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Karmakar P, Finnegan TJ, Rostam DC, Taneja S, Uçar S, Hansen AL, Moore CE, Hadad CM, Pratumyot K, Parquette JR, Badjić JD. Molecular bowls for inclusion complexation of toxic anticancer drug methotrexate. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10155-10163. [PMID: 38966368 PMCID: PMC11220613 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05627a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
We describe the preparation and study of novel cavitands, molecular bowls 16+ and 26+, as good binders of the anticancer drug methotrexate (MTX). Molecular bowls are comprised of a curved tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ) core conjugated to three macrocyclic pyridinium units at the top. The cavitands are easily accessible via two synthetic steps from hexabromo-tribenzotriquinacene in 25% yield. As amphiphilic molecules, bowls 16+ and 26+ self-associate in water by the nucleation-to-aggregation pathway (NMR). The bowls are preorganized, having a semi-rigid framework comprising a fixed bottom with a wobbling pyridinium rim (VT NMR and MD). Further studies, both experimental (NMR) and computational (DFT and MCMM), suggested that a folded MTX occupies the cavity of bowls wherein it forms π-π, C-H-π, and ion pairing intermolecular contacts but also undergoes desolvation to give stable binary complexes (μM) in water. Moreover, a computational protocol is introduced to identify docking pose(s) of MTX inside molecular bowls from NMR shielding data. Both molecular bowls have shown in vitro biocompatibility with liver and kidney cell lines (MTS assay). As bowl 26+ is the strongest binder of MTX reported to date, we envision it as an excellent candidate for further studies on the way toward developing an antidote capable of removing MTX from overdosed cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
- Supramolecular Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru Bangkok 10140 Thailand
| | - Tyler J Finnegan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Darian C Rostam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Sagarika Taneja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Sefa Uçar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry Erzurum 25240 Turkey
| | - Alexandar L Hansen
- Campus Chemical Instrumentation Center, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Christopher M Hadad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Kornkanya Pratumyot
- Supramolecular Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru Bangkok 10140 Thailand
| | - Jon R Parquette
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Jovica D Badjić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
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Le Questel JY. Conformations and Physicochemical Properties of Biological Ligands in Various Environments. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119630. [PMID: 37298581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
An accurate description of the conformational behavior of drug-like molecules is often a prerequisite for a comprehensive understanding of their behavior, in particular in the targeted receptor surroundings [...].
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Bencze F, Bognár B, Kálai T, Kollár L, Nagymihály Z, Kunsági-Máté S. A New Application of Spin and Fluorescence Double-Sensor Molecules. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072978. [PMID: 37049741 PMCID: PMC10096054 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
EPR imaging techniques are known to be successful tools for mapping living bodies, especially because of the high transparency of tissues in the microwave range. This technique assumes the presence of radicals whose in vivo transport is also controlled by serum albumins. Accordingly, in this study, the interactions between 3-hydroxymethyl-1-oxyl-4-(pyren-1-yl)-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole radical and the human serum albumin molecules were investigated. To clarify the adsorption processes of this radical onto the surface of human serum albumin (HSA), the interaction of the OMe derivative of the radical was also examined parallel with the studies on the radical—HSA interactions. Considering the solubility issues and also to modulate the transport, inclusion complexes of the radical with a cavitand derivative were also studied. The latter interactions were observed through fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence polarization, and by EPR spectroscopy. As a double-sensor molecule, we found that the fluorophore nitroxide is a good candidate as it gave further information about host-guest interactions (fluorescence, fluorescence polarization, and EPR). We also found that in the presence of a cavitand, a complex with greater stability was formed between the sensor molecule and the human serum albumin. Based on these observations, we can conclude that applying this double-sensor (spin, fluorescent) molecule is useful in cases when different interactions can affect the EPR measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flórián Bencze
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Honvéd Street 1, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balázs Bognár
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Honvéd Street 1, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kálai
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Honvéd Street 1, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Kollár
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- ELKH-PTE Research Group for Selective Syntheses, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Nagymihály
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sandor Kunsági-Máté
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Honvéd Street 1, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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Kiss L, Nagymihály Z, Kollár L, Kunsági-Máté S. Voltammetric and Fluorimetric Studies of Dibenzoylmethane on Glassy Carbon Electrodes and Its Interaction with Tetrakis (3,5-Dicarboxyphenoxy) Cavitand Derivative. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010185. [PMID: 36615382 PMCID: PMC9821916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to the medical importance of dibenzoylmethane, one of the aims of the study was to find an appropriate packing material and a biologically friendly co-solvent to help its introduction into living systems. Accordingly, redox properties of dibenzoylmethane were investigated on glassy carbon electrodes in acetonitrile and in 1-propanol with cyclic voltammetry, and showed a diffusion-controlled process. In the anodic window, an oxidation peak appeared at around 1.9 V in both solvents. Cycling repeatedly between 0 and 2 V, the reproducibility of this peak was acceptable, but when extending the window to higher potentials, the electrode deactivated, obviously due to electrode material. The addition of the investigated tetrakis(3,5-dicarboxyphenoxy) cavitand did not significantly change the voltammograms. Further electrochemical experiments showed that the coexistence of water in acetonitrile and 1-propanol drastically reduces the solubility of dibenzoylmethane. Moreover, very rapid electrode deactivation occurred and this fact made the use of electrochemical methods complicated. Considering that both the cavitand and dibenzoylmethane are soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide, the interaction of these species was investigated and formation of stable complexes was detected. This observation was verified with fluorescence quenching studies. The mixture of water and dimethyl sulphoxide also dramatically improved the solubility of the cavitand-dibenzoylmethane complex at high excess of water. The addition of cavitand improved the solubility of dibenzoylmethane, a property which supports the application of dibenzoylmethane in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Kiss
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Honvéd Street 1, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Nagymihály
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Kollár
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- ELKH-PTE Research Group for Selective Syntheses, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kunsági-Máté
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Honvéd Street 1, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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Mikhailov OV. The Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics (PCCP) Section of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences in Its Publications: The First 300 Thematic Articles in the First 3 Years. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:241. [PMID: 35008667 PMCID: PMC8745423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics Section (PCCP Section) is one of the youngest among the sections of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS)-the year 2021 will only mark three years since its inception [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V Mikhailov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Certification and Quality Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, K. Marx Street 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia
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Weak Interactions of the Isomers of Phototrexate and Two Cavitand Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910764. [PMID: 34639104 PMCID: PMC8509358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions of two conformers of newly synthesized photoswitchable azobenzene analogue of methotrexate, called Phototrexate, with two cavitand derivatives, have been investigated in dimethyl sulfoxide medium. Photoluminescence methods have been applied to determine the complex stabilities and the related enthalpy and entropy changes associated to the complex formation around room temperature. Results show opposite temperature dependence of complex stabilities. The structure of the upper rims of the host molecules and the reordered solvent structure were identified as the background of the opposite tendencies of temperature dependence at molecular level. These results can support the therapeutic application of the photoswitchable phototrexate, because the formation of inclusion complexes is a promising method to regulate the pharmacokinetics of drug molecules.
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