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Zhu Z, Xiang Q, Li S, Chen C, Shi J. Serine/Threonine kinase 16 phosphorylates STAT3 and confers a JAK2-Inhibition resistance phenotype in triple-negative breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116268. [PMID: 38723720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Although Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) plays a critical role in the progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), its inhibitors are incapable of eradicating these tumor cells, implicating drug resistance mechanisms exist. Our evidences show that TNBC cells express high level of Serine/Threonine Kinase 16 (STK16) when JAK2 signaling is blocked. Pharmacological inhibition or silencing of STK16 significantly enhances the sensitivity of TNBC cells to JAK2 inhibition, while over-expression of STK16 alleviates the anti-tumor effect of JAK2-inhibitor. Mechanistically, elevated STK16 expression rescues the phosphorylation status and transcriptional activity of STAT3, as STK16 is able to directly catalyze the phosphorylation of STAT3 at ser-727 residue. Our data indicate that upon JAK2 inhibition, TNBC cells express STK16 to maintain STAT3 transcriptional activity, dual-inhibition of JAK2/STK16 offers a potential way to treat TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, 511518, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuangqiong Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Wang X, Huang R, Lu Z, Wang Z, Chen X, Huang D. Exosomes from M1‐polarized macrophages promote apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma via the miR‐181a‐5p/ETS1/STK16 axis. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:986-1001. [PMID: 35092121 PMCID: PMC8898733 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine/threonine kinase 16 (STK16) is crucial in on regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and prognosis. Activated M1 macrophages regulate lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) growth by releasing exosomes. This study aims to investigate the role of STK16 and then focus on the possible mechanisms through which exosomes derived from M1 macrophages play their roles in LUAD cells by targeting STK16. Clinical LUAD samples were used to evaluate the expression of STK16 and its association with prognosis. Exosomes were isolated from M0 and M1 macrophages by ultracentrifugation and were then identified by electron microscopy and western blotting. In vitro gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments with LUAD cells were performed to elucidate the functions of miR‐181a‐5p, ETS1, and STK16, and mouse xenograft models were used to verify the function of STK16 in vivo. Western blotting, quantitative real‐time PCR, CCK‐8 assay, cell apoptosis, immunohistochemistry staining, luciferase assay, ChIP assay, and bioinformatics analysis were performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms. High expression of STK16 was observed in LUAD tissues and cells, and higher expression of STK16 was associated with worse prognosis. Silencing STK16 expression inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis via the AKT1 pathway. Exosomes from M1 macrophages inhibited viability and promoted apoptosis by inhibiting STK16. Moreover, miR‐181a‐5p is the functional molecule in M1 macrophage‐derived exosomes and plays a vital role in inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis by targeting ETS1 and STK16. Hence, exosomes derived from M1 macrophages were capable of inhibiting viability and promoting apoptosis in LUAD via the miR‐181a‐5p/ETS1/STK16 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Huashan Hospital Fudan University 12 Urumqi Road (M) Shanghai 200040 China
| | - Renhong Huang
- Department of General Surgery Comprehensive Breast Health Center Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 197 Ruijin Second Road Shanghai 200025 China
| | - Zhouyi Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Huashan Hospital Fudan University 12 Urumqi Road (M) Shanghai 200040 China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery Comprehensive Breast Health Center Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 197 Ruijin Second Road Shanghai 200025 China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Huashan Hospital Fudan University 12 Urumqi Road (M) Shanghai 200040 China
| | - Dayu Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Huashan Hospital Fudan University 12 Urumqi Road (M) Shanghai 200040 China
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Li B, Wang X, Rutz B, Wang R, Tamalunas A, Strittmatter F, Waidelich R, Stief CG, Hennenberg M. The STK16 inhibitor STK16-IN-1 inhibits non-adrenergic and non-neurogenic smooth muscle contractions in the human prostate and the human male detrusor. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:829-842. [PMID: 31867686 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mixed lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) (voiding symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia plus storage symptoms, which can be caused by overactive bladder) are common in men. Unwanted contraction of prostate and/or bladder smooth muscle has been implied in the pathophysiology of male LUTS. Here, we examined effects of the serine/threonine kinase 16 (STK16) inhibitor STK16-IN-1 on contraction of human tissues from the prostate and male detrusor. Tissues were obtained from radical prostatectomy and radical cystectomy. Contractions were studied in an organ bath and STK16 expressions by Western blot analyses and fluorescence staining. In prostate tissues, STK16-IN-1 (1 μM) inhibited contractions induced by endothelin-1 and the thromboxane A2 analog U46619. Contractions of prostate tissues induced by noradrenaline, the α1-agonists phenylephrine and methoxamine, or electric field stimulation (EFS) were not changed by STK16-IN-1. In male detrusor tissues, STK16-IN-1 inhibited contractions induced by the cholinergic agonists carbachol and metacholine, and contractions induced by U46619. EFS-induced contractions of detrusor tissues were not changed by STK16-IN-1. Western blot analyses of prostate and detrusor tissues revealed bands matching the molecular weight of STK16. Fluorescence staining of prostate tissues using STK16 antibodies resulted in immunoreactivity in smooth muscle cells. STK16-IN-1 selectively inhibits non-adrenergic/non-neurogenic smooth muscle contractions in the male prostate and to limited extent in the bladder. Because non-adrenergic contractions in the male LUTS may account for limited efficacy of α1-blockers and for α1-blocker-resistant symptoms, studies assessing add-on of STK16-IN-1 to α1-blockers in mixed LUTS appear feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingsheng Li
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Beata Rutz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruixiao Wang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Christian G Stief
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Hennenberg
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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