1
|
Hartinger R, Singh K, Leverett J, Djabali K. Enhancing Cellular Homeostasis: Targeted Botanical Compounds Boost Cellular Health Functions in Normal and Premature Aging Fibroblasts. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1310. [PMID: 39456243 PMCID: PMC11506649 DOI: 10.3390/biom14101310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 10/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The human skin, the body's largest organ, undergoes continuous renewal but is significantly impacted by aging, which impairs its function and leads to visible changes. This study aimed to identify botanical compounds that mimic the anti-aging effects of baricitinib, a known JAK1/2 inhibitor. Through in silico screening of a botanical compound library, 14 potential candidates were identified, and 7 were further analyzed for their effects on cellular aging. The compounds were tested on both normal aged fibroblasts and premature aging fibroblasts derived from patients with Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS). Results showed that these botanical compounds effectively inhibited the JAK/STAT pathway, reduced the levels of phosphorylated STAT1 and STAT3, and ameliorated phenotypic changes associated with cellular aging. Treatments improved cell proliferation, reduced senescence markers, and enhanced autophagy without inducing cytotoxicity. Compounds, such as Resveratrol, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Pinosylvin, Methyl P-Hydroxycinnamate, cis-Pterostilbene, and (+)-Gallocatechin, demonstrated significant improvements in both control and HGPS fibroblasts. These findings suggest that these botanical compounds have the potential to mitigate age-related cellular alterations, offering promising strategies for anti-aging therapies, particularly for skin health. Further in vivo studies are warranted to validate these results and explore their therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Hartinger
- Epigenetics of Aging, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany;
| | - Khushboo Singh
- Amway Corporation, Innovation and Science, 7575 Fulton Street East, Ada, MI 49355, USA
| | - Jesse Leverett
- Amway Corporation, Innovation and Science, 7575 Fulton Street East, Ada, MI 49355, USA
| | - Karima Djabali
- Epigenetics of Aging, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nishiguch Y, Fujiwara-Tani R, Nukaga S, Nishida R, Ikemoto A, Sasaki R, Mori S, Ogata R, Kishi S, Hojo Y, Shinohara H, Sho M, Kuniyasu H. Pterostilbene Induces Apoptosis from Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Synergistically with Anticancer Drugs That Deposit Iron in Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2611. [PMID: 38473857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Anticancer agents are playing an increasing role in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC); however, novel anticancer agents have not been fully developed. Therefore, it is important to investigate compounds that improve sensitivity to the existing anticancer drugs. We have reported that pterostilbene (PTE), a plant stilbene, enhances the antitumor effect of low doses of sunitinib in gastric cancer cells accumulating mitochondrial iron (II) (mtFe) at low doses. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the mtFe deposition and the synergistic effect of PTE and different anticancer drugs. For this study, we used 5-fluorouracil (5FU), cisplatin (CPPD), and lapatinib (LAP), which are frequently used in the treatment of GC, and doxorubicin (DOX), which is known to deposit mtFe. A combination of low-dose PTE and these drugs suppressed the expression of PDZ domain-containing 8 (PDZD8) and increased mtFe accumulation and mitochondrial H2O2. Consequently, reactive oxygen species-associated hypoxia inducible factor-1α activation induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and led to apoptosis, but not ferroptosis. In contrast, 5FU and CDDP did not show the same changes as those observed with PTE and DOX or LAP, and there was no synergistic effect with PTE. These results indicate that the combination of PTE with iron-accumulating anticancer drugs exhibits a strong synergistic effect. These findings would help in developing novel therapeutic strategies for GC. However, further clinical investigations are required.
Collapse
Grants
- 22K16497 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 19K16564 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 23K19900 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20K21659 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Nishiguch
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Shota Nukaga
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nishida
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ikemoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Rika Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Ruiko Ogata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
- Pathology Laboratory, Research Institute, Tokushukai Nozaki Hospital, 2-10-50 Tanigawa, Daito 574-0074, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yudai Hojo
- Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shinohara
- Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sho
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tripathi T, Yadav J, Janjua D, Chaudhary A, Joshi U, Senrung A, Chhokar A, Aggarwal N, Bharti AC. Targeting Cervical Cancer Stem Cells by Phytochemicals. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:5222-5254. [PMID: 38288813 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673281823231222065616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CaCx) poses a significant global health challenge, ranking as the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. Despite the emergence of advanced treatment strategies, recurrence remains a bottleneck in favorable treatment outcomes and contributes to poor prognosis. The chemo- or radio-therapy resistance coupled with frequent relapse of more aggressive tumors are some key components that contribute to CaCx-related mortality. The onset of therapy resistance and relapse are attributed to a small subset of, slow-proliferating Cancer Stem Cells (CSC). These CSCs possess the properties of tumorigenesis, self-renewal, and multi-lineage differentiation potential. Because of slow cycling, these cells maintain themselves in a semi-quiescent stage and protect themselves from different anti-proliferative anti-cancer drugs. Keeping in view recent advances in their phenotypic and functional characterization, the feasibility of targeting CSC and associated stem cell signaling bears a strong translational value. The presence of CSC has been reported in CaCx (CCSC) which remains a forefront area of research. However, we have yet to identify clinically useful leads that can target CCSC. There is compelling evidence that phytochemicals, because of their advantages over synthetic anticancer drugs, could emerge as potential therapeutic leads to target these CCSCs. The present article examined the potential of phytochemicals with reported anti-CSC properties and evaluated their future in preclinical and clinical applications against CaCx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Udit Joshi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Anna Senrung
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110019, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hunáková Ľ. Attacking Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097858. [PMID: 37175564 PMCID: PMC10178849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This Special Issue, focused on a collection of papers on "attacking cancer progression and metastasis", is devoted to communicating current knowledge about the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in cancer progression and metastasis, as well as suggesting new targets for possible future therapeutic interventions [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ľuba Hunáková
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mori S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Gyoten M, Nukaga S, Sasaki R, Ikemoto A, Ogata R, Kishi S, Fujii K, Kuniyasu H. Berberine Induces Combined Cell Death in Gastrointestinal Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076588. [PMID: 37047563 PMCID: PMC10094831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is a plant alkaloid that has various biological activities. The effects of BBR on gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) have also been investigated and anti-tumor effects such as induction of cell death have been reported. However, the mechanism of BBR-induced cell death has not been fully elucidated. To this end, we investigated the effects of BBR using three GIC cell lines. Our analyses revealed that BBR inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, sphere formation, and anticancer drug resistance in all of the cell lines. BBR also induced an increase in mitochondrial superoxide, lipid peroxide and Fe2+ levels, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and respiration, decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and glutathione and induced Parkin/PINK1-associated mitophagy. BBR, as well as rotenone, inhibited mitochondrial complex I and enhanced complex II, which were associated with autophagy, reactive oxidative species production, and cell death. Inhibition of complex II by malonate abrogated these changes. BBR-induced cell death was partially rescued by ferrostatin-1, deferoxamine, Z-VAD-FMK, and ATG5 knockdown. Furthermore, oral administration of BBR significantly reduced tumor weight and ascites in a syngeneic mouse peritoneal metastasis model using CT26 GIC cells. These findings suggest that BBR induced a combined type of cell death via complex I inhibition and autophagy. The marked anti-tumor and anti-stemness effects are expected to be useful as a new cell death-inducing agent for the treatment of GIC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Momoko Gyoten
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shota Nukaga
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Rika Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ikemoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Ruiko Ogata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Horii S, Mori S, Ogata R, Nukaga S, Nishida R, Kishi S, Sasaki R, Ikemoto A, Owari T, Maesaka F, Honoki K, Miyake M, Tanaka Y, Fujimoto K, Fujiwara-Tani R, Kuniyasu H. 5-Aminolevrinic Acid Exhibits Dual Effects on Stemness in Human Sarcoma Cell Lines under Dark Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076189. [PMID: 37047157 PMCID: PMC10094087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is used for tumor-targeting phototherapy because it is converted to protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) upon excitation and induces phototoxicity. However, the effect of ALA on malignant cells under unexcited conditions is unclear. This information is essential when administering ALA systemically. We used sarcoma cell lines that usually arise deep in the body and are rarely exposed to light to examine the effects of ALA treatment under light (daylight lamp irradiation) and dark (dark room) conditions. ALA-treated human SW872 liposarcoma cells and human MG63 osteosarcoma cells cultured under light exhibited growth suppression and increased oxidative stress, while cells cultured in the dark showed no change. However, sphere-forming ability increased in the dark, and the expression of stem-cell-related genes was induced in dark, but not light, conditions. ALA administration increased heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression in both cell types; when carbon monoxide (CO), a metabolite of HO-1, was administered to sarcoma cells via carbon-monoxide-releasing molecule 2 (CORM2), it enhanced sphere-forming ability. We also compared the concentration of biliverdin (BVD) (a co-product of HO-1 activity alongside CO) with sphere-forming ability when HO-1 activity was inhibited using ZnPPIX in the dark. Both cell types showed a peak in sphere-forming ability at 60–80 μM BVD. Furthermore, a cell death inhibitor assay revealed that the HO-1-induced suppression of sphere formation was rescued by apoptosis or ferroptosis inhibitors. These findings suggest that in the absence of excitation, ALA promotes HO-1 expression and enhances the stemness of sarcoma cells, although excessive HO-1 upregulation induces apoptosis and ferroptosis. Our data indicate that systemic ALA administration induces both enhanced stemness and cell death in malignant cells located in dark environments deep in the body and highlight the need to pay attention to drug delivery and ALA concentrations during phototherapy.
Collapse
|
7
|
An Axis between the Long Non-Coding RNA HOXA11-AS and NQOs Enhances Metastatic Ability in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810704. [PMID: 36142607 PMCID: PMC9506332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in human cancers. HOXA11 anti-sense RNA (HOXA11-AS) is an lncRNA belonging to the homeobox (HOX) gene cluster that promotes liver metastasis in human colon cancer. However, its role and mechanism of action in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are unclear. In this study, we investigated HOXA11-AS expression and function in human OSCC tissues and cell lines, as well as a mouse model of OSCC. Our analyses showed that HOXA11-AS expression in human OSCC cases correlates with lymph node metastasis, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) upregulation, and dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH): quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) downregulation. Using the human OSCC cell lines HSC3 and HSC4, we demonstrate that HOXA11-AS promotes NQO1 expression by sponging microRNA-494. In contrast, HOXA11-AS recruits zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) to the NQO2 promoter to suppress its expression via the trimethylation of H3K27. The upregulation of NQO1 enzymatic activity by HOXA11-AS results in the consumption of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which reduces FAD-requiring glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity and suppresses glycolysis. However, our analyses show that lactic acid fermentation levels are preserved by glutaminolysis due to increased malic enzyme-1 expression, promoting enhanced proliferation, invasion, survival, and drug resistance. In contrast, suppression of NQO2 expression reduces the consumption of NRH via NQO2 enzymatic activity and increases NAD levels, which promotes enhanced stemness and metastatic potential. In mouse tumor models, knockdown of HOXA11-AS markedly suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis. From these findings, targeting HOXA11-AS may strongly suppress high-grade OSCC by regulating both NQO1 and NQO2.
Collapse
|
8
|
Fujiwara-Tani R, Sasaki T, Takagi T, Mori S, Kishi S, Nishiguchi Y, Ohmori H, Fujii K, Kuniyasu H. Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma Cell Lines Stems from Reprogramming of Energy Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147824. [PMID: 35887170 PMCID: PMC9323155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with poor prognosis because it is often detected at an advanced stage, and drug resistance interferes with treatment. However, the mechanism underlying drug resistance in PDAC remains unclear. Here, we investigated metabolic changes between a parental PDAC cell line and a gemcitabine (GEM)-resistant PDAC cell line. We established a GEM-resistant cell line, MIA-G, from MIA-PaCa-2 parental (MIA-P) cells using continuous therapeutic-dose GEM treatment. MIA-G cells were also more resistant to 5-fluorouracil in comparison to MIA-P cells. Metabolic flux analysis showed a higher oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in MIA-G cells than in MIA-P cells. Notably, OCR was suppressed by GEM treatment only in MIA-G cells. GEM treatment increased mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MIA-P cells, but not in MIA-G cells. Glutamine uptake and peroxidase levels were elevated in MIA-G cells. The antioxidants N-acetyl-L-cysteine and vitamin C increased the sensitivity to GEM in both cell lines. In MIA-G cells, the expression of the mitochondrial transcription factor A also decreased. Furthermore, rotenone reduced the sensitivity of MIA-P cells to GEM. These findings suggest that the suppression of oxidative phosphorylation contributes to GEM resistance by reducing ROS production. Our study provides a new approach for reducing GEM resistance in PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Correspondence: (R.F.-T.); (H.K.); Tel.: +81-744-22-3051 (R.F.-T. & H.K.); Fax: +81-744-25-7308 (R.F.-T. & H.K.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Correspondence: (R.F.-T.); (H.K.); Tel.: +81-744-22-3051 (R.F.-T. & H.K.); Fax: +81-744-25-7308 (R.F.-T. & H.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kishi S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Honoki K, Sasaki R, Mori S, Ohmori H, Sasaki T, Miyagawa Y, Kawahara I, Kido A, Tanaka Y, Kuniyasu H. Oxidized high mobility group B-1 enhances metastability of colorectal cancer via modification of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2904-2915. [PMID: 35570394 PMCID: PMC9357642 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is known to be a chemotactic factor for mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), but the effect of post-translational modification on its function is not clear. In this study, we hypothesized that differences in the oxidation state of HMGB1 would lead to differences in the function of MSCs in cancer. In human colorectal cancer, MSCs infiltrating into the stroma were correlated with liver metastasis and serum HMGB1. In animal models, oxidized HMGB1 mobilized 3-fold fewer MSCs to subcutaneous tumors compared to reduced HMGB1. Reduced HMGB1 inhibited proliferation of mouse bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) and induced differentiation into osteoblasts and vascular pericytes, whereas oxidized HMGB1 promoted proliferation and increased stemness, and no differentiation was observed. When BM-MSCs pretreated with oxidized HMGB1 were co-cultured with syngeneic cancer cells, cell proliferation and stemness of cancer cells were increased, and tumorigenesis and drug resistance were promoted. In contrast, co-culture with reduced HMGB1-pretreated BM-MSCs did not enhance stemness. In an animal orthotopic transplantation colorectal cancer model, oxidized HMGB1, but not reduced HMGB1, promoted liver metastasis with intratumoral MSC chemotaxis. Thus, oxidized HMGB1 reprograms MSCs and promotes cancer malignancy. The oxidized HMGB1-MSC axis may be an important target for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedics, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Rika Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Isao Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Akira Kido
- Department of Orthopedics, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Orthopedics, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
High-Concentration Metformin Reduces Oxidative Stress Injury and Inhibits the Growth and Migration of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1466991. [PMID: 35592685 PMCID: PMC9113878 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1466991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the mechanism of metformin in treating CCRCC. Methods Prospective cohort study was conducted. SOD and cyclin D in six CCRCC samples donated by volunteers were detected to compare the degree of oxidative stress injury and the status of cell proliferation. 786-0 CCRCC cells were cultured in vitro with different concentrations of metformin, and MTT assay and Transwell cell migration and wound healing assay were used to detect their proliferation and migration. After culture, SOD and cyclin D in 786-0 CCRCC cells were also detected. Results In the edge tissue, SOD was lower than in the tumor nest and normal tissue, and cyclin D was highly expressed. In grade II CCRCC, SOD was higher than in grade IV CCRCC, but cyclin D was also highly expressed in grade IV CCRCC. The cell proliferation rate and density of the metformin group were lower than the control group, while in the high-concentration metformin group, it was lower than medium- and low-concentration groups. After culture, the migration of 786-0 cells in the metformin group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the wound healing rate was decreased, and the migration and wound healing rates in the high-concentration metformin group were significantly lower than those in the medium- and low-concentration groups. However, the SOD of the metformin group was higher than the control group, but the cyclin D was lower, while the SOD was higher than medium- and low-concentration groups in the high-concentration group, but the cyclin D was lower after cultured. Conclusion High-concentration metformin can reduce oxidative stress injury, increase the expression of SOD in CCRCC, and reduce cyclin D in CCRCC to inhibit proliferation and migration, which has optimistic prospects and application value in controlling the progression of CCRCC.
Collapse
|
11
|
Sunitinib and Pterostilbene Combination Treatment Exerts Antitumor Effects in Gastric Cancer via Suppression of PDZD8. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074002. [PMID: 35409367 PMCID: PMC8999764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of molecular-targeted drugs in the treatment of gastric cancer is increasing. However, the variety of molecular-targeted drugs in gastric cancer is still limited, and the development of new molecular-targeted therapies is required. The effect of combining sunitinib (SUN) with pterostilbene (PTE) on the human gastric cancer cell lines TMK1 and MKN74 was examined in in vitro and in vivo. Compared with SUN or PTE treatment alone, cotreatment induced pronounced suppression of cell proliferation, with a marked increase in oxidative stress. SUN was associated with a significant retention of mitochondrial Fe2+. SUN-treated cells decreased expression of PDZ domain-containing protein 8 (PDZD8). Knockdown of PDZD8 in both cells induced Fe2+ retention, and siPDZD8+PTE markedly suppressed cell proliferation with suppressed oxidative phosphorylation, as did the combination of SUN+PTE. In a nude mouse tumor model, a pronounced antitumor effect was observed with SUN+PTE treatment compared to SUN alone. PDZD8 may be a newly discovered off-target for SUN, and that the combined use of PTE with SUN significantly promotes antitumor activity in gastric cancer cell lines. The combined use of SUN and PTE might be a new molecular-targeted therapy for gastric cancer.
Collapse
|
12
|
5-Aminolevulinic acid overcomes hypoxia-induced radiation resistance by enhancing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in prostate cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:350-363. [PMID: 35365766 PMCID: PMC9296661 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01789-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The naturally occurring amino acid 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) biosynthesised in the mitochondria. When accumulated PpIX is excited by light (wavelength of 625–635 nm), reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated. Here, we investigated whether 5-ALA may increase the sensitisation of prostate cancer (PCA) cells to radiotherapy through the generation of ROS via its metabolite, PpIX. Methods Effect of 5-ALA on PC-3 and DU-145 PCA cell lines treated with ionising radiation (IR) was examined in vitro and in vivo with assessment by clonogenic assay, mitochondrial function and ROS production under normoxia or hypoxia condition. Results 5-ALA enhanced intra-mitochondrial ROS production immediately after exposure to IR and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential via increase of intra-cellular PpIX. IR with 5-ALA induced mitochondrial dysfunction and increased ATP production, switching energy metabolism to the quiescence. Under hypoxic condition, ROS burst and mitochondrial dysfunction were induced by IR with 5-ALA resulting reducing cancer stemness and radiation resistance. Conclusion These results suggest that combined therapy with 5-ALA and radiation therapy is a novel strategy to improve the anti-cancer effects of radiation therapy for PCA.
Collapse
|
13
|
Suppressive GLI2 fragment enhances liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2022; 13:122-135. [PMID: 35047127 PMCID: PMC8763325 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA) has been shown to cause inflammation and promote development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Moreover, many literatures show that LA is associated with cancer metastasis. Metastatic cancer cells have high stemness, suggesting that LA might affect the stemness of cancer cells. In this study, we examined the effect of LA on the hedgehog system, which affects cancer stemness. In CT26 cells, LA treatment induced the expression of sonic hedgehog (Shh); the signal transduction factor, and glioma-associated oncogene homolog (Gli)2, whereas the expression of SRY-box transcription factor (Sox)17 was suppressed. Furthermore, LA reduced GLI2 ubiquitination, resulting in an increase in the N-terminal fragment of GLI2, known as suppressive GLI2, produced by cleavage of GLI2. LA-induced cleaved GLI2 was also detected in Colo320 and HT29 human CRC cells. Knocking down Gli2 abrogated the LA-mediated suppression of Sox17 expression. These results suggest that LA promotes tumor cell stemness by increasing of suppressive GLI2 fragments via GLI2 modification. In mouse liver metastasis models, LA enhanced metastasis with production of the suppressive GLI2 fragments in CT26 and HT29 cells, whereas knockdown of GLI2 abrogated LA-induced metastatic activity. In human CRCs, the cases with liver metastasis showed the suppressive GLI2 fragments. This study provides mechanistic insights into LA-induced stemness in colon cancer cells. This finding suggests that dietary intake of LA might increase the stemness of cancer cells and enhance metastatic activity of the cancer.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kishi S, Nishiguchi Y, Honoki K, Mori S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Sasaki T, Fujii K, Kawahara I, Goto K, Nakashima C, Kido A, Tanaka Y, Luo Y, Kuniyasu H. Role of Glycated High Mobility Group Box-1 in Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5185. [PMID: 34068442 PMCID: PMC8153607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are produced in response to a high-glucose environment and oxidative stress and exacerbate various diseases. Nε-(Carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) is an AGE that is produced by the glycation of lysine residues of proteins. There are a few reports on alterations in protein function due to CML modification; however, its association with cancer is not clear. We investigated the significance of CML modification in high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB1), a cytokine that is significantly associated with cancer progression. Treatment of the gastric cancer cell lines TMK1 and MKN74 with glyoxal or glucose resulted in increased CML modification compared to untreated cells. CML-HMGB1 was modified via oxidation and more pronouncedly activated the receptor for AGE and downstream AKT and NF-κB compared to naïve HMGB1 and oxidized HMGB1. CML-HMGB1 bound with reduced affinity to DNA and histone H3, resulting in enhanced extranuclear translocation and extracellular secretion. Treatment of gastric cancer cells with CML-HMGB1 enhanced cell proliferation and invasion, sphere formation, and protection from thapsigargin-induced apoptosis, and decreased 5-FU sensitivity in comparison to HMGB1. Further, CML-HMGB1 was detected at various levels in all the 10 gastric cancer tumor specimens. HMGB1 levels correlated with primary tumor progression and distant metastasis, whereas CML-HMGB1 levels were associated with primary tumor progression, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and stage. In addition, CML-HMGB1 levels correlated with oxidative stress in cancer tissues and resistance to neoadjuvant therapy. Therefore, CML modification of HMGB1 enhanced the cancer-promoting effect of HMGB1. In this study, CML-HMGB1 has been highlighted as a new therapeutic target, and analysis of the molecular structure of CML-HMGB1 is desired in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| | - Yukiko Nishiguchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedics, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan; (K.H.); (A.K.); (Y.T.)
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| | - Isao Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| | - Kei Goto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| | - Chie Nakashima
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| | - Akira Kido
- Department of Orthopedics, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan; (K.H.); (A.K.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Orthopedics, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan; (K.H.); (A.K.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (I.K.); (K.G.); (C.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pterostilbene in Cancer Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030492. [PMID: 33801098 PMCID: PMC8004113 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural polyphenols are organic chemicals which contain phenol units in their structures and possess antitumor properties. However, a key problem is their short half-life and low bioavailability under in vivo conditions. Pterostilbene (3,5-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxystilbene; PT) is a phytoalexin originally isolated from the heartwood of red sandalwood. As recently reported by our group, PT was shown to be effective in the treatment of melanoma. Counterintuitively, PT is not effective (cytotoxic) against melanoma in vitro, and only under in vivo conditions does PT display its anticancer activity. This study elucidated that PT can be effective against melanoma through the inhibition of adrenocorticotropic hormone production in the brain of a mouse, which weakens the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant defenses of melanoma and also pancreatic cancers. This results in both the inhibition of tumor growth and sensitization of the tumor to oxidative stress. Moreover, PT can promote cancer cell death via a mechanism involving lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Different grades of susceptibility were observed among the different cancer cells depending on their lysosomal heat shock protein 70 content, a known stabilizer of lysosomal membranes. In addition, the safety of PT administered i.v. has been evaluated in mice. PT was found to be pharmacologically safe because it showed no organ-specific or systemic toxicity (including tissue histopathologic examination and regular hematology and clinical chemistry data) even when administered i.v. at a high dose (30 mg/kg per day × 23 days). Moreover, new pharmacological advances are being developed to increase its bioavailability and, thereby, its bioefficacy. Therefore, although applications of PT in cancer therapy are just beginning to be explored, it represents a potential (and effective) adjuvant/sensitizing therapy which may improve the results of various oncotherapies. The aim of this review is to present and discuss the results that in our opinion best support the usefulness of PT in cancer therapy, making special emphasis on the in vivo evidence.
Collapse
|