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Song Y, Wei D, Wang Q, Guo J, Zhu Y, Shang E, Duan JA. Luteoloside mitigates premature age-related macular degeneration by suppressing p53-p21-Rb1 axis: Insights from transcriptomic analysis, serum metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 248:116296. [PMID: 38878454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Transcriptomics of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients with premature aging revealed the upregulated pathways involved in glycerolipid metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, and pentose and glucuronate interconversion. To investigate natural strategies for modulating these implicated pathways, we examined the impact and underlying mechanism of luteoloside on premature AMD using a stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS)-associated AMD animal model in middle-aged mice that mimicked the dysregulated pathways observed in dry AMD patients with premature aging. Luteoloside supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and lipofuscin, along with increased serum activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and elevated levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), and preserved retinal thickness and structure in AMD mice. Furthermore, luteoloside supplementation effectively reversed the abnormal serum levels of metabolites, particularly by reducing harmful lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) and increasing beneficial 4-guanidinobutanoic acid. In addition to its impact on metabolites, luteoloside modulated the composition of gut microbiota, promoting the enrichment of beneficial bacterial populations, including Lactobacillus, while reducing the abundance of harmful bacterial populations, including Bacteroides. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of luteoloside supplementation in regulating the dysregulated intestinal microbiota and metabolites in premature AMD, thereby reducing ocular levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors through the suppression of the p53-p21-retinoblastoma protein 1 (Rb1) axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Song
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dandan Wei
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Erxin Shang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Yang Q, Zou Y, Wei X, Ye P, Wu Y, Ai H, Zhang Z, Tan J, Zhou J, Yang Y, Dai Q, Dou C, Luo F. PTP1B knockdown alleviates BMSCs senescence via activating AMPK-mediated mitophagy and promotes osteogenesis in senile osteoporosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166795. [PMID: 37385514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is the basis of senile osteoporosis (SOP). Targeting BMSCs senescence is of paramount importance for developing anti-osteoporotic strategy. In this study, we found that protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), an enzyme responsible for tyrosine dephosphorylation, was significantly upregulated in BMSCs and femurs with advancing chronological age. Therefore, the potential role of PTP1B in BMSCs senescence and senile osteoporosis was studied. Firstly, significantly upregulated PTP1B expression along with impaired osteogenic differentiation capacity was observed in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced BMSCs and naturally-aged BMSCs. Furthermore, PTP1B silencing could effectively alleviate senescence, improve mitochondrial dysfunction, and restore osteogenic differentiation in aged BMSCs, which was attributable to enhanced mitophagy mediated by PKM2/AMPK pathway. In addition, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an autophagy inhibitor, significantly reversed the protective effects from PTP1B knockdown. In SOP animal model, transplantation of LVsh-PTP1B-transfected D-gal-induced BMSCs harvested double protective effects, including increased bone formation and reduced osteoclastogenesis. Similarly, HCQ treatment remarkably suppressed osteogenesis of LVsh-PTP1B-transfected D-gal-induced BMSCs in vivo. Taken together, our data demonstrated that PTP1B silencing protects against BMSCs senescence and mitigates SOP via activating AMPK-mediated mitophagy. Targeting PTP1B may represent a promising interventional strategy to attenuate SOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- QianKun Yang
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - YuChi Zou
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - XiaoYu Wei
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peng Ye
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - YuTong Wu
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - HongBo Ai
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Orthopedics Department, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - JiuLin Tan
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiangling Zhou
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - YuSheng Yang
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - QiJie Dai
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ce Dou
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fei Luo
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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He XN, Wu P, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Kuang SY, Tang L, Ren HM, Li H, Feng L, Zhou XQ. Aflatoxin B1 exposure induced developmental toxicity and inhibited muscle development in zebrafish embryos and larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163170. [PMID: 37003331 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), one of the most toxic mycotoxins that contaminates feedstock and food is increasing worldwide. AFB1 can cause various health problems in humans and animals, as well as direct embryotoxicity. However, the direct toxicity of AFB1 on embryonic development, especially foetal foetus muscle development, has not been studied in depth. In the present study, we used zebrafish embryos as a model to study the mechanism of the direct toxicity of AFB1 to the foetus, including muscle development and developmental toxicity. Our results showed that AFB1 caused motor dysfunction in zebrafish embryos. In addition, AFB1 induces abnormalities in muscle tissue architecture, which in turn causes abnormal muscle development in larvae. Further studies found that AFB1 destroyed the antioxidant capacity and tight junction complexes (TJs), causing apoptosis in zebrafish larvae. In summary, AFB1 may induce developmental toxicity and inhibit muscle development through oxidative damage, apoptosis and disruption of TJs in zebrafish larvae. Our results revealed the direct toxicity effects of AFB1 on the development of embryos and larvae, including inhibition of muscle development and triggering neurotoxicity, induction of oxidative damage, apoptosis and disruption of TJs, and fills the gap in the toxicity mechanism of AFB1 on foetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ning He
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Hong-Mei Ren
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hua Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provence, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Qin X, Zou H. The role of lipopolysaccharides in diabetic retinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:86. [PMID: 35193549 PMCID: PMC8862382 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of DM and the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population of the Western world. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is an essential ingredient of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, which induces systemic inflammatory responses and cellular apoptotic changes in the host. High-level serum LPS has been found in diabetic patients at the advanced stages, which is mainly due to gut leakage and dysbiosis. In this light, increasing evidence points to a strong correlation between systemic LPS challenge and the progression of DR. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated yet, LPS-related pathobiological events in the retina may contribute to the exacerbation of vasculopathy and neurodegeneration in DR. In this review, we focus on the involvement of LPS in the progression of DR, with emphasis on the blood-retina barrier dysfunction and dysregulated glial activation. Eventually, we summarize the recent advances in the therapeutic strategies for antagonising LPS activity, which may be introduced to DR treatment with promising clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Lactobacillus paracasei KW3110 Prevents Inflammatory-Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mouse Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1443. [PMID: 35163375 PMCID: PMC8835791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031443 10.3390/ijms23031443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus paracasei KW3110 (KW3110) has anti-inflammatory effects, including the prevention of blue light exposure induced retinal inflammation and ageing-related chronic inflammation in mice. The mechanism involves the promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 production by KW3110, leading to reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β production. Although various stress-induced mitochondrial damages are associated with excessive inflammatory responses, the effect of KW3110 on inflammatory-stress-induced mitochondrial damage remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of KW3110 on inflammatory stress-induced mitochondrial damage using the murine macrophage-like cell line J774A.1. KW3110 treatment suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, including downregulation of membrane potential, induction of reactive oxygen species, and respiratory dysfunction. In addition, KW3110 prevented LPS-induced disruption of mitochondrial morphology including cristae structures. IL-10 treatment also ameliorated LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and morphology disruption. These results suggest that KW3110 prevents LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially via promoting IL-10 production in mouse macrophages. We are the first to reveal a suppressive effect of lactic acid bacteria on mitochondrial morphology disruption in inflammatory-stressed macrophages. Our findings contribute to understanding inflammatory-stress-induced mitochondrial damage and developing food ingredients with preventive effects on mitochondrial-damage-derived inflammatory conditions.
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Yamazaki T, Yamada S, Ohshio K, Sugamata M, Morita Y. Lactobacillus paracasei KW3110 Prevents Inflammatory-Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mouse Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031443. [PMID: 35163375 PMCID: PMC8835791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus paracasei KW3110 (KW3110) has anti-inflammatory effects, including the prevention of blue light exposure induced retinal inflammation and ageing-related chronic inflammation in mice. The mechanism involves the promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 production by KW3110, leading to reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β production. Although various stress-induced mitochondrial damages are associated with excessive inflammatory responses, the effect of KW3110 on inflammatory-stress-induced mitochondrial damage remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of KW3110 on inflammatory stress-induced mitochondrial damage using the murine macrophage-like cell line J774A.1. KW3110 treatment suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, including downregulation of membrane potential, induction of reactive oxygen species, and respiratory dysfunction. In addition, KW3110 prevented LPS-induced disruption of mitochondrial morphology including cristae structures. IL-10 treatment also ameliorated LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and morphology disruption. These results suggest that KW3110 prevents LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially via promoting IL-10 production in mouse macrophages. We are the first to reveal a suppressive effect of lactic acid bacteria on mitochondrial morphology disruption in inflammatory-stressed macrophages. Our findings contribute to understanding inflammatory-stress-induced mitochondrial damage and developing food ingredients with preventive effects on mitochondrial-damage-derived inflammatory conditions.
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Bringer MA, Gabrielle PH, Bron AM, Creuzot-Garcher C, Acar N. The gut microbiota in retinal diseases. Exp Eye Res 2021; 214:108867. [PMID: 34856206 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract and consists of archaea, fungi, viruses, and bacteria, with bacteria being dominant. From birth onwards, it coevolves dynamically together with the host. The composition of the gut microbiota is under the influence of a complex interplay between both host and environmental factors. Scientific advances in the past few decades have shown that it is essential in maintaining homeostasis and tipping the balance between health and disease. In addition to its role in food digestion, the gut microbiota is implicated in regulating multiple physiological processes in the host gut mucosa and in distant organs such as the brain. Persistent imbalance between gut microbial communities, termed "dysbiosis," has been associated with several inflammatory and metabolic diseases as well as with central nervous system disorders. In this review, we present the state of the art of current knowledge on an emerging concept, the microbiota-retina axis, and the potential role of its disturbance in the development of retinopathies. We also describe several microbiota-targeting strategies that could constitute preventive and therapeutic tools for retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Agnès Bringer
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Pierre-Henry Gabrielle
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France; Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Alain M Bron
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France; Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Creuzot-Garcher
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France; Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
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Xue W, Li JJ, Zou Y, Zou B, Wei L. Microbiota and Ocular Diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:759333. [PMID: 34746029 PMCID: PMC8566696 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.759333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have identified significant associations between the composition and function of the gut microbiota and various disorders in organ systems other than the digestive tract. Utilizing next-generation sequencing and multiomics approaches, the microbial community that possibly impacts ocular disease has been identified. This review provides an overview of the literature on approaches to microbiota analysis and the roles of commensal microbes in ophthalmic diseases, including autoimmune uveitis, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and other ocular disorders. In addition, this review discusses the hypothesis of the "gut-eye axis" and evaluates the therapeutic potential of targeting commensal microbiota to alleviate ocular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Bin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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