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Du X, Gao Y, Zhang H, Xu X, Li Y, Zhao L, Luo M, Wang H. HDA6 modulates Arabidopsis pavement cell morphogenesis through epigenetic suppression of ROP6 GTPase expression and signaling. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2523-2539. [PMID: 38214469 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The transcriptional regulation of Rho-related GTPase from plants (ROPs), which determine cell polarity formation and maintenance during plant development, still remains enigmatic. In this study, we elucidated the epigenetic mechanism of histone deacetylase HDA6 in transcriptional repression of ROP6 and its impact on cell polarity and morphogenesis in Arabidopsis leaf epidermal pavement cells (PCs). We found that the hda6 mutant axe1-4 exhibited impaired jigsaw-shaped PCs and convoluted leaves. This correlated with disruptions in the spatial organizations of cortical microtubules and filamentous actin, which is integral to PC indentation and lobe formation. Further transcriptional analyses and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that HDA6 specifically represses ROP6 expression through histone H3K9K14 deacetylation. Importantly, overexpression of dominant negative-rop6 in axe1-4 restored interdigitated cell morphology. Our study unveils HDA6 as a key regulator in Arabidopsis PC morphogenesis through epigenetic suppression of ROP6. It reveals the pivotal role of HDA6 in the transcriptional regulation of ROP6 and provides compelling evidence for the functional interplay between histone deacetylation and ROP6-mediated cytoskeletal arrangement in the development of interdigitated PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Du
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yingmiao Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lifeng Zhao
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Clark G, Tripathy MK, Roux SJ. Growth regulation by apyrases: Insights from altering their expression level in different organisms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1323-1335. [PMID: 37947023 PMCID: PMC10904326 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Apyrase (APY) enzymes are nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) diphosphohydrolases that can remove the terminal phosphate from NTPs and nucleoside diphosphates but not from nucleoside monophosphates. They have conserved structures and functions in yeast, plants, and animals. Among the most studied APYs in plants are those in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; AtAPYs) and pea (Pisum sativum; PsAPYs), both of which have been shown to play major roles in regulating plant growth and development. Valuable insights on their functional roles have been gained by transgenically altering their transcript abundance, either by constitutively expressing or suppressing APY genes. This review focuses on recent studies that have provided insights on the mechanisms by which APY activity promotes growth in different organisms. Most of these studies have used transgenic lines that constitutively expressed APY in multiple different plants and in yeast. As APY enzymatic activity can also be changed post-translationally by chemical blockage, this review also briefly covers studies that used inhibitors to suppress APY activity in plants and fungi. It concludes by summarizing some of the main unanswered questions about how APYs regulate plant growth and proposes approaches to answering them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 100 E 24th Street, TX 78712, USA
| | | | - Stanley J Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 100 E 24th Street, TX 78712, USA
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Scheible N, Henning PM, McCubbin AG. Calmodulin-Domain Protein Kinase PiCDPK1 Interacts with the 14-3-3-like Protein NtGF14 to Modulate Pollen Tube Growth. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:451. [PMID: 38337984 PMCID: PMC10857193 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Calcium-mediated signaling pathways are known to play important roles in the polar growth of pollen tubes. The calcium-dependent protein kinase, PiCDPK1, has been shown to be involved in regulating this process through interaction with a guanine dissociation inhibitor, PiRhoGDI1. To more fully understand the role of PiCDPK1 in pollen tube extension, we designed a pull-down study to identify additional substrates of this kinase. These experiments identified 123 putative interactors. Two of the identified proteins were predicted to directly interact with PiCDPK1, and this possibility was investigated in planta. The first, NtGF14, a 14-3-3-like protein, did not produce a noticeable phenotype when overexpressed in pollen alone but partially rescued the spherical tube phenotype caused by PiCDPK1 over-expression when co-over-expressed with the kinase. The second, NtREN1, a GTPase activating protein (GAP), severely inhibited pollen tube germination when over-expressed, and its co-over-expression with PiCDPK1 did not substantially affect this phenotype. These results suggest a novel in vivo interaction between NtGF14 and PiCDPK1 but do not support the direct interaction between PiCDPK1 and NtREN1. We demonstrate the utility of the methodology used to identify potential protein interactions while confirming the necessity of additional studies to confirm their validity. Finally, additional support was found for intersection between PiCDPK1 and RopGTPase pathways to control polar growth at the pollen tube tip.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew G. McCubbin
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; (N.S.); (P.M.H.)
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Robinson R, Sprott D, Couroux P, Routly E, Labbé N, Xing T, Robert LS. The triticale mature pollen and stigma proteomes - assembling the proteins for a productive encounter. J Proteomics 2023; 278:104867. [PMID: 36870675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Triticeae crops are major contributors to global food production and ensuring their capacity to reproduce and generate seeds is critical. However, despite their importance our knowledge of the proteins underlying Triticeae reproduction is severely lacking and this is not only true of pollen and stigma development, but also of their pivotal interaction. When the pollen grain and stigma are brought together they have each accumulated the proteins required for their intended meeting and accordingly studying their mature proteomes is bound to reveal proteins involved in their diverse and complex interactions. Using triticale as a Triticeae representative, gel-free shotgun proteomics was used to identify 11,533 and 2977 mature stigma and pollen proteins respectively. These datasets, by far the largest to date, provide unprecedented insights into the proteins participating in Triticeae pollen and stigma development and interactions. The study of the Triticeae stigma has been particularly neglected. To begin filling this knowledge gap, a developmental iTRAQ analysis was performed revealing 647 proteins displaying differential abundance as the stigma matures in preparation for pollination. An in-depth comparison to an equivalent Brassicaceae analysis divulged both conservation and diversification in the makeup and function of proteins involved in the pollen and stigma encounter. SIGNIFICANCE: Successful pollination brings together the mature pollen and stigma thus initiating an intricate series of molecular processes vital to crop reproduction. In the Triticeae crops (e.g. wheat, barley, rye, triticale) there persists a vast deficit in our knowledge of the proteins involved which needs to be addressed if we are to face the many upcoming challenges to crop production such as those associated with climate change. At maturity, both the pollen and stigma have acquired the protein complement necessary for their forthcoming encounter and investigating their proteomes will inevitably provide unprecedented insights into the proteins enabling their interactions. By combining the analysis of the most comprehensive Triticeae pollen and stigma global proteome datasets to date with developmental iTRAQ investigations, proteins implicated in the different phases of pollen-stigma interaction enabling pollen adhesion, recognition, hydration, germination and tube growth, as well as those underlying stigma development were revealed. Extensive comparisons between equivalent Triticeae and Brassiceae datasets highlighted both the conservation of biological processes in line with the shared goal of activating the pollen grain and promoting pollen tube invasion of the pistil to effect fertilization, as well as the significant distinctions in their proteomes consistent with the considerable differences in their biochemistry, physiology and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reneé Robinson
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada; Carleton University, Department of Biology, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - David Sprott
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Philippe Couroux
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Routly
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Natalie Labbé
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Tim Xing
- Carleton University, Department of Biology, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Laurian S Robert
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada.
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Wong A, Gehring C. New Horizons in Plant Cell Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5826. [PMID: 35628641 PMCID: PMC9147848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Responding to environmental stimuli with appropriate molecular mechanisms is essential to all life forms and particularly so in sessile organisms such as plants [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Wenzhou 325060, China
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou 325060, China
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Lab for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou 325060, China
| | - Christoph Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology & Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
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Clark G, Brown KA, Tripathy MK, Roux SJ. Recent Advances Clarifying the Structure and Function of Plant Apyrases (Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolases). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063283. [PMID: 33807069 PMCID: PMC8004787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies implicating an important role for apyrase (NTPDase) enzymes in plant growth and development began appearing in the literature more than three decades ago. After early studies primarily in potato, Arabidopsis and legumes, especially important discoveries that advanced an understanding of the biochemistry, structure and function of these enzymes have been published in the last half-dozen years, revealing that they carry out key functions in diverse other plants. These recent discoveries about plant apyrases include, among others, novel findings on its crystal structures, its biochemistry, its roles in plant stress responses and its induction of major changes in gene expression when its expression is suppressed or enhanced. This review will describe and discuss these recent advances and the major questions about plant apyrases that remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Clark
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.C.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Katherine A. Brown
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.C.); (K.A.B.)
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | | | - Stanley J. Roux
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.C.); (K.A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-512-471-4238
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