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Redolfi-Bristol D, Yamamoto K, Marin E, Zhu W, Mazda O, Riello P, Pezzotti G. Exploring the cellular antioxidant mechanism against cytotoxic silver nanoparticles: a Raman spectroscopic analysis. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:9985-9997. [PMID: 38695726 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00462k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) hold great promise for several different applications, from colorimetric sensors to antimicrobial agents. Despite their widespread incorporation in consumer products, limited understanding of the detrimental effects and cellular antioxidant responses associated with AgNPs at sublethal concentrations persists, raising concerns for human and ecological well-being. To address this gap, we synthesized AgNPs of varying sizes and evaluated their cytotoxicity against human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Our study revealed that toxicity of AgNPs is a time- and size-dependent process, even at low exposure levels. AgNPs exhibited low short-term cytotoxicity but high long-term impact, particularly for the smallest NPs tested. Raman microspectroscopy was employed for in-time investigations of intracellular molecular variations during the first 24 h of exposure to AgNPs of 35 nm. Subtle protein and lipid degradations were detected, but no discernible damage to the DNA was observed. Signals associated with antioxidant proteins, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and metallothioneins (MTs), increased over time, reflecting the heightened production of these defense agents. Fluorescence microscopy further confirmed the efficacy of overexpressed antioxidant proteins in mitigating ROS formation during short-term exposure to AgNPs. This work provides valuable insights into the molecular changes and remedial strategies within the cellular environment, utilizing Raman microspectroscopy as an advanced analytical technique. These findings offer a novel perspective on the cytotoxicity mechanism of AgNPs, contributing to the development of safer materials and advice on regulatory guidelines for their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Redolfi-Bristol
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan.
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia, Italy
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Elia Marin
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan.
- Department Polytechnic of Engineering and Architecture, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
- Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Wenliang Zhu
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Pietro Riello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pezzotti
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hiraka-ta, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-0023 Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia, Italy
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Liu Z, Wang R, Liu W, Liu Y, Feng X, Zhao F, Chen P, Shao L, Rong M. Recent advances in the application and biological mechanism of silicon nitride osteogenic properties: a review. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7003-7017. [PMID: 37718623 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00877k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nitride, an emerging bioceramic material, is highly sought after in the biomedical industry due to its osteogenesis-promoting properties, which are a result of its unique surface chemistry and excellent mechanical properties. Currently, it is used in clinics as an orthopedic implant material. The osteogenesis-promoting properties of silicon nitride are manifested in its contribution to the formation of a local osteogenic microenvironment, wherein silicon nitride and its hydrolysis products influence osteogenesis by modulating the biological behaviors of the constituents of the osteogenic microenvironment. In particular, silicon nitride regulates redox signaling, cellular autophagy, glycolysis, and bone mineralization in cells involved in bone formation via several mechanisms. Moreover, it may also promote osteogenesis by influencing immune regulation and angiogenesis. In addition, the wettability, surface morphology, and charge of silicon nitride play crucial roles in regulating its osteogenesis-promoting properties. However, as a bioceramic material, the molding process of silicon nitride needs to be optimized, and its osteogenic mechanism must be further investigated. Herein, we summarize the impact of the molding process of silicon nitride on its osteogenic properties and clinical applications. In addition, the mechanisms of silicon nitride in promoting osteogenesis are discussed, followed by a summary of the current gaps in silicon nitride mechanism research. This review, therefore, aims to provide novel ideas for the future development and applications of silicon nitride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiangnan Avenue 366, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Ruijie Wang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiangnan Avenue 366, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiangnan Avenue 366, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Yushan Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiangnan Avenue 366, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiangnan Avenue 366, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Fujian Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiangnan Avenue 366, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Pei Chen
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiangnan Avenue 366, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiangnan Avenue 366, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Mingdeng Rong
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiangnan Avenue 366, Guangzhou 510280, China.
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Imamura H, Zhu W, Adachi T, Hiraishi N, Marin E, Miyamoto N, Yamamoto T, Kanamura N, Pezzotti G. Raman Analyses of Laser Irradiation-Induced Microstructural Variations in Synthetic Hydroxyapatite and Human Teeth. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:200. [PMID: 36412841 PMCID: PMC9680245 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The microstructural and molecular-scale variations induced by laser irradiation treatment on human teeth enamel in comparison with synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) were examined through Raman microprobe spectroscopy as a function of irradiation power. The results demonstrated that laser irradiation could modify stoichiometry, microstructure, and the population of crystallographic defects, as well as the hardness of the materials. These modifications showed strong dependences on both laser power and initial nonstoichiometric structure (defective content of HPO4), because of the occurrence of distinct reactions and structural reconstruction. The reported observations can redirect future trends in tooth whitening by laser treatment and the production of HAp coatings because of the important role of stoichiometric defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayata Imamura
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8126, Japan
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Wenliang Zhu
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8126, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Adachi
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Dentistry, Kyoto Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital for Mentally and Physically Disabled, Naka Ashihara, Johyo, Kyoto 610-0113, Japan
| | - Noriko Hiraishi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Elia Marin
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8126, Japan
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Nao Miyamoto
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshiro Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Narisato Kanamura
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Giuseppe Pezzotti
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8126, Japan
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Pezzotti G, Boschetto F, Ohgitani E, Fujita Y, Shin-Ya M, Adachi T, Yamamoto T, Kanamura N, Marin E, Zhu W, Nishimura I, Mazda O. Mechanisms of instantaneous inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by silicon nitride bioceramic. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100144. [PMID: 34632359 PMCID: PMC8485720 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrolytic processes occurring at the surface of silicon nitride (Si3N4) bioceramic have been indicated as a powerful pathway to instantaneous inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, the virus inactivation mechanisms promoted by Si3N4 remain yet to be elucidated. In this study, we provide evidence of the instantaneous damage incurred on the SARS-CoV-2 virus upon contact with Si3N4. We also emphasize the safety characteristics of Si3N4 for mammalian cells. Contact between the virions and micrometric Si3N4 particles immediately targeted a variety of viral molecules by inducing post-translational oxidative modifications of S-containing amino acids, nitration of the tyrosine residue in the spike receptor binding domain, and oxidation of RNA purines to form formamidopyrimidine. This structural damage in turn led to a reshuffling of the protein secondary structure. These clear fingerprints of viral structure modifications were linked to inhibition of viral functionality and infectivity. This study validates the notion that Si3N4 bioceramic is a safe and effective antiviral compound; and a primary antiviral candidate to replace the toxic and allergenic compounds presently used in contact with the human body and in long-term environmental sanitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pezzotti
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-0023, Tokyo, Japan
- The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0854, Japan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - F Boschetto
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - E Ohgitani
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Y Fujita
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - M Shin-Ya
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - T Adachi
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - N Kanamura
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - E Marin
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - W Zhu
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - I Nishimura
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - O Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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