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Jiang C, Zeng S, Yang J, Wang X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling Analysis of SWEET Family Genes Involved in Fruit Development in Plum ( Prunus salicina Lindl). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1679. [PMID: 37761819 PMCID: PMC10531292 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SWEETs (sugars will eventually be exported transporters) play a vital role in longer-distance sugar transportation, and thus control carbon flow and energy metabolism in plants. SWEET genes have been identified in various plant species, but their functions in fruit development remain uncharacterized. Here, we isolated 15 putative PsSWEETs from the Prunus salicina genome. For further analysis, comprehensive bioinformatics methods were applied to determine the gene structure, chromosome distribution, phylogeny, cis-acting regulatory elements, and expression profiles of PsSWEETs. qRT-PCR analysis suggested that these SWEETs might have diverse functions in the development of plum fruit. The relative expression levels of PsSWEET1 and PsSWEET9 were obviously higher in ripened fruit than the ones in other developmental stages, suggesting their possible roles in the transport and accumulation of sugars in plum fruit. Positive correlations were found between the expression level of PsSWEET3/10/13 and the content of sucrose, and the expression level of PsSWEET2 and the content of fructose, respectively, during the development of 'Furongli' fruit, suggesting their possible roles in the accumulation of sucrose and fructose. The current study investigated the initial genomic characterization and expression patterns of the SWEET gene family in plum, which could provide a foundation for the further understanding of the functional analysis of the SWEET gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Jiang
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (S.Z.); (X.W.)
| | - Shaomin Zeng
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (S.Z.); (X.W.)
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu 233030, China;
| | - Xiaoan Wang
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (S.Z.); (X.W.)
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Identification and Functional Analysis of CAD Gene Family in Pomegranate ( Punica granatum). Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:genes14010026. [PMID: 36672766 PMCID: PMC9858471 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[Objective] Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis. The aim of this study was to identify CAD gene family members in pomegranate and its expression correlation with seed hardness. [Methods] Based on the reported CAD sequence of Arabidopsis, the CAD gene family of pomegranate was identified by homologous comparison, and then phylogenetic, molecular characterization, and expression profile analysis were performed. [Results] Pomegranate CAD gene family has 25 members, distributed on seven chromosomes of pomegranate. All pomegranate CAD proteins have similar physical and chemical properties. We divide the family into four groups based on evolutionary relationships. The member of group I, called bona fide CAD, was involved in lignin synthesis. Most of the members of group II were involved in stress resistance. The functions of groups III and IV need to be explored. We found four duplicated modes (whole genome duplication or segmental (WGD), tandem duplication (TD), dispersed duplication (DSD), proximal duplication (PD) in this family; TD (36%) had the largest number of them. We predicted that 20 cis-acting elements were involved in lignin synthesis, stress resistance, and response to various hormones. Gene expression profiles further demonstrated that the PgCAD gene family had multiple functions. [Conclusions] Pomegranate CAD gene family is involved in lignin synthesis of hard-seeded cultivar Hongyushizi and Baiyushizi, but its role in seed hardness of soft-seeded cultivar Tunisia needs to be further studied.
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Li J, Liu C, Yu Q, Cao Z, Yang Y, Jia B, Su Y, Li G, Qin G. Identification of sugar transporter (SWEET) genes involved in pomegranate seed coat sugar accumulation. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:181. [PMID: 35875178 PMCID: PMC9296756 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar content of the outer seed coat and hardness of the inner seed coat are important traits of the pomegranate fruit. The translocation of sugars across biological membranes, mediated by SWEET transporters, is critical to seed development. In this study, we identified 16 PgrSWEET genes distributed on six chromosomes in the pomegranate genome. According to the phylogenetic analysis, PgrSWEET proteins were divided into four groups. Tandem and segmental duplications contributed to the expansion of the PgrSWEET family, while functional redundancy and diversification may have occurred among SWEET members according to analyses of evolution and gene expression. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that PgrSWEET1a and PgrSWEET9 were highly expressed in the inner seed coat, and the expression levels gradually increased during seed development. Moreover, the relative expression levels of PgrSWEET1a and PgrSWEET9 in a hard-seeded cultivar were higher than those in a soft-seeded cultivar, indicating that PgrSWEET1a and PgrSWEET9 might function in the inner seed coat development by accumulating sugar metabolites. We also found that PgrSWEET2 was highly expressed in the outer seed coat during seed development, and the protein was localized to the tonoplast, indicating that PgrSWEET2 is likely a candidate regulating sugar accumulation or reutilization in the vacuoles of the outer seed coat. Genes encoding transcription factors probably regulating the candidate PgrSWEET genes were chosen by co-expression analysis. These results not only helped to characterize PgrSWEET genes but also provided an insight into their functions in relation to seed coat development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03248-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Qing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Botao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Ying Su
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Guixiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Gaihua Qin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
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Chen W, Diao W, Liu H, Guo Q, Song Q, Guo G, Wan H, Chen Y. Molecular characterization of SUT Gene Family in Solanaceae with emphasis on expression analysis of pepper genes during development and stresses. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14780-14798. [PMID: 36260305 PMCID: PMC9586639 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2107701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose, an essential carbohydrate, is transported from source to sink organs in the phloem and is involved in a variety of physiological and metabolic processes in plants. Sucrose transporter proteins (SUTs) may play significant parts in the phloem loading and unloading of sucrose. In our study, the SUT gene family was identified in four Solanaceae species (Capsicum annuum, Solanum lycopersicum, S. melongena, and S. tuberosum) and other 14 plant species ranged from lower and high plants. The comprehensive analysis was performed by integration of chromosomal distribution, gene structure, conserved motifs, evolutionary relationship and expression profiles during pepper growth under stresses. Chromosome mapping revealed that SUT genes in Solanaceae were distributed on chromosomes 4, 10 and 11. Gene structure analysis showed that the subgroup 1 members have the same number of introns and exons. All the SUTs had 12 transmembrane structural domains exception from CaSUT2 and SmSUT2, indicating that a structure variation might occurred among the Solanaceae SUT proteins. We also found a total of 20 conserved motifs, with over half of them shared by all SUT proteins, and the SUT proteins from the same subgroup shared common motifs. Phylogenetic analysis divided a total of 72 SUT genes in the plant species tested into three groups, and subgroup 1 might have diverged from a single common ancestor prior to the mono-dicot split. Finally, expression levels of CaSUTs were induced significantly under heat, cold, and salt treatments, indicating diverse functions of the CaSUTs to adapt to adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou310021, PR China
| | - Weiping Diao
- Institute of Vegetable crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Huiqing Liu
- Quzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Qinwei Guo
- Quzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Qiuping Song
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou310021, PR China
| | - Guangjun Guo
- Institute of Vegetable crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Hongjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou310021, PR China,Hongjian Wan State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou310021, PR China
| | - Yougen Chen
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China,CONTACT Yougen Chen College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Jeandet P, Formela-Luboińska M, Labudda M, Morkunas I. The Role of Sugars in Plant Responses to Stress and Their Regulatory Function during Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095161. [PMID: 35563551 PMCID: PMC9099517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their role as energy and carbon sources and their regulatory functions, sugars influence all phases of the plant life cycle, interact with other signaling molecules, including phytohormones, and control plant growth and development [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Jeandet
- Research Unit “Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection”, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims, EA 4707–USC INRAe 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, P.O. Box 1039, CEDEX 02, 51687 Reims, France
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (I.M.)
| | - Magda Formela-Luboińska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (I.M.)
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Huang DM, Chen Y, Liu X, Ni DA, Bai L, Qin QP. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the SWEET gene family in daylily (Hemerocallis fulva) and functional analysis of HfSWEET17 in response to cold stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:211. [PMID: 35468723 PMCID: PMC9036726 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03609-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) are a newly discovered family of sugar transporters whose members exist in a variety of organisms and are highly conserved. SWEETs have been reported to be involved in the growth and development of many plants, but little is known about SWEETs in daylily (Hemerocallis fulva), an important perennial ornamental flower. RESULTS In this study, 19 daylily SWEETs were identified and named based on their homologous genes in Arabidopsis and rice. Phylogenetic analysis classified these HfSWEETs into four clades (Clades I to IV). The conserved motifs and gene structures showed that the HfSWEETs were very conservative during evolution. Chromosomal localization and synteny analysis found that HfSWEETs were unevenly distributed on 11 chromosomes, and there were five pairs of segmentally duplicated events and one pair of tandem duplication events. The expression patterns of the 19 HfSWEETs showed that the expression patterns of most HfSWEETs in different tissues were related to corresponding clades, and most HfSWEETs were up-regulated under low temperatures. Furthermore, HfSWEET17 was overexpressed in tobacco, and the cold resistance of transgenic plants was much higher than that of wild-type tobacco. CONCLUSION This study identified the SWEET gene family in daylily at the genome-wide level. Most of the 19 HfSWEETs were expressed differently in different tissues and under low temperatures. Overexpression further suggests that HfSWEET17 participates in daylily low-temperature response. The results of this study provide a basis for further functional analysis of the SWEET family in daylily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Huang
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Di-An Ni
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Lu Bai
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Qiao-Ping Qin
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China.
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Liu L, Zheng J. Identification and expression analysis of the sucrose synthase gene family in pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.). PeerJ 2022; 10:e12814. [PMID: 35047243 PMCID: PMC8757371 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sucrose synthase (SUS, EC 2.4.1.13) is one of the major enzymes of sucrose metabolism in higher plants. It has been associated with C allocation, biomass accumulation, and sink strength. The SUS gene families have been broadly explored and characterized in a number of plants. The pomegranate (Punica granatum) genome is known, however, it lacks a comprehensive study on its SUS genes family. METHODS PgSUS genes were identified from the pomegranate genome using a genome-wide search method. The PgSUS gene family was comprehensively analyzed by physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationship, gene structure, conserved motifs and domains, protein structure, syntenic relationships, and cis-acting elements using bioinformatics methods. The expression pattern of the PgSUS gene in different organs and fruit development stages were assayed with RNA-seq obtained from the NCBI SRA database as well as real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS Five pomegranate SUS genes, located on four different chromosomes, were divided into three subgroupsaccording to the classification of other seven species. The PgSUS family was found to be highly conserved during evolution after studying the gene structure, motifs, and domain analysis. Furthermore, the predicted PgSUS proteins showed similar secondary and tertiary structures. Syntenic analysis demonstrated that four PgSUS genes showed syntenic relationships with four species, with the exception of PgSUS2. Predictive promoter analysis indicated that PgSUS genes may be responsive to light, hormone signaling, and stress stimulation. RNA-seq analysis revealed that PgSUS1/3/4 were highly expressed in sink organs, including the root, flower, and fruit, and particularly in the outer seed coats. qPCR analysis showed also that PgSUS1, PgSUS3, and PgSUS4 were remarkably expressed during fruit seed coat development. Our results provide a systematic overview of the PgSUS gene family in pomegranate, developing the framework for further research and use of functional PgSUS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbo Liu
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
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