1
|
Ma J, Dong X, Xu K, Zeng J, Wang Z, Li J. The Characterization of the Mitochondrial Genome of Fulgoraria rupestris and Phylogenetic Considerations within the Neogastropoda. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1076. [PMID: 39202435 PMCID: PMC11353978 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Fulgoraria rupestris is a predatory marine gastropod belonging to Neogastropoda and possessing considerable taxonomic significance. However, research on this species remains limited. We acquired the complete mitochondrial genome of F. rupestris through second-generation sequencing and conducted an analysis of its genome structural features. The mitochondrial genome of F. rupestris spans a total length of 16,223 bp and encompasses 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs, and 2 ribosomal RNAs). Notably, most tRNAs exhibit the typical cloverleaf structure, but there is an absence of the Dihydrouridine (DHU) arm in the trnS1 and trnS2 genes. The A + T content is 68.67%, indicating a pronounced AT bias. Additionally, we conducted a selection pressure analysis on the mitochondrial genomes of four species within Volutidae, revealing that all PCGs are subjected to purifying selection. In comparison to other species within Neogastropoda, F. rupestris shares an identical gene arrangement. Additionally, based on mitochondrial genome sequences of the 13 PCGs from 50 species within Neogastropoda, we constructed a phylogenetic tree. The phylogenetic tree indicates F. rupestris forms a clade with species within the family Volutidae (Cymbium olla, Neptuneopsis gilchristi, and Melo melo). This study serves as a valuable reference for future research on F. rupestris, offering insights for the upcoming phylogenetic and taxonomic classification within Neogastropoda. Furthermore, the findings provide valuable information for the development of genetic resources in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Ma
- Marine and Fisheries Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (J.M.); (J.Z.); (Z.W.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Xiangli Dong
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;
| | - Kaida Xu
- Marine and Fisheries Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (J.M.); (J.Z.); (Z.W.)
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Jiaying Zeng
- Marine and Fisheries Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (J.M.); (J.Z.); (Z.W.)
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Zhongming Wang
- Marine and Fisheries Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; (J.M.); (J.Z.); (Z.W.)
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Jiji Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma Y, Zheng B, Li J, Meng W, Xu K, Ye Y. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Desmaulus extinctorium (Littorinimorpha, Calyptraeoidea, Calyptraeidae) and molecular phylogeny of Littorinimorpha. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301389. [PMID: 38547307 PMCID: PMC10977763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
For the purpose of determining the placement of Calyptraeidae within the Littorinimorpha, we hereby furnish a thorough analysis of the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of Desmaulus extinctorium. This mitogenome spans 16,605 base pairs and encompasses the entire set of 37 genes, including 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs and two rRNAs, with an evident AT bias. Notably, tRNASer1 and tRNASer2 lack dihydrouracil (DHU) arms, resulting in an inability to form a secondary structure. Similarly, tRNAAla lacks a TΨC arm, rendering it incapable of forming a secondary structure. In contrast, the remaining tRNAs demonstrate a characteristic secondary structure reminiscent of a cloverleaf. A comparison with ancestral gastropods reveals distinct differences in three gene clusters (or genes), encompassing 15 tRNAs and eight PCGs. Notably, inversions and translocations represent the major types of rearrangements observed in D. extinctorium. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates robust support for a monophyletic grouping of all Littorinimorpha species, with D. extinctorium representing a distinct Calyptraeoidea clade. In summary, this investigation provides the first complete mitochondrial dataset for a species of the Calyptraeidae, thus providing novel insights into the phylogenetic relationships within the Littorinimorpha.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwen Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Biqi Zheng
- Department of Natural Resources, Ningde Marine Center, Ningde, 352000, China
| | - Jiji Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Kaida Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Yingying Ye
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li F, Liu H, Heng X, Zhang Y, Fan M, Wang S, Liu C, Gu Z, Wang A, Yang Y. The complete mitochondrial genome of Hyotissasinensis (Bivalvia, Ostreoidea) indicates the genetic diversity within Gryphaeidae. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e101333. [PMID: 38327347 PMCID: PMC10848854 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e101333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Different from the true oyster (family Ostreidae), the molecular diversity of the gryphaeid oyster (family Gryphaeidae) has never been sufficiently investigated. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of Hyotissasinensis was sequenced and compared with those of other ostreoids. The total length of H.sinensis mtDNA is 30,385 bp, encoding 12 protein-coding-genes (PCGs), 26 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The nucleotide composition and codon usage preference of H.sinensis mtDNA is similar to that of H.hyotis within the same genus. On the other hand, the presence of three trnM and three trnL genes of H.sinensis was not detected neither in H.hyotis nor other ostroid species. Another unique character of H.sinensis mtDNA is that both rrnS and rrnL have a nearly identical duplication. The PCG order of H.sinensis is identical to H.hyotis and the two congener species also share an identical block of 12 tRNA genes. The tRNA rearrangements mostly happen in the region from Cox1 to Nad3, the same area where the duplicated genes are located. The rearrangements within Gryphaeidae could be explained by a "repeat-random loss model". Phylogenetic analyses revealed Gryphaeidae formed by H.sinensis + H.hyotis as sister to Ostreidae, whereas the phylogenetic relationship within the latter group remains unresolved. The present study indicated the mitogenomic diversity within Gryphaeidae and could also provide important data for future better understanding the gene order rearrangements within superfamily Ostreoidea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaCollege of Marine Science, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Hongyue Liu
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, ChinaInstitute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xin Heng
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaCollege of Marine Science, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, ChinaSanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of ChinaSanyaChina
| | - Mingfu Fan
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaCollege of Marine Science, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Shunshun Wang
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaCollege of Marine Science, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaCollege of Marine Science, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaCollege of Marine Science, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Aimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
- College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaCollege of Marine Science, Hainan UniversityHaikouChina
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, ChinaSanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan UniversitySanyaChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li R, Jiang L, Li Y. Characterization of the complete mitogenome of brown-spotted locust, Cyrtacanthacris tatarica (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Cyrtacanthacridinae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2022; 7:613-615. [PMID: 35402710 PMCID: PMC8986197 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2059409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome of Cyrtacanthacris tatarica was firstly sequenced and analyzed. The circular mitogenome was 15,679 bp long, showing a bias of AT rich on the majority strand (42.34% of A, 29.99% of T, 11.19% of G, and 16.18% of C). It consisted of the typical 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer tRNA genes) and one longest non-coding region (called as control region). All PCGs used standard ATN initiation codons, and most PCGs were terminated with complete codons (TAA/TAG), apart from cox1 and nad5. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of PCGs supported that Cyrtacanthacridinae was monophyletic, and the sister group relationship between C. tatarica and Schistocerca gregaria gregaria was determined. Our results may provide molecular information for the genetic evolution and taxonomy of the acridid species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lina Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yujian Li
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Feng JT, Xia LP, Yan CR, Miao J, Ye YY, Li JJ, Guo BY, Lü ZM. Characterization of four mitochondrial genomes of family Neritidae (Gastropoda: Neritimorpha) and insight into its phylogenetic relationships. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11748. [PMID: 34083683 PMCID: PMC8175686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91313-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neritidae is one of the most diverse families of Neritimorpha and possesses euryhaline properties. Members of this family usually live on tropical and subtropical coasts and are mainly gregarious. The phylogenetic relationships between several subclasses of Gastropoda have been controversial for many years. With an increase in the number of described species of Neritidae, the knowledge of the evolutionary relationships in this family has improved. In the present study, we sequenced four complete mitochondrial genomes from two genera (Clithon and Nerita) and compared them with available complete mitochondrial genomes of Neritidae. Gene order exhibited a highly conserved pattern among three genera in the Neritidae family. Our results improved the phylogenetic resolution within Neritidae, and more comprehensive taxonomic sampling of subclass Neritimorpha was proposed. Furthermore, we reconstructed the divergence among the main lineages of 19 Neritimorpha taxa under an uncorrelated relaxed molecular clock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Tong Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Li-Ping Xia
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Cheng-Rui Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Jing Miao
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Ying-Ying Ye
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China.
| | - Ji-Ji Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Bao-Ying Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China.
| | - Zhen-Ming Lü
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen X, Li C, Song Y. The complete mitochondrial genomes of two erythroneurine leafhoppers (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae, Erythroneurini) with assessment of the phylogenetic status and relationships of tribes of Typhlocybinae. Zookeys 2021; 1037:137-159. [PMID: 34054318 PMCID: PMC8144164 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1037.63671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The number and classification of tribes in the leafhopper subfamily Typhlocybinae are not yet fully clear, and molecular data has recently been used to help resolve the problem. In this study, the mitochondrial genomes of Mitjaeviashibingensis Chen, Song & Webb, 2020 and M.dworakowskae Chen, Song & Webb, 2020 of the tribe Erythroneurini (Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae) were sequenced. Most protein-coding genes (PCGs) start with ATN and end with TAA or TAG, and the AT content of these three codons were found differ from previous results that show that the first codon has the highest incidence. Two rRNA genes are highly conserved, and the AT content in 16S is higher than that of 12S. The nucleotide diversity and genetic distance among 13 PCGs of the four tribes from Typhlocybinae show that Empoascini nucleotide diversity is significantly less than in the other three tribes, and have the largest distance from the others, while Typhlocybini and Zyginellini have the smallest distance, indicating that the relationship between the two is the closest. The nad2, nad4, nad4L, and nad5 genes have greater nucleotide diversity, showing potential for use as the main markers for species identification. The phylogenetic analysis yielded a well-supported topology with most branches receiving maximum support and a few branches pertaining to relationships within Zyginellini and Typhlocybini receiving lower support. The species of these two tribes are intertwined, and it was impossible to resolve them into separate branches. In addition, the tribes Empoascini and Erythroneurini were recovered as monophyletic, and Alebrini was placed at the base of the tree as the most primitive. These results are broadly in line with other molecular phylogenetical studies which differ from traditional morphological classification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Chen
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/ State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Guizhou Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of China, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China
| | - Can Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China Guiyang University Guiyang China
| | - Yuehua Song
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/ State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Guizhou Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of China, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tang Y, Zhang X, Ma Y, Zheng X. Descriptive study of the mitogenome of the diamondback squid (
Thysanoteuthis rhombus
Troschel, 1857) and the evolution of mitogenome arrangement in oceanic squids. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tang
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Qingdao China
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Qingdao China
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Qingdao China
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Qingdao China
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang Y, Abalde S, Afonso CL, Tenorio MJ, Puillandre N, Templado J, Zardoya R. Mitogenomic phylogeny of mud snails of the mostly Atlantic/Mediterranean genus
Tritia
(Gastropoda: Nassariidae). ZOOL SCR 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN‐CSIC) Madrid Spain
| | - Samuel Abalde
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN‐CSIC) Madrid Spain
| | | | - Manuel J. Tenorio
- Departamento CMIM y Q. Inorgánica‐INBIO Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Cadiz Puerto Real Spain
| | - Nicolas Puillandre
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversité des Antilles Paris France
| | - José Templado
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN‐CSIC) Madrid Spain
| | - Rafael Zardoya
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN‐CSIC) Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang C, Chen H, Tian S, Yang C, Chen X. Novel Gene Rearrangement and the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Cynoglossus monopus: Insights into the Envolution of the Family Cynoglossidae (Pleuronectiformes). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6895. [PMID: 32962212 PMCID: PMC7555148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cynoglossus monopus, a small benthic fish, belongs to the Cynoglossidae, Pleuronectiformes. It was rarely studied due to its low abundance and cryptical lifestyle. In order to understand the mitochondrial genome and the phylogeny in Cynoglossidae, the complete mitogenome of C. monopus has been sequenced and analyzed for the first time. The total length is 16,425 bp, typically containing 37 genes with novel gene rearrangements. The tRNA-Gln gene is inverted from the light to the heavy strand and translocated from the downstream of tRNA-Ile gene to its upstream. The control region (CR) translocated downstream to the 3'-end of ND1 gene adjoining to inverted to tRNA-Gln and left a 24 bp trace fragment in the original position. The phylogenetic trees were reconstructed by Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods based on the mitogenomic data of 32 tonguefish species and two outgroups. The results support the idea that Cynoglossidae is a monophyletic group and indicate that C. monopus has the closest phylogenetic relationship with C. puncticeps. By combining fossil records and mitogenome data, the time-calibrated evolutionary tree of families Cynoglossidae and Soleidae was firstly presented, and it was indicated that Cynoglossidae and Soleidae were differentiated from each other during Paleogene, and the evolutionary process of family Cynoglossidae covered the Quaternary, Neogene and Paleogene periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (C.W.); (S.T.); (C.Y.)
| | - Hao Chen
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Silin Tian
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (C.W.); (S.T.); (C.Y.)
| | - Cheng Yang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (C.W.); (S.T.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xiao Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (C.W.); (S.T.); (C.Y.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|