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Li Z, Wang J, Wang S, Zhao W, Hou X, Wang J, Dong H, Zhou S, Gao Y, Yao W, Li H, Liu X. A dicoumarol-graphene oxide quantum dot polymer inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1417404. [PMID: 38962129 PMCID: PMC11221364 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1417404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes substantial economic losses in the global swine industry. The current vaccine options offer limited protection against PRRSV transmission, and there are no effective commercial antivirals available. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new antiviral strategies that slow global PRRSV transmission. Methods In this study, we synthesized a dicoumarol-graphene oxide quantum dot (DIC-GQD) polymer with excellent biocompatibility. This polymer was synthesized via an electrostatic adsorption method using the natural drug DIC and GQDs as raw materials. Results Our findings demonstrated that DIC exhibits high anti-PRRSV activity by inhibiting the PRRSV replication stage. The transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that DIC treatment stimulates genes associated with the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signalling pathway. In porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), DIC-GQDs induce TYK2, JAK1, STAT1, and STAT2 phosphorylation, leading to the upregulation of JAK1, STAT1, STAT2, interferon-β (IFN-β) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Animal challenge experiments further confirmed that DIC-GQDs effectively alleviated clinical symptoms and pathological reactions in the lungs, spleen, and lymph nodes of PRRSV-infected pigs. Discussion These findings suggest that DIC-GQDs significantly inhibits PRRSV proliferation by activating the JAK/STAT signalling pathway. Therefore, DIC-GQDs hold promise as an alternative treatment for PRRSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Engineering Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Engineering Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Shuanghai Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Liaoning Agricultural Development Service Center Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Liaoning Agricultural Development Service Center Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Huanrong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xuewei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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2
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Zhou W, Liu K, Zeng L, He J, Gao X, Gu X, Chen X, Jing Li J, Wang M, Wu D, Cai Z, Claesson-Welsh L, Ju R, Wang J, Zhang F, Chen Y. Targeting VEGF-A/VEGFR2 Y949 Signaling-Mediated Vascular Permeability Alleviates Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension. Circulation 2022; 146:1855-1881. [PMID: 36384284 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.061900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with increased expression of VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor A) and its receptor, VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor 2), but whether and how activation of VEGF-A signal participates in the pathogenesis of PH is unclear. METHODS VEGF-A/VEGFR2 signal activation and VEGFR2 Y949-dependent vascular leak were investigated in lung samples from patients with PH and mice exposed to hypoxia. To study their mechanistic roles in hypoxic PH, we examined right ventricle systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pulmonary vasculopathy in mutant mice carrying knock-in of phenylalanine that replaced the tyrosine at residual 949 of VEGFR2 (Vefgr2Y949F) and mice with conditional endothelial deletion of Vegfr2 after chronic hypoxia exposure. RESULTS We show that PH leads to excessive pulmonary vascular leak in both patients and hypoxic mice, and this is because of an overactivated VEGF-A/VEGFR2 Y949 signaling axis. In the context of hypoxic PH, activation of Yes1 and c-Src and subsequent VE-cadherin phosphorylation in endothelial cells are involved in VEGFR2 Y949-induced vascular permeability. Abolishing VEGFR2 Y949 signaling by Vefgr2Y949F point mutation was sufficient to prevent pulmonary vascular permeability and inhibit macrophage infiltration and Rac1 activation in smooth muscle cells under hypoxia exposure, thereby leading to alleviated PH manifestations, including muscularization of distal pulmonary arterioles, elevated right ventricle systolic pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy. It is important that we found that VEGFR2 Y949 signaling in myeloid cells including macrophages was trivial and dispensable for hypoxia-induced vascular abnormalities and PH. In contrast with selective blockage of VEGFR2 Y949 signaling, disruption of the entire VEGFR2 signaling by conditional endothelial deletion of Vegfr2 promotes the development of PH. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the notion that VEGF-A/VEGFR2 Y949-dependent vascular permeability is an important determinant in the pathogenesis of PH and might serve as an attractive therapeutic target pathway for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Zhou
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., M.W., D.W., J.W., Y.C.).,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., K.L., L.Z., X. Gao, X. Gu, X.C., J.J.L., R.J., F.Z.).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., J.W., Y.C.)
| | - Keli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., K.L., L.Z., X. Gao, X. Gu, X.C., J.J.L., R.J., F.Z.)
| | - Lei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., K.L., L.Z., X. Gao, X. Gu, X.C., J.J.L., R.J., F.Z.)
| | - Jiaqi He
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., M.W., D.W., J.W., Y.C.).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., J.W., Y.C.)
| | - Xinbo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., K.L., L.Z., X. Gao, X. Gu, X.C., J.J.L., R.J., F.Z.)
| | - Xinyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., K.L., L.Z., X. Gao, X. Gu, X.C., J.J.L., R.J., F.Z.)
| | - Xun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., K.L., L.Z., X. Gao, X. Gu, X.C., J.J.L., R.J., F.Z.)
| | - Jing Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., K.L., L.Z., X. Gao, X. Gu, X.C., J.J.L., R.J., F.Z.)
| | - Minghui Wang
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., M.W., D.W., J.W., Y.C.)
| | - Duoguang Wu
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., M.W., D.W., J.W., Y.C.)
| | - Zhixiong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Shantou Central Hospital, China (Z.C.)
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Rudbeck, SciLifeLab and Beijer Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden (L.C.-W.)
| | - Rong Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., K.L., L.Z., X. Gao, X. Gu, X.C., J.J.L., R.J., F.Z.)
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., M.W., D.W., J.W., Y.C.).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., J.W., Y.C.)
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., K.L., L.Z., X. Gao, X. Gu, X.C., J.J.L., R.J., F.Z.)
| | - Yangxin Chen
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., M.W., D.W., J.W., Y.C.).,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China (W.Z., J.H., J.W., Y.C.)
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Sunagawa Y, Kawaguchi S, Miyazaki Y, Katanasaka Y, Funamoto M, Shimizu K, Shimizu S, Hamabe-Horiike T, Kawase Y, Komiyama M, Mori K, Murakami A, Hasegawa K, Morimoto T. Auraptene, a citrus peel-derived natural product, prevents myocardial infarction-induced heart failure by activating PPARα in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154457. [PMID: 36223697 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auraptene derived from the peel of Citrus hassaku possesses anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. Thus, it could be a valuable pharmacological alternative to treat some diseases. However, the therapeutic value of auraptene for heart failure (HF) is unknown. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS In cultured cardiomyocytes from neonatal rats, the effect of auraptene on phenylephrine-induced hypertrophic responses and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα)-dependent gene transcriptions. To investigate whether auraptene prevents the development of heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI) in vivo, Sprague-Dawley rats with moderate MI (fractional shortening < 40%) were randomly assigned for treatment with low- or high-dose auraptene (5 or 50 mg/kg/day, respectively) or vehicle for 6 weeks. The effects of auraptene were evaluated by echocardiography, histological analysis, and the measurement of mRNA levels of hypertrophy, fibrosis, and PPARα-associated genes. RESULTS In cultured cardiomyocytes, auraptene repressed phenylephrine-induced hypertrophic responses, such as increases in cell size and activities of atrial natriuretic factor and endothelin-1 promoters. Auraptene induced PPARα-dependent gene activation by enhancing cardiomyocyte peroxisome proliferator-responsive element reporter activity. The inhibition of PPARα abrogated the protective effect of auraptene on phenylephrine-induced hypertrophic responses. In rats with MI, auraptene significantly improved MI-induced systolic dysfunction and increased posterior wall thickness compared to the vehicle. Auraptene treatment also suppressed MI-induced increases in myocardial cell diameter, perivascular fibrosis, and expression of hypertrophy and fibrosis response markers at the mRNA level compared with vehicle treatment. MI-induced decreases in the expression of PPARα-dependent genes were improved by auraptene treatment. CONCLUSIONS Auraptene has beneficial effects on MI-induced cardiac hypertrophy and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in rats, at least partly due to PPARα activation. Further clinical studies are required to evaluate the efficacy of auraptene in patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Sunagawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan
| | - Shogo Kawaguchi
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Katanasaka
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan
| | - Masafumi Funamoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kana Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Toshihide Hamabe-Horiike
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuto Kawase
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Maki Komiyama
- Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Department of Nephrology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan; Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan
| | - Akira Murakami
- School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 670-0092, Japan
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Research Support Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka 420-8527, Japan.
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4
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Tao Q, Xiao G, Wang T, Zhang L, Yu M, Peng L, Han L, Du X, Han W, He S, Lyu M, Zhu Y. Identification of linoleic acid as an antithrombotic component of Wenxin Keli via selective inhibition of p-selectin-mediated platelet activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Shi L, Cao H, Fu S, Jia Z, Lu X, Cui Z, Yu D. Cordycepin enhances hyperthermia-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by modulating the MAPK pathway in human lymphoma U937 cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8673-8683. [PMID: 35763180 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperthermia induces cancer cell death. However, the cytotoxic effect of hyperthermia is not sufficient. Cordycepin can also induce apoptosis in cancer cells and enhance the antitumoral activity of irradiation. To examine cordycepin-mediated enhancement of hyperthermia-induced apoptosis, this study investigated the combined effects and apoptotic mechanisms of hyperthermia and cordycepin on human leukemia U937 cells. METHODS Cell viability and apoptosis were measured using MTT assays, Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin V/PI double staining. The distribution of the cell cycle and sub-G1 phase, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were examined by flow cytometry. The expression of related proteins was analyzed by western blotting. RESULTS Combined treatment with hyperthermia and cordycepin markedly augmented apoptosis by upregulating Bax and suppressing Bcl-2, Bid and activated caspase 3 and 8 expression, and apoptosis was decreased by Z-VAD-fmk (a pan caspase inhibitor). We also found that the MMP was significantly decreased and excessive ROS generation occurred. The combination treatment also induced arrest in the G2/M phase by downregulating cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and cyclin B1 protein expression. Furthermore, it was observed that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway including ERK, JNK and p38 signals was involved in the induction of apoptosis. The phosphorylated p38 and JNK were increased and ERK phosphorylation was decreased by the combined treatment. In addition, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly protected the cells by restoring ROS levels and the activity of caspase-3, inactivating the MAPK pathway. CONCLUSION Cordycepin significantly enhanced hyperthermia-induced apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in U937 cells. The combined treatment enhanced apoptosis through the MAPK pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction, and these effects could be rescued by NAC. We report for the first time that cordycepin can be used as a hyperthermia sensitizer to treat leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Shi
- The School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, People's Republic of China
| | - He Cao
- The School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Fu
- The School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixian Jia
- The School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Lu
- The School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengguo Cui
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Fukui School of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, 910-1193, Japan.
| | - Dayong Yu
- The School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, People's Republic of China.
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Miyazaki T, Shirakami Y, Mizutani T, Maruta A, Ideta T, Kubota M, Sakai H, Ibuka T, Genovese S, Fiorito S, Taddeo VA, Epifano F, Tanaka T, Shimizu M. Novel FXR agonist nelumal A suppresses colitis and inflammation-related colorectal carcinogenesis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:492. [PMID: 33436792 PMCID: PMC7804240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79916-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FXR is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and bile acids are endogenous ligands of FXR. FXR activation has recently been reported to inhibit intestinal inflammation and tumour development. This study aimed to investigate whether the novel FXR agonist nelumal A, the active compound of the plant Ligularia nelumbifolia, can prevent colitis and colorectal carcinogenesis. In a mouse colitis model, dextran sodium sulfate-induced colonic mucosal ulcer and the inflammation grade in the colon significantly reduced in mice fed diets containing nelumal A. In an azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced mouse inflammation-related colorectal carcinogenesis model, the mice showed decreased incidence of colonic mucosal ulcers and adenocarcinomas in nelumal A-treated group. Administration of nelumal A also induced tight junctions, antioxidant enzymes, and FXR target gene expression in the intestine, while it decreased the gene expression of bile acid synthesis in the liver. These findings suggest that nelumal A effectively attenuates colonic inflammation and suppresses colitis-related carcinogenesis, presumably through reduction of bile acid synthesis and oxidative damage. This agent may be potentially useful for treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases as well as their related colorectal cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuneyuki Miyazaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Taku Mizutani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Akinori Maruta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takayasu Ideta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masaya Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takashi Ibuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, Italy
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy, D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Department of Pharmacy, D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Department of Pharmacy, D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, Italy
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Pathological Diagnosis, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, 500-8513, Japan
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
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Porembskaya O, Toropova Y, Tomson V, Lobastov K, Laberko L, Kravchuk V, Saiganov S, Brill A. Pulmonary Artery Thrombosis: A Diagnosis That Strives for Its Independence. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145086. [PMID: 32708482 PMCID: PMC7404175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
According to a widespread theory, thrombotic masses are not formed in the pulmonary artery (PA) but result from migration of blood clots from the venous system. This concept has prevailed in clinical practice for more than a century. However, a new technologic era has brought forth more diagnostic possibilities, and it has been shown that thrombotic masses in the PA could, in many cases, be found without any obvious source of emboli. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, sickle cell anemia, emergency and elective surgery, viral pneumonia, and other conditions could be complicated by PA thrombosis development without concomitant deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Different pathologies have different causes for local PA thrombotic process. As evidenced by experimental results and clinical observations, endothelial and platelet activation are the crucial mechanisms of this process. Endothelial dysfunction can impair antithrombotic function of the arterial wall through downregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) or via stimulation of adhesion receptor expression. Hypoxia, proinflammatory cytokines, or genetic mutations may underlie the procoagulant phenotype of the PA endothelium. Both endotheliocytes and platelets could be activated by protease mediated receptor (PAR)- and receptors for advanced glycation end (RAGE)-dependent mechanisms. Hypoxia, in particular induced by high altitudes, could play a role in thrombotic complications as a trigger of platelet activity. In this review, we discuss potential mechanisms of PA thrombosis in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Porembskaya
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg 191015, Russia; (V.K.); (S.S.)
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.P.); (A.B.); Tel.: +7-92-1310-6629 (O.P.); Tel.: +44-12-1415-8679 (A.B.)
| | - Yana Toropova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center, Saint Petersburg 197341, Russia;
| | | | - Kirill Lobastov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; (K.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Leonid Laberko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; (K.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Viacheslav Kravchuk
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg 191015, Russia; (V.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Sergey Saiganov
- Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg 191015, Russia; (V.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Alexander Brill
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.P.); (A.B.); Tel.: +7-92-1310-6629 (O.P.); Tel.: +44-12-1415-8679 (A.B.)
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Hsia CW, Wu MP, Shen MY, Hsia CH, Chung CL, Sheu JR. Regulation of Human Platelet Activation and Prevention of Arterial Thrombosis in Mice by Auraptene through Inhibition of NF-κB Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134810. [PMID: 32646046 PMCID: PMC7370278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are major players in the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. Auraptene is the most abundant coumarin derivative from plants, and it has been demonstrated to possess a potent capacity to inhibit platelet activation. Although platelets are anucleated cells, they also express the transcription factor, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), that may exert non-genomic functions in platelet activation. In the current study, we further investigated the inhibitory roles of auraptene in NF-κB-mediated signal events in platelets. MG-132 (an inhibitor of proteasome) and BAY11-7082 (an inhibitor of IκB kinase; IKK), obviously inhibited platelet aggregation; however, BAY11-7082 exhibited more potent activity than MG-132 in this reaction. The existence of NF-κB (p65) in platelets was observed by confocal microscopy, and auraptene attenuated NF-κB activation such as IκBα and p65 phosphorylation and reversed IκBα degradation in collagen-activated platelets. To investigate cellular signaling events between PLCγ2-PKC and NF-κB, we found that BAY11-7082 abolished PLCγ2-PKC activation; nevertheless, neither U73122 nor Ro31-8220 had effect on NF-κB activation. Furthermore, both auraptene and BAY11-7082 significantly diminished HO• formation in activated platelets. For in vivo study, auraptene prolonged the occlusion time of platelet plug in mice. In conclusion, we propose a novel inhibitory pathway of NF-κB-mediated PLCγ2-PKC activation by auraptene in human platelets, and further supported that auraptene possesses potent activity for thromboembolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-W.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Ming-Ping Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-W.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-H.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Shen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Hsuan Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-W.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-H.H.)
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Li Chung
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-W.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-H.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-L.C.); (J.-R.S.); Tel.: +886-2-27372181 (C.-L.C.); Tel.: +886-2-27361661 (ext. 3199) (J.-R.S.)
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-W.H.); (M.-P.W.); (C.-H.H.)
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-L.C.); (J.-R.S.); Tel.: +886-2-27372181 (C.-L.C.); Tel.: +886-2-27361661 (ext. 3199) (J.-R.S.)
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