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Liang L, Cai T, Li X, An J, Yu S, Zhang Y, Guo F, Wei F, He J, Xie K, Jiang T. Down-regulation of microRNA-23a promotes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma initiation and progression by up-regulation of FOXM1 expression. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101203. [PMID: 39022126 PMCID: PMC11252794 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional factor Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) plays an important role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) development and progression. The molecular mechanisms underlying its dysregulation remain unclear. We identified and functionally validated the microRNAs (miRNAs) that critically regulate FOXM1 expression in PDAC. The expression levels of miRNA-23a (miR-23a-3p and -5p) were altered in PDAC cell lines and their effects on FOXM1 signaling and cell proliferation and migration and tumorigenesis were examined in vitro and in vivo using mouse PDAC models. Compared with non-tumor pancreatic tissues, PDAC tissues and cell lines exhibited significantly reduced levels of miR-23a expression. Reduced miR-23a expression and concomitant increase in FOXM1 expression were also observed in acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, the major premalignant lesions of PDAC. Transgenic expression of miR-23a reduced the expression of FOXM1 and suppressed cell proliferation and migration in PDAC cells, whereas the inhibitors of miR-23a did the opposite. Loss or reduced levels of miR-23a increased the levels of FOXM1 expression, while increased expression of FOXM1 down-regulated miR-23a expression, suggesting that miR-23a and FOXM1 were mutual negative regulators of their expression in PDAC cells. Therefore, the miR-23a/FOXM1 signaling axis is important in PDAC initiation and progression and could serve as an interventional or therapeutic target for patients with early or late stages of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Liang
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Tian Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital and Nanhai People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Xiaojia Li
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jianhong An
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Sen Yu
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Fengjie Guo
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Fang Wei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jie He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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2
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Sarhan RSR, Habashy OY, Mohammed RR, Marei YM. Active versus latent pulmonary tuberculosis: which one is the appropriate distinguishing biomarker? Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2024. [PMID: 39058039 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2024.2947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study tried to assess the possibility of using the estimated levels of plasma expression of microRNAs (miR-) for distinguishing healthy subjects with latent pulmonary tuberculosis (LTB) from healthy controls (HC) and patients with active tuberculosis (ATB). Study participants included 30 newly diagnosed ATB patients, 30 of the households of ATB patients who were free of clinical manifestations, had normal chest radiography but had positive results on the whole-blood QuantiFERON tuberculosis (TB) Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) test (LTB patients), and 30 HC who were free of clinical symptoms and showed normal chest X-rays and negative QFT-GIT tests. All participants gave blood samples for quantitation of the plasma expression levels of miR- using the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Plasma levels of miR-150-5p were significantly downregulated in ATB samples than in other samples. However, miR-155-5p and miR-378-5p were significantly overexpressed in patients' samples compared to HC's samples and in ATB samples compared to LTB samples. On the contrary, plasma miR-4523-5p showed significant upregulation in LTB samples compared to ATB and HC samples, indicating insignificant in-between differences. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed the ability of the estimated levels of the four miR- to differentiate TB patients from HC. Multivariate regression analysis defined expression levels of miR-155-5p and miR-378-5p as the significant biomarkers for distinguishing TB patients and levels of miR-378-5p and miR-4523-5p for identification of LTB patients. Pulmonary TB induces deregulated expression of miR-, according to the infection severity. An estimation of the expression levels of miR-378-5p and miR-4523-5p might be a reliable combination for identifying LTB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omnia Y Habashy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.
| | - Raafat R Mohammed
- Hospital Lab, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.
| | - Yasmin M Marei
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.
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3
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Abdalla AE, Alanazi A, Abosalif KOA, Alameen AAM, Junaid K, Manni E, Talha AA, Ejaz H. MicroRNA-155, a double-blade sword regulator of innate tuberculosis immunity. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106438. [PMID: 37925110 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic, life-threatening disease caused by unusual facultative intracellular bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium has unique resistance to many antimicrobial agents and has become a major global health concern due to emerging multidrug-resistant strains. Additionally, it has developed multiple schemes to exploit host immune signaling and establish long-term survival within host tissues. Thus, understanding the pathways that govern the crosstalk between the bacterium and the immune system could provide a new avenue for therapeutic interventions. MicroRNAs (miRs) are short, noncoding, and regulator RNA molecules that control the expression of cellular genes by targeting their mRNAs post-transcriptionally. MiR-155 is one of the most crucial miR in shaping the host immune defenses against M. tuberculosis. MiR-155 is remarkably downregulated in patients with clear clinical TB symptoms in comparison with latently infected patients and/or healthy individuals, thereby implicating its role in controlling M. tuberculosis infection. However, functional probing of miR-155 suggests dual effects in regulating the host's innate defenses in response to mycobacterial infection. This review provides comprehensive knowledge and future perspectives regarding complex signaling pathways that mediated miR-155 expression during M. tuberculosis infections. Moreover, miR-155-targeting signaling orchestrates inflammatory mediators' production, apoptosis, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Awadh Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Omer Abdalla Abosalif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Ali Mohammed Alameen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kashaf Junaid
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Emad Manni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Albadawi Abdelbagi Talha
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia.
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4
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Liu J, Li Y, Liu T, Shi Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Qi Y. Novel Biomarker Panel of Let-7d-5p and MiR-140-5p Can Distinguish Latent Tuberculosis Infection from Active Tuberculosis Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:3847-3859. [PMID: 37346367 PMCID: PMC10281287 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s412116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) survives inside a human host for a long time in the form of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Latent infection of tuberculosis has the opportunity of developing into active tuberculosis (ATB), which has greatly endangered human health. The existing diagnostic methods cannot effectively distinguish LTBI from ATB. Therefore, more effective diagnostic biomarkers and methods are urgently needed. Methods Here, we screened the GEO data set, conducted joint differential analysis and target gene enrichment analysis, after filtering the disease-related database, we screened the differential miRNA related to TB. The qPCR was used to verify the miRNAs in 84 serum samples. Different combinations of biomarkers were evaluated by logistic regression to obtain a biomarker panel with good performance for diagnosing LTBI. Results A panel with two miRNAs (hsa-let-7d-5p, hsa-miR-140-5p) was established to differentiate LTBI from ATB. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) are 0.930 (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 88.5%) and 0.923 (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 92.3%) with the biomarker panel for the training set and test set respectively. Conclusion The findings indicated that the logistic regression model built by let-7d-5p and miR-140-5p has the ability to distinguish LTBI from active TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuru Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Qi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Davuluri KS, Chauhan DS. microRNAs associated with the pathogenesis and their role in regulating various signaling pathways during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1009901. [PMID: 36389170 PMCID: PMC9647626 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1009901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite more than a decade of active study, tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious health concern across the world, and it is still the biggest cause of mortality in the human population. Pathogenic bacteria recognize host-induced responses and adapt to those hostile circumstances. This high level of adaptability necessitates a strong regulation of bacterial metabolic characteristics. Furthermore, the immune reponse of the host virulence factors such as host invasion, colonization, and survival must be properly coordinated by the pathogen. This can only be accomplished by close synchronization of gene expression. Understanding the molecular characteristics of mycobacterial pathogenesis in order to discover therapies that prevent or resolve illness relies on the bacterial capacity to adjust its metabolism and replication in response to various environmental cues as necessary. An extensive literature details the transcriptional alterations of host in response to in vitro environmental stressors, macrophage infection, and human illness. Various studies have recently revealed the finding of several microRNAs (miRNAs) that are believed to play an important role in the regulatory networks responsible for adaptability and virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We highlighted the growing data on the existence and quantity of several forms of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis, considered their possible relevance to disease etiology, and discussed how the miRNA-based signaling pathways regulate bacterial virulence factors.
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Chen YC, Hsiao CC, Wu CC, Chao TY, Leung SY, Chang YP, Tseng CC, Lee CP, Hsu PY, Wang TY, Wang PW, Chen TW, Lin MC. Next generation sequencing reveals miR-431-3p/miR-1303 as immune-regulating microRNAs for active tuberculosis. J Infect 2022; 85:519-533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Gierlikowski W, Gierlikowska B. MicroRNAs as Regulators of Phagocytosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091380. [PMID: 35563685 PMCID: PMC9106007 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and thus act as important regulators of cellular phenotype and function. As their expression may be dysregulated in numerous diseases, they are of interest as biomarkers. What is more, attempts of modulation of some microRNAs for therapeutic reasons have been undertaken. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding the influence of microRNAs on phagocytosis, which may be exerted on different levels, such as through macrophages polarization, phagosome maturation, reactive oxygen species production and cytokines synthesis. This phenomenon plays an important role in numerous pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Gierlikowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Gierlikowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 63a, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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8
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Olsson O, Tesfaye F, Søkilde R, Mazurek J, Abebe M, Yeba H, Aseffa A, Skogmar S, Balcha TT, Rovira C, Björkman P, Jansson M. Expression of MicroRNAs Is Dysregulated by HIV While Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drives Alterations of Small Nucleolar RNAs in HIV Positive Adults With Active Tuberculosis. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:808250. [PMID: 35295678 PMCID: PMC8920554 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.808250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV infection affects the course of tuberculosis (TB), and HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) synergize in disease progression through complex immunological interplay. To gain further understanding of these mechanisms, we compared the microRNA (miRNA) and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) expression patterns in whole blood of individuals with active TB, with and without HIV coinfection (HIV+/TB+ and HIV-/TB+), and HIV and TB-negative individuals (HIV-/TB-). We found that 218 miRNAs were differentially expressed between HIV+/TB+ and HIV-/TB+, while no statistically significant difference in snoRNA expression was observed between these groups. In contrast, both miRNA (n = 179) and snoRNA (n = 103) expression patterns were significantly altered in HIV+/TB+ individuals compared to those of the HIV-/TB- controls. Of note, 26 of these snoRNAs were also significantly altered between the HIV-/TB+ and HIV-/TB- groups. Normalization toward the miRNA and snoRNA expression patterns of the HIV-/TB- control group was noted during anti-TB and antiretroviral treatment in HIV+/TB+ participants. In summary, these results show that HIV coinfection influences miRNA expression in active TB. In contrast, snoRNA expression patterns differ between individuals with and without active TB, independently of HIV coinfection status. Moreover, in coinfected individuals, therapy-induced control of HIV replication and clearance of Mtb appears to normalize the expression of some small non-coding RNA (sncRNA). These findings suggest that dysregulation of miRNA is a mechanism by which HIV may modify immunity against TB, while active TB alters snoRNA expression. Improved understanding of how regulation of sncRNA expression influences the disease course in coinfected individuals may have implications for diagnostics, risk stratification, and host-directed therapy. Here, we propose a novel mechanism by which HIV alters the immune response to TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Olsson
- Clinical Infection Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Fregenet Tesfaye
- Clinical Infection Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Rolf Søkilde
- Breastca-Genetics, Cancer and Non-coding RNA, Lund University Cancer Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jolanta Mazurek
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markos Abebe
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Yeba
- Adama Public Health Research and Referral Center, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Aseffa
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sten Skogmar
- Clinical Infection Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Taye Tolera Balcha
- Clinical Infection Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Carlos Rovira
- Breastca-Genetics, Cancer and Non-coding RNA, Lund University Cancer Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Björkman
- Clinical Infection Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marianne Jansson
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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9
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Lyu M, Zhou J, Jiao L, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Lai H, Xu W, Ying B. Deciphering a TB-related DNA methylation biomarker and constructing a TB diagnostic classifier. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:37-49. [PMID: 34938605 PMCID: PMC8645423 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
We systemically identified tuberculosis (TB)-related DNA methylation biomarkers and further constructed classifiers for TB diagnosis. TB-related DNA methylation datasets were searched through October 3, 2020. Limma and DMRcate were employed to identify differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and regions (DMRs). Machine learning methods were used to construct classifiers. The performance of the classifiers was evaluated in discovery datasets and a prospective independent cohort. Eighty-nine DMPs and 24 DMRs were identified based on 67 TB patients and 45 healthy controls from 4 datasets. Nine and three DMRs were selected by elastic net regression and logistic regression, respectively. Among the selected DMRs, two regions (chr3: 195635643-195636243 and chr6: 29691631-29692475) were differentially methylated in the independent cohort (p = 4.19 × 10-5 and 0.024, respectively). Among the ten classifiers, the 3-DMR logistic regression classifier exhibited the strongest performance. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were, respectively, 79.1%, 84.4%, and 0.888 in the discovery datasets and 64.5%, 90.3%, and 0.838 in the independent cohort. The differential diagnostic ability of this classifier was also assessed. Collectively, these data showed that DNA methylation might be a promising TB diagnostic biomarker. The 3-DMR logistic regression classifier is a potential clinical tool for TB diagnosis, and further validation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Lyu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lin Jiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yili Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hongli Lai
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 10-511, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9 Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7 Canada
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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10
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miR-23a-3p regulates the inflammatory response and fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease by targeting early growth response 1. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:763-774. [PMID: 34608568 PMCID: PMC8585819 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-021-00606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the most common cause of chronic kidney disease. Proteinuria is generally considered one of the clinical indicators of renal damage, and it is also closely related to the progression of DKD. Accumulating evidence indicates that proteinuria induces an upregulation of the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis markers in renal tubular epithelial cells, but the mechanism remains unclear. Previously, we showed that early growth response 1 (Egr1) played a key role in renal tubular injury. However, the upstream mechanism of Egr1 in the development of DKD is poorly understood. In this study, we found that albumin stimulation significantly increased the expression levels of Egr1, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and fibronectin (FN) in HK-2 cells but decreased miR-23a-3p levels. We then identified that miR-23a-3p targeted the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of Egr1 and directly suppressed the expression of Egr1. Moreover, we found that overexpression and inhibition of miR-23a-3p in HK-2 cells attenuated and promoted the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and FN, respectively. Additionally, Egr1 silencing reversed the inflammation and fibrosis caused by the miR-23a-3p inhibitor. Thus, we conclude that miR-23a-3p attenuates the development of DKD through Egr1, suggesting that targeting miR-23a-3p may be a novel therapeutic approach for DKD.
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11
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Yan M, Zhang Y, Chang S. Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with TGF- β1 Inhibit Cervical Cancer Cell Progression Through Down-Regulation of MicroRNA-155 and Activation of Tim-3 Pathway. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1850-1857. [PMID: 34688330 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chemically modified chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) are capable of releasing their own substances to target cells or tissues, improving microenvironment and promoting wound healing. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying chitosan NPs loaded with TGF-β1 participating in cervical cancer (CC) progression. TGF-β1-loaded-chitosan NPs were prepared and particle size distribution, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency of NPs were determined. MTT assay assessed the toxicity of NPs to macrophages. CC cells were co-cultured with TGF-β1-loaded chitosan NPs (experimental group) or pure chitosan NPs (control group) and cells were cultured alone to produce control group. After treatment, flow cytometry was conducted to detect apoptosis and cycle. Cancer cell migration was evaluated by Transwell assay, and miR-155 and Tim-3 expression was determined. At a ratio of 2:1 chitosan and TGF-β1, the particle size was102.65±11.98 nm, which was smallest, with high encapsulation rate of 81.26%, and low potential of 1.46±1.71. NP toxicity increased as concentration rose and relative cell proliferation rate was >80%, indicated as non-toxic. CC tissues had positive expression of CD163 and TGF-β1 (95%) (p < 0.05). Treatment with TGF-β1-loaded chitosan NPs induced increased apoptosis rate of 9.13±2.15%, reduced migration (67.65±9.91) and invaded cells (19.98±3.41), causing cell accumulation in the S phase when compared to the blank and control groups (p < 0.05). Besides, experimental group exhibited lower expression of miR-155 (0.39±0.59) and higher expression of Tim-3 (2.87± 0.51), which was higher than the blank group and control group. The optimal concentration ratio for producing TGF-β1-loaded chitosan NPs was 2:1, with less toxicity. The composite NPs suppressed malignant characteristics of CC cells through down-regulation of miR-155 and activation of Tim-3 signal pathway on the surface of macrophages, promoting secretion of macrophage inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu City, 476100, Henan, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu City, 476100, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu City, 476100, Henan, China
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12
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Sampath P, Periyasamy KM, Ranganathan UD, Bethunaickan R. Monocyte and Macrophage miRNA: Potent Biomarker and Target for Host-Directed Therapy for Tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:667206. [PMID: 34248945 PMCID: PMC8267585 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The end TB strategy reinforces the essentiality of readily accessible biomarkers for early tuberculosis diagnosis. Exploration of microRNA (miRNA) and pathway analysis opens an avenue for the discovery of possible therapeutic targets. miRNA is a small, non-coding oligonucleotide characterized by the mechanism of gene regulation, transcription, and immunomodulation. Studies on miRNA define their importance as an immune marker for active disease progression and as an immunomodulator for innate mechanisms, such as apoptosis and autophagy. Monocyte research is highly advancing toward TB pathogenesis and biomarker efficiency because of its innate and adaptive response connectivity. The combination of monocytes/macrophages and their relative miRNA expression furnish newer insight on the unresolved mechanism for Mycobacterium survival, exploitation of host defense, latent infection, and disease resistance. This review deals with miRNA from monocytes, their relative expression in different disease stages of TB, multiple gene regulating mechanisms in shaping immunity against tuberculosis, and their functionality as biomarker and host-mediated therapeutics. Future collaborative efforts involving multidisciplinary approach in various ethnic population with multiple factors (age, gender, mycobacterial strain, disease stage, other chronic lung infections, and inflammatory disease criteria) on these short miRNAs from body fluids and cells could predict the valuable miRNA biosignature network as a potent tool for biomarkers and host-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Sampath
- Department of Immunology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | | | - Uma Devi Ranganathan
- Department of Immunology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
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Gao Z, Huang D. lncRNA GAS5‑mediated miR‑23a‑3p promotes inflammation and cell apoptosis by targeting TLR4 in a cell model of sepsis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:510. [PMID: 33982771 PMCID: PMC8138517 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome characterized by organ dysfunction and an abnormal immune response to infection. A growing body of research has shown the importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis, virus replication, inflammatory injury and other pathological processes. The aim of the present study was to explore the role and potential mechanism of the lncRNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and apoptosis of THP-1 cells. An in vitro sepsis model was established by treating THP-1 cells with LPS. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and ELISA, and those of GAS5, microRNA (miR)-23a-3p and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were detected by RT-qPCR. The changes in the biological activity of THP-1 cells induced by the silencing of GAS5 and overexpression of miR-23a-3p and TLR4 were investigated. The relationships among GAS5, miR-23a-3p and TLR4 were analyzed using luciferase reporter assays. The results revealed that LPS increased the expression of GAS5 in THP-1 cells, and GAS5 knockdown effectively inhibited inflammation and cell apoptosis in the LPS-induced sepsis model. In addition, the results of the luciferase reporter assays indicated that both GAS5 and TLR4 directly target miR-23a-3p. The expression of miR-23a-3p was downregulated whereas that of TLR4 was upregulated in the septic cells. Further experiments showed that the overexpression of TLR4 attenuated the suppressive effects of miR-23a-3p overexpression and GAS5 knockdown on LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis. In conclusion, the present study indicates that GAS5 strengthens LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis via the miR-23a-3p/TLR4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenping Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taian Municipal Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
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