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Lim K, Han SH, Han S, Lee JY, Choi HS, Choi D, Ryu CJ. A monoclonal antibody recognizing CD98 on human embryonic stem cells shows anti-tumor activity in hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:231. [PMID: 39261363 PMCID: PMC11390997 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03827-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
CD98, also known as SLC3A2, is a multifunctional cell surface molecule consisting of amino acid transporters. CD98 is ubiquitously expressed in many types of tissues, but expressed at higher levels in cancerous tissues than in normal tissues. CD98 is also upregulated in most hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients; however, the function of CD98 in HCC cells has been little studied. In this study, we generated a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against surface proteins on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). NPB15, one of the MAbs, bound to hESCs and various cancer cells, including HCC cells and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells, but not to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and primary hepatocytes. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry identified the target antigen of NPB15 as CD98. CD98 depletion decreased cell proliferation, clonogenic survival, and migration and induced apoptosis in HCC cells. In addition, CD98 depletion decreased the expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in HCC cells. In tumorsphere cultures, the expression of CD98 interacting with NPB15 was significantly increased, as were known CSC markers. After cell sorting by NPB15, cells with high expression of CD98 (CD98-high) showed higher clonogenic survival than cells with low expression of CD98 (CD98-low) in HCC cells, suggesting CD98 as a potential CSC marker on HCC cells. The chimeric version of NPB15 was able to induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against HCC cells in vitro. NPB15 injection showed antitumor activity in an HCC xenograft mouse model. The results suggest that NPB15 may be developed as a therapeutic antibody for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keunpyo Lim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - San Ha Han
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Sein Han
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seo Choi
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Jeih Ryu
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
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Nakao H, Yamaguchi T, Kawabata K, Higashi K, Nonaka M, Tuiji M, Nagai Y, Toyoda H, Yamaguchi Y, Kawasaki N, Kawasaki T. Characterization of novel antibodies that recognize sialylated keratan sulfate and lacto-N-fucopentaose I on human induced pluripotent cells: comparison with existing antibodies. Glycobiology 2023; 33:150-164. [PMID: 36373215 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes the isolation and characterization of two new antibodies, R-6C (IgM) and R-13E (IgM), which were generated in C57BL/6 mice (Mus musculus) using the Tic (JCRB1331) human induced pluripotent cell (hiPSC) line as an antigen, and their comparisons with two existing antibodies, R-10G (IgG1) and R-17F (IgG1). Their epitopes were studied by western blotting after various glycosidase digestions, binding analyses using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and microarrays with various synthetic oligosaccharides. The minimum epitope structures identified were: Siaα2-3Galβ1-3GlcNAc(6S)β1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc(6S)β1 (R-6C), Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1 (R-13E), Galβ1-4GlcNAc(6S)β1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc(6S)β1 (R-10G), and Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GlcNAβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose I) (R-17F). Most glycoprotein epitopes are expressed as O-glycans. The common feature of these epitopes is the presence of an N-acetyllactosamine type 1 structure (Galβ1-3GlcNAc) at their nonreducing termini, followed by a type 2 structure (Galβ1-4GlcNAc); this arrangement comprises a type 1-type 2 motif. This motif is also shared by TRA-1-60, a traditional onco-fetal antigen. In contrast, the R-10G epitope has a type 2-type 2 motif. Among these antibodies, R-17F and R-13E exhibit cytotoxic activity toward hiPSCs. R-17F and R-13E exhibit extremely high similarity in the amino acid sequences in their complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), which is consistent with their highly similar glycan recognition. These antibodies are excellent tools for investigating the biological functions of glycoconjugates in hiPSCs/hESCs; they could be useful for the selection, isolation and selective killing of such undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Nakao
- Glycobiotechnology Laboratory, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Cell Model for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Saito-Asagi 7-6-8, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawabata
- Laboratory of Cell Model for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Saito-Asagi 7-6-8, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Higashi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaharacho 53, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nonaka
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaharacho 53, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Makoto Tuiji
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yuko Nagai
- Laboratory of Bio-analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hidenao Toyoda
- Laboratory of Bio-analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Komatsushima 4-4-1, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Nobuko Kawasaki
- Glycobiotechnology Laboratory, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Toshisuke Kawasaki
- Glycobiotechnology Laboratory, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.,Laboratory of Cell Model for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Saito-Asagi 7-6-8, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
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Kong FE, Li GM, Tang YQ, Xi SY, Loong JHC, Li MM, Li HL, Cheng W, Zhu WJ, Mo JQ, Gong YF, Tang H, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Ma S, Guan XY, Ma NF, Xie MB, Liu M. Targeting tumor lineage plasticity in hepatocellular carcinoma using an anti-CLDN6 antibody-drug conjugate. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/579/eabb6282. [PMID: 33536280 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb6282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor lineage plasticity is emerging as a critical mechanism of therapeutic resistance and tumor relapse. Highly plastic tumor cells can undergo phenotypic switching to a drug-tolerant state to avoid drug toxicity. Here, we investigate the transmembrane tight junction protein Claudin6 (CLDN6) as a therapeutic target related to lineage plasticity for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CLDN6 was highly expressed in embryonic stem cells but markedly decreased in normal tissues. Reactivation of CLDN6 was frequently observed in HCC tumor tissues as well as in premalignant lesions. Functional assays indicated that CLDN6 is not only a tumor-associated antigen but also conferred strong oncogenic effects in HCC. Overexpression of CLDN6 induced phenotypic shift of HCC cells from hepatic lineage to biliary lineage, which was more refractory to sorafenib treatment. The enhanced tumor lineage plasticity and cellular identity change were potentially induced by the CLDN6/TJP2 (tight junction protein 2)/YAP1 (Yes-associated protein 1) interacting axis and further activation of the Hippo signaling pathway. A de novo anti-CLDN6 monoclonal antibody conjugated with cytotoxic agent (Mertansine) DM1 (CLDN6-DM1) was developed. Preclinical data on both HCC cell lines and primary tumors showed the potent antitumor efficiency of CLDN6-DM1 as a single agent or in combination with sorafenib in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-En Kong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Guang-Meng Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yun-Qiang Tang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Shao-Yan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jane Ho Chun Loong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 852, Hong Kong
| | - Mei-Mei Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Hao-Long Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Mo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yuan-Feng Gong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne 50923, Germany
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 852, Hong Kong
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, University of Hong Kong 852, Hong Kong
| | - Ning-Fang Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Mao-Bin Xie
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China. .,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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