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Bach K, Dohnálek J, Škerlová J, Kuzmík J, Poláchová E, Stanchev S, Majer P, Fanfrlík J, Pecina A, Řezáč J, Lepšík M, Borshchevskiy V, Polovinkin V, Strisovsky K. Extensive targeting of chemical space at the prime side of ketoamide inhibitors of rhomboid proteases by branched substituents empowers their selectivity and potency. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116606. [PMID: 38901105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Rhomboid intramembrane serine proteases have been implicated in several pathologies, and emerge as attractive pharmacological target candidates. The most potent and selective rhomboid inhibitors available to date are peptidyl α-ketoamides, but their selectivity for diverse rhomboid proteases and strategies to modulate it in relevant contexts are poorly understood. This gap, together with the lack of suitable in vitro models, hinders ketoamide development for relevant eukaryotic rhomboid enzymes. Here we explore the structure-activity relationship principles of rhomboid inhibiting ketoamides by medicinal chemistry and enzymatic in vitro and in-cell assays with recombinant rhomboid proteases GlpG, human mitochondrial rhomboid PARL and human RHBDL2. We use X-ray crystallography in lipidic cubic phase to understand the binding mode of one of the best ketoamide inhibitors synthesized here containing a branched terminal substituent bound to GlpG. In addition, to extend the interpretation of the co-crystal structure, we use quantum mechanical calculations and quantify the relative importance of interactions along the inhibitor molecule. These combined experimental analyses implicates that more extensive exploration of chemical space at the prime side is unexpectedly powerful for the selectivity of rhomboid inhibiting ketoamides. Together with variations in the peptide sequence at the non-prime side, or its non-peptidic alternatives, this strategy enables targeted tailoring of potent and selective ketoamides towards diverse rhomboid proteases including disease-relevant ones such as PARL and RHBDL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Bach
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic; Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, Prague, 128 44, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dohnálek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Škerlová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Kuzmík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Edita Poláchová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, Prague, 121 08, Czech Republic
| | - Stancho Stanchev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Majer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Fanfrlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Pecina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Řezáč
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Lepšík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Valentin Borshchevskiy
- Institute of Biological Information Processing 7, IBI-7 (Structural Biochemistry) Forschungszentrum Jülich 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Vitaly Polovinkin
- ELI Beamlines Centre, ELI ERIC, Za Radnicí 835, 252 41, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic
| | - Kvido Strisovsky
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo n. 2, Prague, 160 00, Czech Republic.
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Vasconcelos-Cardoso M, Batista-Almeida D, Rios-Barros LV, Castro-Gomes T, Girao H. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying plasma membrane functionality and integrity. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:275922. [PMID: 35801807 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane not only protects the cell from the extracellular environment, acting as a selective barrier, but also regulates cellular events that originate at the cell surface, playing a key role in various biological processes that are essential for the preservation of cell homeostasis. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of plasma membrane integrity and functionality is of utmost importance. Cells have developed mechanisms to ensure the quality of proteins that inhabit the cell surface, as well as strategies to cope with injuries inflicted to the plasma membrane. Defects in these mechanisms can lead to the development or onset of several diseases. Despite the importance of these processes, a comprehensive and holistic perspective of plasma membrane quality control is still lacking. To tackle this gap, in this Review, we provide a thorough overview of the mechanisms underlying the identification and targeting of membrane proteins that are to be removed from the cell surface, as well as the membrane repair mechanisms triggered in both physiological and pathological conditions. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying protein quality control at the plasma membrane can reveal promising and unanticipated targets for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vasconcelos-Cardoso
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Batista-Almeida
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Laura Valeria Rios-Barros
- Department of Parasitology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago Castro-Gomes
- Department of Parasitology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Henrique Girao
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Tomassetti A. Editorial to the Special Issue “Activations of Cadherin Signaling in Cancer”. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137022. [PMID: 35806026 PMCID: PMC9266632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The major object of this Editorial is to briefly put into context the processes, occurring during tumor onset and progression, and the biological mechanisms mediated by cadherins described in the review and research articles included in the Special Issue entitled "Activations of Cadherin Signaling in Cancer" [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tomassetti
- Unit of Molecular Therapies, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Conformational surveillance of Orai1 by a rhomboid intramembrane protease prevents inappropriate CRAC channel activation. Mol Cell 2021; 81:4784-4798.e7. [PMID: 34800360 PMCID: PMC8657799 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcium influx through plasma membrane calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels, which are formed of hexamers of Orai1, is a potent trigger for many important biological processes, most notably in T cell-mediated immunity. Through a bioinformatics-led cell biological screen, we have identified Orai1 as a substrate for the rhomboid intramembrane protease RHBDL2. We show that RHBDL2 prevents stochastic calcium signaling in unstimulated cells through conformational surveillance and cleavage of inappropriately activated Orai1. A conserved disease-linked proline residue is responsible for RHBDL2’s recognizing the active conformation of Orai1, which is required to sharpen switch-like signaling triggered by store-operated calcium entry. Loss of RHBDL2 control of CRAC channel activity causes severe dysregulation of downstream CRAC channel effectors, including transcription factor activation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and T cell activation. We propose that this surveillance function may represent an ancient activity of rhomboid proteases in degrading unwanted signaling proteins. A screen for transmembrane substrates of the rhomboid intramembrane protease RHBDL2 RHBDL2 cleaves the CRAC channel protein Orai1 when it is inappropriately activated Conformational change in these calcium channels is recognized by RHBDL2 An Orai1 mutant that cannot be cleaved by RHBDL2 causes a human disease syndrome
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Qiao X, Zhang Y, Sun L, Ma Q, Yang J, Ai L, Xue J, Chen G, Zhang H, Ji C, Gu X, Lei H, Yang Y, Liu C. Association of human breast cancer CD44 -/CD24 - cells with delayed distant metastasis. eLife 2021; 10:65418. [PMID: 34318746 PMCID: PMC8346282 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis remains the main cause of breast cancer-related deaths, especially delayed breast cancer distant metastasis. The current study assessed the frequency of CD44-/CD24- breast cancer cells in 576 tissue specimens for associations with clinicopathological features and metastasis and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results indicated that higher frequency (≥19.5%) of CD44-/CD24- cells was associated with delayed postoperative breast cancer metastasis. Furthermore, CD44-/CD24-triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells spontaneously converted into CD44+/CD24-cancer stem cells (CSCs) with properties similar to CD44+/CD24-CSCs from primary human breast cancer cells and parental TNBC cells in terms of stemness marker expression, self-renewal, differentiation, tumorigenicity, and lung metastasis in vitro and in NOD/SCID mice. RNA sequencing identified several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in newly converted CSCs and RHBDL2, one of the DEGs, expression was upregulated. More importantly, RHBDL2 silencing inhibited the YAP1/USP31/NF-κB signaling and attenuated spontaneous CD44-/CD24- cell conversion into CSCs and their mammosphere formation. These findings suggest that the frequency of CD44-/CD24- tumor cells and RHBDL2 may be valuable for prognosis of delayed breast cancer metastasis, particularly for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Dapartment of Urology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lisha Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingtian Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liping Ai
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinqi Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guanglei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ce Ji
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xi Gu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haixin Lei
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yongliang Yang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Caigang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Koch L, Kespohl B, Agthe M, Schumertl T, Düsterhöft S, Lemberg MK, Lokau J, Garbers C. Interleukin-11 (IL-11) receptor cleavage by the rhomboid protease RHBDL2 induces IL-11 trans-signaling. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21380. [PMID: 33566379 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002087r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine with both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties. It activates its target cells via binding to the membrane-bound IL-11 receptor (IL-11R), which then recruits a homodimer of the ubiquitously expressed, signal-transducing receptor gp130. Besides this classic signaling pathway, IL-11 can also bind to soluble forms of the IL-11R (sIL-11R), and IL-11/sIL-11R complexes activate cells via the induction of gp130 homodimerization (trans-signaling). We have previously reported that the metalloprotease ADAM10 cleaves the membrane-bound IL-11R and thereby generates sIL-11R. In this study, we identify the rhomboid intramembrane protease RHBDL2 as a so far unrecognized alternative sheddase that can efficiently trigger IL-11R secretion. We determine the cleavage site used by RHBDL2, which is located in the extracellular part of the receptor in close proximity to the plasma membrane, between Ala-370 and Ser-371. Furthermore, we identify critical amino acid residues within the transmembrane helix that are required for IL-11R proteolysis. We also show that ectopically expressed RHBDL2 is able to cleave the IL-11R within the early secretory pathway and not only at the plasma membrane, indicating that its subcellular localization plays a central role in controlling its activity. Moreover, RHBDL2-derived sIL-11R is biologically active and able to perform IL-11 trans-signaling. Finally, we show that the human mutation IL-11R-A370V does not impede IL-11 classic signaling, but prevents RHBDL2-mediated IL-11R cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Birte Kespohl
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maria Agthe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tim Schumertl
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marius K Lemberg
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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7
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Kaszak I, Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O, Niewiadomska Z, Dworecka-Kaszak B, Ngosa Toka F, Jurka P. Role of Cadherins in Cancer-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7624. [PMID: 33076339 PMCID: PMC7589192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherins play an important role in tissue homeostasis, as they are responsible for cell-cell adhesion during embryogenesis, tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and carcinogenesis. Cadherins are inseparably connected with catenins, forming cadherin-catenin complexes, which are crucial for cell-to-cell adherence. Any dysfunction or destabilization of cadherin-catenin complex may result in tumor progression. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a mechanism in which epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) expression is lost during tumor progression. However, during tumorigenesis, many processes take place, and downregulation of E-cadherin, nuclear β-catenin and p120 catenin (p120) signaling are among the most critical. Additional signaling pathways, such as Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), Rho GTPases, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Hippo affect cadherin cell-cell adhesion and also contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. Many signaling pathways may be activated during tumorigenesis; thus, cadherin-targeting drugs seem to limit the progression of malignant tumor. This review discusses the role of cadherins in selected signaling mechanisms involved in tumor growth. The clinical importance of cadherin will be discussed in cases of human and animal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Kaszak
- Department of Small Animal Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Niewiadomska
- Carnivore Reproduction Study Center, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maison Alfort, France;
| | - Bożena Dworecka-Kaszak
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine; Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Felix Ngosa Toka
- Center for Integrative Mammalian Research, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, BOX 334 Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies;
| | - Piotr Jurka
- Department of Small Animal Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
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