in rat model, the results showed that Ninghong black tea extract decreased the body fat ratio and the number of lipid droplets in the liver and significantly alleviated NAFLD in the rat model. The real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that Ninghong black tea extract significantly upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), which is important in fatty acid β-oxidation, and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), which plays an important role in the synthesis of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). By promoting the expression of PPARα and MTP in liver tissue and thereby promoting fatty acid β-oxidation and VLDL synthesis, Ninghong black tea extract relieves high-fat diet-induced NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shen
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xiao
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Kunlu Wu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yanpeng Wang
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yijun Yuan
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Shuming Sun
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| |
Collapse
|