1
|
Hafez HA, Atoom AM, Khafaga RHM, Shaker SA, Kamel MA, Assem NM, Mahmoud SA. Direct-Acting Antiviral Drug Modulates the Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Different Tissues of Young Female Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15844. [PMID: 37958828 PMCID: PMC10647297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is endemic in Egypt, with the highest prevalence rate worldwide. Sofosbuvir (SOF) is a nucleos(t)ide analog that specifically inhibits HCV replication. This study aimed to explore the possible effects of the therapeutic dose of SOF on the mitochondrial biogenesis and functions of the liver, muscle, and ovarian tissues of young normal female rats. (2) Methods: This study was conducted on 20 female Wistar rats, classified into two groups, the control group and the exposed group; the latter was orally supplemented with 4 mg/kg/day of SOF for 3 months. (3) Results: The exposure to SOF impairs mitochondrial biogenesis via mitochondrial DNA copy number decline and suppressed mitochondrial biogenesis-regulated parameters at mRNA and protein levels. Also, SOF suppresses the DNA polymerase γ (POLG) expression, citrate synthase activity, and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit-5 (ND5) content, which impairs mitochondrial functions. SOF increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage markers and decreased tissue expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nfe2l2). (4) Conclusions: The present findings demonstrate the adverse effects of SOF on mitochondrial biogenesis and function in different tissues of young female rats, which mostly appeared in ovarian tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hala A. Hafez
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (R.H.M.K.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Ali M. Atoom
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19111, Jordan;
| | - Rana H. M. Khafaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (R.H.M.K.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Sara A. Shaker
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (R.H.M.K.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Maher A. Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (R.H.M.K.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Nagwa M. Assem
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (R.H.M.K.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Shimaa A. Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (R.H.M.K.); (S.A.S.); (N.M.A.); (S.A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cabrera AR, Deaver JW, Lim S, Morena da Silva F, Schrems ER, Saling LW, Tsitkanou S, Rosa-Caldwell ME, Wiggs MP, Washington TA, Greene NP. Females display relatively preserved muscle quality compared with males during the onset and early stages of C26-induced cancer cachexia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:655-672. [PMID: 37535708 PMCID: PMC10642509 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is clinically defined by involuntary weight loss >5% in <6 mo, primarily affecting skeletal muscle. Here, we aimed to identify sex differences in the onset of colorectal cancer cachexia with specific consideration to skeletal muscle contractile and metabolic functions. Eight-weeks old BALB/c mice (69 males, 59 females) received subcutaneous C26 allografts or PBS vehicle. Tumors were developed for 10-, 15-, 20-, or 25 days. Muscles and organs were collected, in vivo muscle contractility, protein synthesis rate, mitochondrial function, and protein turnover markers were assessed. One-way ANOVA within sex and trend analysis between sexes were performed, P < 0.05. Gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles became atrophic in male mice at 25 days, whereas female mice exhibited no significant differences in muscle weights at endpoints despite presenting hallmarks of cancer cachexia (fat loss, hepatosplenomegaly). We observed lowered muscle contractility and protein synthesis concomitantly to muscle mass decay in males, with higher proteolytic markers in muscles of both sexes. mRNA of Opa1 was lower in TA, whereas Bnip3 was higher in gastrocnemius after 25 days in male mice, with no significant effect in female mice. Our data suggest relative protections to skeletal muscle in females compared with males despite other canonical signs of cancer cachexia and increased protein degradation markers; suggesting we should place onus upon nonmuscle tissues during early stages of cancer cachexia in females. We noted potential protective mechanisms relating to skeletal muscle contractile and mitochondrial functions. Our findings underline possible heterogeneity in onset of cancer cachexia between biological sexes, suggesting the need for sex-specific approaches to treat cancer cachexia.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study demonstrates biological-sex differences in phenotypic characteristics of cancer cachexia between male and female mice, whereby females display many common characteristics of cachexia (gonadal fat loss and hepatosplenomegaly), protein synthesis markers alterations, and common catabolic markers in skeletal muscle despite relatively preserved muscle mass in early-stage cachexia compared with males. Mechanisms of cancer cachexia appear to differ between sexes. Data suggest need to place onus of early cancer cachexia detection and treatment on nonmuscle tissues in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Regina Cabrera
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
| | - J William Deaver
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Seongkyun Lim
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
| | - Francielly Morena da Silva
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
| | - Eleanor R Schrems
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
| | - Landen W Saling
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
| | - Stavroula Tsitkanou
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
| | - Megan E Rosa-Caldwell
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Michael P Wiggs
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States
| | - Tyrone A Washington
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
| | - Nicholas P Greene
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang F, Zhou T, Zhou CX, Zhang QB, Wang H, Zhou Y. The worsening of skeletal muscle atrophy induced by immobilization at the early stage of remobilization correlates with BNIP3-dependent mitophagy. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:632. [PMID: 37542244 PMCID: PMC10401904 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that immobilization enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitophagy activity in atrophic skeletal muscle. However, there are relatively few studies examining the biological changes and underlying mechanisms of skeletal muscle during remobilization. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of remobilization on skeletal muscle and explore the role of BNIP3-dependent mitophagy in this process. METHODS Thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups based on immobilization and remobilization time: control (C), immobilization for two weeks (I-2w), and remobilization for one day (R-1d), three days (R-3d), seven days (R-7d), and two weeks (R-2w). At the end of the experimental period, the rectus femoris muscles were removed and weighed, and the measurements were expressed as the ratio of muscle wet weight to body weight (MWW/BW). Sirius Red staining was performed to calculate the values of cross-sectional area (CSA) of rectus femoris. Oxidative fluorescent dihydroethidium was used to evaluate the production of ROS, and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also detected. The morphological changes of mitochondria and the formation of mitophagosomes in rectus femoris were examined and evaluated by transmission electron microscope. Immunofluorescence was employed to detect the co-localization of BNIP3 and LC3B, while Western blot analysis was performed to quantify the levels of proteins associated with mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. The total ATP content of the rectus femoris was determined to assess mitochondrial function. RESULTS Within the first three days of remobilization, the rats demonstrated decreased MWW/BW, CSA, and ATP concentration, along with increased ROS production and HIF-1α protein levels in the rectus femoris. Results also indicated that remobilization triggered BNIP3-dependent mitophagy, supported by the accumulation of mitophagosomes, the degradation of mitochondrial proteins (including HSP60 and COX IV), the elevation of BNIP3-dependent mitophagy protein markers (including BNIP3, LC3B-II/LC3B-I, and Beclin-1), and the accumulation of puncta representing co-localization of BNIP3 with LC3B. Additionally, PGC-1α, which is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, was upregulated within the first seven days of remobilization to counteract this adverse effect. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that BNIP3-denpendent mitophagy was sustained activated at the early stages of remobilization, and it might contribute to the worsening of skeletal muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Chen Xu Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Quan Bing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China.
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang QB, Liu AY, Fang QZ, Wang F, Wang H, Zhou Y. Effect of Electrical Stimulation on Disuse Muscular Atrophy Induced by Immobilization: Correlation With Upregulation of PERK Signal and Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2023; 102:692-700. [PMID: 36630294 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000002182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of the study are to investigate the effect of electrical stimulation on disuse muscular atrophy induced by immobilization (IM) and to explore the role of PERK signal and Parkin-dependent mitophagy in this process. DESIGN In the first subexperiment, 24 rabbits were divided into four groups, which underwent different periods of IM. In the second subexperiment, 24 rabbits were divided into four groups on average in accordance with different kinds of interventions. To test the time-dependent changes of rectus femoris after IM, and to evaluate the effect of electrical stimulation, the wet weights, cross-sectional area and fat deposition of rectus femoris were assessed in this study, along with the protein levels of atrogin-1, p-PERK, Parkin, and COXIV. RESULTS The wet weights and cross-sectional area decreased, and the fat deposition increased in rectus femoris after IM, along with the elevated protein levels of atrogin-1, p-PERK, Parkin, and decreased protein levels of COXIV. The above histomorphological and molecular changes can be partially ameliorated by electrical stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Immobilization of unilateral lower limb could induce rectus femoris atrophy, which can be partially rectified by electrical stimulation. PERK signal and Parkin-mediated mitophagy may be the mechanisms by which electrical stimulation can play a significant role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Bing Zhang
- From the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Q-BZ, FW, YZ); The Center for Scientific Research of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (A-YL); The Second Clinical Medicine College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Q-ZF); Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China (HW); and Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (HW)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
F AR, Quadrilatero J. Emerging role of mitophagy in myoblast differentiation and skeletal muscle remodeling. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 143:54-65. [PMID: 34924331 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial turnover in the form of mitophagy is emerging as a central process in maintaining cellular function. The degradation of damaged mitochondria through mitophagy is particularly important in cells/tissues that exhibit high energy demands. Skeletal muscle is one such tissue that requires precise turnover of mitochondria in several conditions in order to optimize energy production and prevent bioenergetic crisis. For instance, the formation of skeletal muscle (i.e., myogenesis) is accompanied by robust turnover of low-functioning mitochondria to eventually allow the formation of high-functioning mitochondria. In mature skeletal muscle, alterations in mitophagy-related signaling occur during exercise, aging, and various disease states. Nonetheless, several questions regarding the direct role of mitophagy in various skeletal muscle conditions remain unknown. Furthermore, given the heterogenous nature of skeletal muscle with respect to various cellular and molecular properties, and the plasticity in these properties in various conditions, the involvement and characterization of mitophagy requires more careful consideration in this tissue. Therefore, this review will highlight the known mechanisms of mitophagy in skeletal muscle, and discuss their involvement during myogenesis and various skeletal muscle conditions. This review also provides important considerations for the accurate measurement of mitophagy and interpretation of data in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Rahman F
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Joe Quadrilatero
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peris-Moreno D, Malige M, Claustre A, Armani A, Coudy-Gandilhon C, Deval C, Béchet D, Fafournoux P, Sandri M, Combaret L, Taillandier D, Polge C. UBE2L3, a Partner of MuRF1/TRIM63, Is Involved in the Degradation of Myofibrillar Actin and Myosin. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081974. [PMID: 34440743 PMCID: PMC8392593 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the main player of skeletal muscle wasting, a common characteristic of many diseases (cancer, etc.) that negatively impacts treatment and life prognosis. Within the UPS, the E3 ligase MuRF1/TRIM63 targets for degradation several myofibrillar proteins, including the main contractile proteins alpha-actin and myosin heavy chain (MHC). We previously identified five E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes interacting with MuRF1, including UBE2L3/UbcH7, that exhibited a high affinity for MuRF1 (KD = 50 nM). Here, we report a main effect of UBE2L3 on alpha-actin and MHC degradation in catabolic C2C12 myotubes. Consistently UBE2L3 knockdown in Tibialis anterior induced hypertrophy in dexamethasone (Dex)-treated mice, whereas overexpression worsened the muscle atrophy of Dex-treated mice. Using combined interactomic approaches, we also characterized the interactions between MuRF1 and its substrates alpha-actin and MHC and found that MuRF1 preferentially binds to filamentous F-actin (KD = 46.7 nM) over monomeric G-actin (KD = 450 nM). By contrast with actin that did not alter MuRF1–UBE2L3 affinity, binding of MHC to MuRF1 (KD = 8 nM) impeded UBE2L3 binding, suggesting that differential interactions prevail with MuRF1 depending on both the substrate and the E2. Our data suggest that UBE2L3 regulates contractile proteins levels and skeletal muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Peris-Moreno
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Mélodie Malige
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Agnès Claustre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35100 Padova, Italy; (A.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Cécile Coudy-Gandilhon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Christiane Deval
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniel Béchet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Pierre Fafournoux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35100 Padova, Italy; (A.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Lydie Combaret
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniel Taillandier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Cécile Polge
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH Unité de Nutrition Humaine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.P.-M.); (M.M.); (A.C.); (C.C.-G.); (C.D.); (D.B.); (P.F.); (L.C.); (D.T.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cussonneau L, Boyer C, Brun C, Deval C, Loizon E, Meugnier E, Gueret E, Dubois E, Taillandier D, Polge C, Béchet D, Gauquelin-Koch G, Evans AL, Arnemo JM, Swenson JE, Blanc S, Simon C, Lefai E, Bertile F, Combaret L. Concurrent BMP Signaling Maintenance and TGF-β Signaling Inhibition Is a Hallmark of Natural Resistance to Muscle Atrophy in the Hibernating Bear. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081873. [PMID: 34440643 PMCID: PMC8393865 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy arises from a multiplicity of physio-pathological situations and has very detrimental consequences for the whole body. Although knowledge of muscle atrophy mechanisms keeps growing, there is still no proven treatment to date. This study aimed at identifying new drivers for muscle atrophy resistance. We selected an innovative approach that compares muscle transcriptome between an original model of natural resistance to muscle atrophy, the hibernating brown bear, and a classical model of induced atrophy, the unloaded mouse. Using RNA sequencing, we identified 4415 differentially expressed genes, including 1746 up- and 2369 down-regulated genes, in bear muscles between the active versus hibernating period. We focused on the Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β and the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) pathways, respectively, involved in muscle mass loss and maintenance. TGF-β- and BMP-related genes were overall down- and up-regulated in the non-atrophied muscles of the hibernating bear, respectively, and the opposite occurred for the atrophied muscles of the unloaded mouse. This was further substantiated at the protein level. Our data suggest TGF-β/BMP balance is crucial for muscle mass maintenance during long-term physical inactivity in the hibernating bear. Thus, concurrent activation of the BMP pathway may potentiate TGF-β inhibiting therapies already targeted to prevent muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cussonneau
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (L.C.); Tel.: +(33)4-7362-4824 (Lydie Combaret)
| | - Christian Boyer
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Charlotte Brun
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Christiane Deval
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Emmanuelle Loizon
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRAE 1397, University of Lyon, F-69600 Oullins, France; (E.L.); (E.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Emmanuelle Meugnier
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRAE 1397, University of Lyon, F-69600 Oullins, France; (E.L.); (E.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Elise Gueret
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France; (E.G.); (E.D.)
- Montpellier GenomiX, France Génomique, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Emeric Dubois
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France; (E.G.); (E.D.)
- Montpellier GenomiX, France Génomique, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Daniel Taillandier
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Cécile Polge
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Daniel Béchet
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | | | - Alina L. Evans
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Evenstad, NO-2480 Koppang, Norway; (A.L.E.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Jon M. Arnemo
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Evenstad, NO-2480 Koppang, Norway; (A.L.E.); (J.M.A.)
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jon E. Swenson
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 Ås, Norway;
| | - Stéphane Blanc
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Chantal Simon
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM 1060, INRAE 1397, University of Lyon, F-69600 Oullins, France; (E.L.); (E.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Etienne Lefai
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Fabrice Bertile
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (C.B.); (S.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Lydie Combaret
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.B.); (C.D.); (D.T.); (C.P.); (D.B.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (L.C.); Tel.: +(33)4-7362-4824 (Lydie Combaret)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Memme JM, Slavin M, Moradi N, Hood DA. Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Turnover during Chronic Muscle Disuse. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105179. [PMID: 34068411 PMCID: PMC8153634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periods of muscle disuse promote marked mitochondrial alterations that contribute to the impaired metabolic health and degree of atrophy in the muscle. Thus, understanding the molecular underpinnings of muscle mitochondrial decline with prolonged inactivity is of considerable interest. There are translational applications to patients subjected to limb immobilization following injury, illness-induced bed rest, neuropathies, and even microgravity. Studies in these patients, as well as on various pre-clinical rodent models have elucidated the pathways involved in mitochondrial quality control, such as mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, fission and fusion, and the corresponding mitochondrial derangements that underlie the muscle atrophy that ensues from inactivity. Defective organelles display altered respiratory function concurrent with increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which exacerbate myofiber atrophy via degradative pathways. The preservation of muscle quality and function is critical for maintaining mobility throughout the lifespan, and for the prevention of inactivity-related diseases. Exercise training is effective in preserving muscle mass by promoting favourable mitochondrial adaptations that offset the mitochondrial dysfunction, which contributes to the declines in muscle and whole-body metabolic health. This highlights the need for further investigation of the mechanisms in which mitochondria contribute to disuse-induced atrophy, as well as the specific molecular targets that can be exploited therapeutically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David A. Hood
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(416)-736-2100 (ext. 66640)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Triolo M, Hood DA. Manifestations of Age on Autophagy, Mitophagy and Lysosomes in Skeletal Muscle. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051054. [PMID: 33946883 PMCID: PMC8146406 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the loss of both muscle mass and function with age. Although the molecular underpinnings of sarcopenia are not fully understood, numerous pathways are implicated, including autophagy, in which defective cargo is selectively identified and degraded at the lysosome. The specific tagging and degradation of mitochondria is termed mitophagy, a process important for the maintenance of an organelle pool that functions efficiently in energy production and with relatively low reactive oxygen species production. Emerging data, yet insufficient, have implicated various steps in this pathway as potential contributors to the aging muscle atrophy phenotype. Included in this is the lysosome, the end-stage organelle possessing a host of proteolytic and degradative enzymes, and a function devoted to the hydrolysis and breakdown of defective molecular complexes and organelles. This review provides a summary of our current understanding of how the autophagy-lysosome system is regulated in aging muscle, highlighting specific areas where knowledge gaps exist. Characterization of the autophagy pathway with a particular focus on the lysosome will undoubtedly pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat age-related muscle loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Triolo
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - David A. Hood
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(416)-736-2100 (ext. 66640)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Doblado L, Lueck C, Rey C, Samhan-Arias AK, Prieto I, Stacchiotti A, Monsalve M. Mitophagy in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083903. [PMID: 33918863 PMCID: PMC8069949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a selective autophagic process, essential for cellular homeostasis, that eliminates dysfunctional mitochondria. Activated by inner membrane depolarization, it plays an important role during development and is fundamental in highly differentiated post-mitotic cells that are highly dependent on aerobic metabolism, such as neurons, muscle cells, and hepatocytes. Both defective and excessive mitophagy have been proposed to contribute to age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, metabolic diseases, vascular complications of diabetes, myocardial injury, muscle dystrophy, and liver disease, among others. Pharmacological or dietary interventions that restore mitophagy homeostasis and facilitate the elimination of irreversibly damaged mitochondria, thus, could serve as potential therapies in several chronic diseases. However, despite extraordinary advances in this field, mainly derived from in vitro and preclinical animal models, human applications based on the regulation of mitochondrial quality in patients have not yet been approved. In this review, we summarize the key selective mitochondrial autophagy pathways and their role in prevalent chronic human diseases and highlight the potential use of specific interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Doblado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Claudia Lueck
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Claudia Rey
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
| | - Alejandro K. Samhan-Arias
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid e Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Prieto
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Isaac Peral 42, 28015 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alessandra Stacchiotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universita’ Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
- U.O. Laboratorio di Morfologia Umana Applicata, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.); (C.L.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Peris-Moreno D, Cussonneau L, Combaret L, Polge C, Taillandier D. Ubiquitin Ligases at the Heart of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Control. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020407. [PMID: 33466753 PMCID: PMC7829870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle loss is a detrimental side-effect of numerous chronic diseases that dramatically increases mortality and morbidity. The alteration of protein homeostasis is generally due to increased protein breakdown while, protein synthesis may also be down-regulated. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a master regulator of skeletal muscle that impacts muscle contractile properties and metabolism through multiple levers like signaling pathways, contractile apparatus degradation, etc. Among the different actors of the UPS, the E3 ubiquitin ligases specifically target key proteins for either degradation or activity modulation, thus controlling both pro-anabolic or pro-catabolic factors. The atrogenes MuRF1/TRIM63 and MAFbx/Atrogin-1 encode for key E3 ligases that target contractile proteins and key actors of protein synthesis respectively. However, several other E3 ligases are involved upstream in the atrophy program, from signal transduction control to modulation of energy balance. Controlling E3 ligases activity is thus a tempting approach for preserving muscle mass. While indirect modulation of E3 ligases may prove beneficial in some situations of muscle atrophy, some drugs directly inhibiting their activity have started to appear. This review summarizes the main signaling pathways involved in muscle atrophy and the E3 ligases implicated, but also the molecules potentially usable for future therapies.
Collapse
|
12
|
Uda M, Yoshihara T, Ichinoseki-Sekine N, Baba T, Yoshioka T. Potential roles of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin pathway for mitochondrial protein degradation in disuse-induced soleus muscle atrophy in adult rats. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243660. [PMID: 33296434 PMCID: PMC7725317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive nitric oxide (NO) production and mitochondrial dysfunction can activate protein degradation in disuse-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. However, the increase in NO production in atrophied muscles remains controversial. In addition, although several studies have investigated the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin pathway, a mitophagy pathway, in atrophied muscle, the involvement of this pathway in soleus muscle atrophy is unclear. In this study, we investigated the involvement of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and the PINK1/Parkin pathway in soleus muscle atrophy induced by 14 days of hindlimb unloading (HU) in adult rats. HU lowered the weight of the soleus muscles. nNOS expression showed an increase in atrophied soleus muscles. Although HU increased malondialdehyde as oxidative modification of the protein, it decreased 6-nitrotryptophan, a marker of protein nitration. Additionally, the nitrosocysteine content and S-nitrosylated Parkin were not altered, suggesting the absence of excessive nitrosative stress after HU. The expression of PINK1 and Parkin was also unchanged, whereas the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), which is required for Parkin activity, was reduced in atrophied soleus muscles. Moreover, we observed accumulation and reduced ubiquitination of high molecular weight mitofusin 2, which is a target of Parkin, in atrophied soleus muscles. These results indicate that excessive NO is not produced in atrophied soleus muscles despite nNOS accumulation, suggesting that excessive NO dose not mediate in soleus muscle atrophy at least after 14 days of HU. Furthermore, the PINK1/Parkin pathway may not play a role in mitophagy at this time point. In contrast, the activity of Parkin may be downregulated because of reduced HSP70 expression, which may contribute to attenuated degradation of target proteins in the atrophied soleus muscles after 14 days of HU. The present study provides new insights into the roles of nNOS and a protein degradation pathway in soleus muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munehiro Uda
- School of Nursing, Hirosaki Gakuin University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Toshinori Yoshihara
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noriko Ichinoseki-Sekine
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, The Open University of Japan, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Baba
- School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|