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Chen Q, Sun M, Wang H, Liang X, Yin M, Lin T. Characterization of Chitin Synthase B Gene ( HvChsb) and the Effects on Feeding Behavior in Heortia vitessoides Moore. INSECTS 2023; 14:608. [PMID: 37504614 PMCID: PMC10380562 DOI: 10.3390/insects14070608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The chitin synthase B gene is a key enzyme in the chitin synthesis of insect peritrophic matrix (PM), which affects insects' feeding behavior. The chitin synthase B gene was cloned from the transcription library of Heortia vitessoides Moore. RT-qPCR showed that HvChsb was highly expressed in the larval stage of H. vitessoides, especially on the first day of the pre-pupal stage, as well as in the midgut of larvae and the abdomen of adults. After starvation treatment, HvChsb was found to be significantly inhibited over time. After 48 h of starvation, the feeding experiment showed that HvChsb increased with the prolongation of the re-feeding time. The experimental data showed that feeding affected the expression of HvChsb. HvChsb was effectively silenced via RNA interference; thus, its function was lost, significantly decreasing the survival rate of H. vitessoides. The survival rate from larval-to-pupal stages was only 43.33%, and this rate was accompanied by abnormal phenotypes. It can be seen that HvChsb plays a key role in the average growth and development of H. vitessoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Chen
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingxu Sun
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hanyang Wang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaohan Liang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingliang Yin
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tong Lin
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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2
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Ren M, Lu J, Li D, Yang J, Zhang Y, Dong J, Niu Y, Zhou X, Zhang X. Identification and Functional Characterization of Two Chitin Synthases in the Black Cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:574-583. [PMID: 36757382 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), a seasonal migrant and a prolific generalist, can feed on nearly all vegetables and grain crops, causing considerable economic impacts on a global scale. Given its cryptic nature, A. ipsilon management has been extremely challenging. Chitin synthase (CHS), a key enzyme involved in chitin biosynthetic pathway and crucially important for the growth and development of insects, is the molecular target of chitin synthesis inhibitors, a group of broad-spectrum insecticides that is compatible with Integrated Pest Management practices. In this study, we investigated the potential of targeting chitin synthases to control A. ipsilon. As a result, two chitin synthases, AiCHS1 and AiCHS2, were identified and cloned from A. ipsilon. The temporal-spatial distribution study showed that AiCHS1 was predominantly expressed at the pupal stage and most abundant among tissues of head capsule and integument, while AiCHS2 was mainly expressed at the sixth instar larval stage and tissues of foregut and midgut. RNAi-based functional study confirmed gene silencing caused significant reduction in the expression levels of the corresponding mRNA, as well as resulted in abnormal pupation and mortality, respectively. Furthermore, under the treatment of lufenuron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, A. ipsilon responded with an elevated expression in AiCHS1 and AiCHS2, while larvae showed difficulty in shedding old cuticle, and a cumulative mortality of 69.24% at 48 h. In summary, chitin synthases are crucial for chitin biosynthesis in A. ipsilon and can be targeted for the control (e.g., RNAi-based biopesticides) of this devastating insect pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifeng Ren
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junjiao Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Daqi Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinming Dong
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanbing Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Xianhong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
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Stabilized Double-Stranded RNA Strategy Improves Cotton Resistance to CBW ( Anthonomus grandis). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213713. [PMID: 36430188 PMCID: PMC9691246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton is the most important crop for fiber production worldwide. However, the cotton boll weevil (CBW) is an insect pest that causes significant economic losses in infested areas. Current control methods are costly, inefficient, and environmentally hazardous. Herein, we generated transgenic cotton lines expressing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules to trigger RNA interference-mediated gene silencing in CBW. Thus, we targeted three essential genes coding for chitin synthase 2, vitellogenin, and ecdysis-triggering hormone receptor. The stability of expressed dsRNAs was improved by designing a structured RNA based on a viroid genome architecture. We transformed cotton embryos by inserting a promoter-driven expression cassette that overexpressed the dsRNA into flower buds. The transgenic cotton plants were characterized, and positive PCR transformed events were detected with an average heritability of 80%. Expression of dsRNAs was confirmed in floral buds by RT-qPCR, and the T1 cotton plant generation was challenged with fertilized CBW females. After 30 days, data showed high mortality (around 70%) in oviposited yolks. In adult insects fed on transgenic lines, chitin synthase II and vitellogenin showed reduced expression in larvae and adults, respectively. Developmental delays and abnormalities were also observed in these individuals. Our data remark on the potential of transgenic cotton based on a viroid-structured dsRNA to control CBW.
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Zhang C, Hu W, Yu Z, Liu X, Wang J, Xin T, Zou Z, Xia B. Characterization of Chitin Synthase A cDNA from Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) and Its Response to Diflubenzuron. INSECTS 2022; 13:728. [PMID: 36005353 PMCID: PMC9409846 DOI: 10.3390/insects13080728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is the vector of HLB and one of the most common pests in citrus orchards in southern China. One of the most significant genes in D. citri's growth and development is the chitin synthase gene. In this study, the CHS gene (DcCHSA) of D. citri was cloned and analyzed by bioinformatics. According to RT-qPCR findings, DcCHSA was expressed at many growth processes of D. citri, with the greatest influence in the fifth-instar nymph. The molting failure rate and mortality of D. citri rose as DFB concentration increased in this research, as did the expression level of DcCHSA. Feeding on DcCHSA caused a large drop in target gene expression, affected nymph molting, caused failure or even death in freshly eclosion adults, increased mortality, and reduced the molting success rate over time. These findings showed that DcCHSA was involved in nymph to adult development and may aid in the identification of molecular targets for D. citri regulation. It provided new ideas for further control of D. citri.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bin Xia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-136-1791-5100
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Zhang Z, Song X, Hu H, Wang D, Chen J, Ma Y, Ma X, Ren X, Ma Y. Knockdown of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase and chitin synthase A increases the insecticidal efficiency of Lufenuron to Spodoptera exigua. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 186:105178. [PMID: 35973767 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) has been responsible for causing considerable and widespread agricultural losses worldwide. Owing to strong selective pressure, S. exigua showed increased resistance to Lufenuron (LUF). Consequently, RNA interference (RNAi)-based insecticides had more benefits than chemical insecticides. Therefore, to enhance the insecticidal activity of LUF to S. exigua, in the present study, we aimed to elucidate the impact of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) on S. exigua larval susceptibility to LUF. First, the transcriptome of S. exigua was sequenced following the treatment with LUF. By comparing the upregulated and downregulated GO enrichment, chitin binding and chitin metabolic processes were the significantly enriched pathways. According to transcriptome sequencing, 8 genes associated with chitin biosynthesis, 8 chitin degradation genes, and 17 cuticle protein genes were obtained. UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase (UAP) and Chitin synthase A (CHSA) showed significantly downregulated expression after treatment with different sublethal doses of LUF. Downregulation of UAP increased mortality from 31.97% to 47.91% when the larvae were exposed to LUF. A significant increase in the mortality of S. exigua from 30.63% to 50.19% was observed following LUF administration after dsCHSA. In addition, the expression analysis of genes associated with chitin biosynthesis was significantly changed after LUF treatment, dsRNAs-RNAi, and their combination (LUF-dsRNAs). Significant differences were observed in the chitin content between the control group at 72 h after treatments. Results of the present study can help further elucidate the understanding of the combined effects of RNAi and LUF on S. exigua. Additionally, this research provides a suitable foundation for future studies with the aim to develop an efficient method of delivery for large-scale pest control in the fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Zhang
- Zhengzhou Reseach Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xianpeng Song
- Zhengzhou Reseach Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hongyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Yajie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Zhengzhou Reseach Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Xiangliang Ren
- Zhengzhou Reseach Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Yan Ma
- Zhengzhou Reseach Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
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Jiang LH, Mu LL, Jin L, Anjum AA, Li GQ. RNAi for chitin synthase 1 rather than 2 causes growth delay and molting defect in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 178:104934. [PMID: 34446203 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chitin synthase (CHS) plays a critical role in chitin synthesis and excretion. In most insects, CHSs have been segregated into 1 and 2 classes. CHS1 is responsible for chitin production in the ectodermally-derived epidermal cells. CHS2 is dedicated to chitin biosynthesis in the midgut peritrophic matrix (PM). Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata is a serious pest of Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae plants. In this study, we identified HvCHS1 and HvCHS2. We found that HvCHS1 was abundantly transcribed in the larval tracheae and epidermis, whereas HvCHS2 was mainly expressed in the guts. Escherichia coli HT115 expressed double stranded RNAs targeting HvCHS1 and HvCHS2 (dsCHS1 and dsCHS2) were used to immerse potato foliage and the treated leaves were provided to the newly-molted fourth- and third-instar larvae. Ingestion of dsCHS1 by the fourth-instar larvae significantly diminished the target mRNA level and had slight influence on the expression of HvCHS2. In contrast, consumption of dsCHS2 significantly lowered the target mRNA level but triggered the transcription of HvCHS1. Knockdown of HvCHS1, rather than HvCHS2, arrested larval development and impaired larva-pupa-adult transition. A large proportion of HvCHS1 hypomorphs became stunting prepupae, deformed pupae or misshapen adults. Moreover, knockdown of HvCHS1 damaged gut integrity, decreased cuticle thickness, and delayed the formation of newly-generated cuticle layer during ecdysis. Furthermore, depletion of HvCHS1 inhibited the development of trachea system and thinned tracheal taenidia. Ingestion of dsCHS1 at the third-instar stage caused similar but severe negative effects. Our results demonstrated that HvCHS1 is responsible for chitin biosynthesis during ecdysis. Moreover, HvCHS1 is a potential amenable target gene and young larvae are more susceptible to dsRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hong Jiang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Li-Li Mu
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Lin Jin
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Ahmad Ali Anjum
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Li YJ, Chen HC, Hong TL, Yan MW, Wang J, Shao ZM, Wu FA, Sheng S, Wang J. Identification of chemosensory genes by antennal transcriptome analysis and expression profiles of odorant-binding proteins in parasitoid wasp Aulacocentrum confusum. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2021; 40:100881. [PMID: 34273642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The endoparasitoid wasp, Aulacocentrum confusum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), is a preponderant natural enemy of the larvae of Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), which is a destructive pest of mulberry trees. We first constructed the antennal transcriptome database of A. confusum. In total, we obtained 48,262,304 clean reads from the dataset and assembled 24,324 unigenes. A total of 12,690 (52.17%) unigenes indicated significant similarity (E-value < 10-5) compared to known protein sequences of other species from the NCBI non-redundant protein database. Gene ontology (GO) and cluster of orthologous groups (COG) analyses were used to determine the functional categories of these genes. A total of 84 putative chemosensory genes were identified from the antennal transcriptome of A. confusum, including 11 putative odorant-binding protein (OBP) genes, six chemosensory protein (CSP) genes, 44 olfactory receptor (OR) genes (including one olfactory co-receptor, Orco), 19 ionotropic receptor (IR) genes, and four sensory neuron membrane protein (SNMP) genes. Results of qPCR assays indicated that among of 11 AconOBPs, nine AconOBP genes were significantly expressed in the antennae of A. confusum adults. AconOBP8 was significantly expressed in the abdomen and AconOBP10 was highly expressed in the thorax. These findings can build a basis for further study on the processes of chemosensory perception in A. confusum at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jiangcheng Li
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China
| | - Hong-Chao Chen
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China
| | - Tian-le Hong
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China
| | - Meng-Wen Yan
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China
| | - Zuo-Min Shao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China
| | - Fu-An Wu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China
| | - Sheng Sheng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China; Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, PR China.
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Shao ZM, Ding JH, Jiang DL, Liu ZX, Li YJ, Wang J, Wang J, Sheng S, Wu FA. Characterization and Functional Analysis of trehalase Related to Chitin Metabolism in Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12040370. [PMID: 33924270 PMCID: PMC8074895 DOI: 10.3390/insects12040370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Sericulture has always been threatened by Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (G. pyloalis). Trehalase is an essential enzyme in chitin metabolism and energy supply. In this study, two trehalase genes in G. pyloalis (GpTre1 and GpTre2) were identified and functionally analyzed. Knockdown of the two genes led to the significant downregulation of chitin metabolism pathway-related genes, the difficulty in molting of larvae, and the deformation of adult wings. Moreover, the trehalase inhibitor, Validamycin A, treatment increased GpTre1 and GpTre2 expression and affected the expressions of chitin metabolism pathway-related genes. The inhibitor also caused a significantly increased cumulative mortality of larvae. The results suggested that GpTre1 and GpTre2 played a vital role on G. pyloalis development, which could be useful for providing information for insect pest control in the future. Abstract Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (G. pyloalis) is a serious pest on mulberry. Due to the increasing pesticide resistance, the development of new and effective environmental methods to control G. pyloalis is needed. Trehalase is an essential enzyme in trehalose hydrolysis and energy supply, and it has been considered a promising target for insect pest control. However, the specific function of trehalase in G. pyloalis has not been reported. In this study, two trehalase genes (GpTre1 and GpTre2) were identified from our previous transcriptome database. The functions of the trehalase in chitin metabolism were studied by injecting larvae with dsRNAs and trehalase inhibitor, Validamycin A. The open reading frames (ORFs) of GpTre1 and GpTre2 were 1,704 bp and 1,869 bp, which encoded 567 and 622 amino acid residues, respectively. Both of GpTre1 and GpTre2 were mainly expressed in the head and midgut. The highest expression levels of them were in 5th instar during different development stages. Moreover, knockdown both of GpTre1 and GpTre2 by the dsRNAs led to significantly decreased expression of chitin metabolism pathway-related genes, including GpCHSA, GpCDA1, GpCDA2, GpCHT3a, GpCHT7, GpCHSB, GpCHT-h, GpCHT3b, GpPAGM, and GpUAP, and abnormal phenotypes. Furthermore, the trehalase inhibitor, Validamycin A, treatment increased the expressions of GpTre1 and GpTre2, increased content of trehalose, and decreased the levels of glycogen and glucose. Additionally, the inhibitor caused a significantly increased cumulative mortality of G. pyloalis larvae on the 2nd (16%) to 6th (41.3%) day, and decreased the rate of cumulative pupation (72.3%) compared with the control group (95.6%). After the activities of trehalase were suppressed, the expressions of 6 integument chitin metabolism-related genes decreased significantly at 24 h and increased at 48 h. The expressions of GpCHSB and GpCHT-h, involved in chitin metabolism pathway of peritrophic membrane in the midgut, increased at 24 h and 48 h, and there were no changes to GpCHT3b and GpPAGM. These results reveal that GpTre1 and GpTre2 play an essential role in the growth of G. pyloalis by affecting chitin metabolism, and this provides useful information for insect pest control in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-min Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (J.-h.D.); (D.-l.J.); (Z.-x.L.); (Y.-j.L.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Jian-hao Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (J.-h.D.); (D.-l.J.); (Z.-x.L.); (Y.-j.L.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (S.S.)
| | - De-lei Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (J.-h.D.); (D.-l.J.); (Z.-x.L.); (Y.-j.L.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Zhi-xiang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (J.-h.D.); (D.-l.J.); (Z.-x.L.); (Y.-j.L.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Yi-jiangcheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (J.-h.D.); (D.-l.J.); (Z.-x.L.); (Y.-j.L.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Jiao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (J.-h.D.); (D.-l.J.); (Z.-x.L.); (Y.-j.L.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (J.-h.D.); (D.-l.J.); (Z.-x.L.); (Y.-j.L.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (S.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Sheng Sheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (J.-h.D.); (D.-l.J.); (Z.-x.L.); (Y.-j.L.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (S.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Fu-an Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China; (Z.-m.S.); (J.-h.D.); (D.-l.J.); (Z.-x.L.); (Y.-j.L.); (J.W.); (J.W.); (S.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
- Correspondence:
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The Developmental Transcriptome of Bagworm, Metisa plana (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) and Insights into Chitin Biosynthesis Genes. Genes (Basel) 2020; 12:genes12010007. [PMID: 33374651 PMCID: PMC7822449 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bagworm, Metisa plana (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) is a ubiquitous insect pest in the oil palm plantations. M. plana infestation could reduce the oil palm productivity by 40% if it remains untreated over two consecutive years. Despite the urgency to tackle this issue, the genome and transcriptome of M. plana have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we report a comprehensive transcriptome dataset from four different developmental stages of M. plana, comprising of egg, third instar larva, pupa and female adult. The de novo transcriptome assembly of the raw data had produced a total of 193,686 transcripts, which were then annotated against UniProt, NCBI non-redundant (NR) database, Gene Ontology, Cluster of Orthologous Group, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases. From this, 46,534 transcripts were annotated and mapped to 146 known metabolic or signalling KEGG pathways. The paper further identified 41 differentially expressed transcripts encoding seven genes in the chitin biosynthesis pathways, and their expressions across each developmental stage were further analysed. The genetic diversity of M. plana was profiled whereby there were 21,516 microsatellite sequences and 379,895 SNPs loci found in the transcriptome of M. plana. These datasets add valuable transcriptomic resources for further study of developmental gene expression, transcriptional regulations and functional gene activities involved in the development of M. plana. Identification of regulatory genes in the chitin biosynthesis pathway may also help in developing an RNAi-mediated pest control management by targeting certain pathways, and functional studies of the genes in M. plana.
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