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Tamski J, Hakala T, Huhtala H, Metso S. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients operated for primary hyperparathyroidism at Tampere University Hospital in 2017-2018. Scand J Surg 2024; 113:254-260. [PMID: 38433618 DOI: 10.1177/14574969241228409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Studies on the outcomes of parathyroid surgery are scarce. The aim was to report the outcomes and to study the association between pre- and peri-operative information with the outcomes of patients operated for primary hyperparathyroidism. METHODS This was a retrospective, descriptive study with unselected patients treated surgically for primary hyperparathyroidism from a catchment population of 704,500 in Finland. Data were acquired from the electronic hospital registers based on parathyroid surgery procedure codes between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018. Preoperative data, surgical data, preoperative and postoperative laboratory values, histopathological findings, and postoperative clinical data were recorded. RESULTS During the 2-year study period, 149 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were treated surgically with a 97% remission rate. Surgical complications included postoperative bleeding in two patients (1%) and vocal cord paralysis in one patient (0.6%). No postoperative infections were reported. Three patients (2%) developed postoperative hypoparathyroidism necessitating the use of alfacalcidol more than 1 month after surgery. Ionized calcium measured 0-1 days after surgery was not statistically significantly associated with remission or postoperative hypoparathyroidism. Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) assessed 0-1 days postoperatively was associated with persistent disease, but not with postoperative hypoparathyroidism. The histopathological diagnosis was adenoma or hyperplasia in 112 patients (75%), atypical adenoma in 28 patients (19%), and carcinoma in five patients (3%). Patients with parathyroid carcinoma had higher preoperative ionized calcium and PTH values than those with adenoma or hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS Most patients who were operated due to primary hyperparathyroidism achieved normocalcemia after surgery, and the frequency of complications was low. Ionized calcium taken 0-1 days after surgery was not associated with remission of hyperparathyroidism or postoperative hypoparathyroidism. High postoperative serum PTH predicted persistent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Tamski
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tommi Hakala
- Department of Surgery Tampere University Hospital P.O. Box 27233101 Tampere Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Saara Metso
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Okumura M, Sato T, Takahashi J, Kokubu T, Nakada R, Kitagawa T, Tanabe M, Takatsu H, Onda A, Komatsu T, Sakuta K, Sakai K, Umehara T, Mitsumura H, Iguchi Y. Small ischemic lesions accompanying intracerebral hemorrhage: The underlying influence of old lacunes and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1157-1165. [PMID: 38331645 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Small ischemic lesions (SILs) accompanying intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) might be induced by small-vessel vulnerability and hypercoagulation. Some polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been associated with hypercoagulation in cardiovascular diseases. Our aim here is to determine how pre-existing small-vessel disease (SVD) and PUFAs may affect SILs. METHODS AND RESULTS We screened consecutive ICH patients (October 2012-December 2021) meeting two inclusion criteria: (1) the patients were hospitalized for acute ICH and were undergoing magnetic resonance imaging and (2) the patients' PUFA measurements were available. After excluding patients with isolated intraventricular hemorrhage, we evaluated whether three SVD markers (white matter hyperintensities, old lacunes, cerebral microbleeds) and PUFAs might be associated with the development of SILs. We selected 319 participants from 377 screened consecutive ICH patients (median age = 64, males = 207 [65 %]). Of the 319 patients, 45 patients (14 %) developed SILs. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, the factors associated with SILs were old lacunes (OR 3.255, 95 % CI 1.101-9.622, p = 0.033) and DHA/AA ratio (OR 0.180, 95 % CI 0.046-0.704, p = 0.013). Furthermore, in our multivariable analysis using DHA/AA ratio tertiles with and without SILs, we observed a linear trend between SILs and the Higher Tertile of the DHA/AA ratio (DHA/AA ratio Mid-Tertile: OR 1.330, 95%CI 0.557-3.177, p = 0.521, and DHA/AA ratio Lower Tertile: OR 2.632, 95%CI 1.124-6.162, p = 0.026). CONCLUSION The presence of old lacunes and lower DHA/AA ratios might be associated with SILs accompanying ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Okumura
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Junichiro Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Kokubu
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nakada
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Kitagawa
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Tanabe
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takatsu
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Onda
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Komatsu
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sakuta
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Sakai
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Umehara
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Mitsumura
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Bozbas E, Zhou R, Soyama S, Allen-Redpath K, Mitchell JL, Fisk HL, Calder PC, Jones C, Gibbins JM, Fischer R, Hester S, Yaqoob P. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids alter the number, fatty acid profile and coagulatory activity of circulating and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles: a randomized, controlled crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:1175-1186. [PMID: 38484976 PMCID: PMC11130656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are proposed to play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and are considered emerging markers of CVDs. n-3 PUFAs are abundant in oily fish and fish oil and are reported to reduce CVD risk, but there has been little research to date examining the effects of n-3 PUFAs on the generation and function of EVs. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the effects of fish oil supplementation on the number, generation, and function of EVs in subjects with moderate risk of CVDs. METHODS A total of 40 participants with moderate risk of CVDs were supplemented with capsules containing either fish oil (1.9 g/d n-3 PUFAs) or control oil (high-oleic safflower oil) for 12 wk in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover intervention study. The effects of fish oil supplementation on conventional CVD and thrombogenic risk markers were measured, along with the number and fatty acid composition of circulating and platelet-derived EVs (PDEVs). PDEV proteome profiles were evaluated, and their impact on coagulation was assessed using assays including fibrin clot formation, thrombin generation, fibrinolysis, and ex vivo thrombus formation. RESULTS n-3 PUFAs decreased the numbers of circulating EVs by 27%, doubled their n-3 PUFA content, and reduced their capacity to support thrombin generation by >20% in subjects at moderate risk of CVDs. EVs derived from n-3 PUFA-enriched platelets in vitro also resulted in lower thrombin generation, but did not alter thrombus formation in a whole blood ex vivo assay. CONCLUSIONS Dietary n-3 PUFAs alter the number, composition, and function of EVs, reducing their coagulatory activity. This study provides clear evidence that EVs support thrombin generation and that this EV-dependent thrombin generation is reduced by n-3 PUFAs, which has implications for prevention and treatment of thrombosis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03203512.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Bozbas
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Ruihan Zhou
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Shin Soyama
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Allen-Redpath
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne L Mitchell
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Helena L Fisk
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Jones
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Svenja Hester
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Parveen Yaqoob
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.
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Singh A, Verma N, Kant S, Verma AK, Tripathi A, Bhardwaj K. Impact of Flaxseed Oil Supplementation on Tobacco Dependence, Craving, and Haematological Parameters in Tobacco-Dependent Subjects. Cureus 2024; 16:e57101. [PMID: 38681370 PMCID: PMC11054311 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tobacco is prevalently used in smoking or smokeless forms and remains a major public health concern worldwide, with its adverse effects on overall health. Omega-3 fatty acid (FA) has shown its promising effects in various health conditions. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of flaxseed oil (omega-3 supplementation) on tobacco dependence, craving, withdrawal symptoms, and haematological parameters in tobacco users. Methods In this randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled study, 104 tobacco users (54 in the omega-3 group and 50 in the placebo group) were supplemented with 10 ml of food-grade flaxseed oil and 10 ml of placebo for six months, respectively. Their demographics, frequency of daily tobacco use, tobacco dependence, tobacco craving, tobacco withdrawal symptoms, and complete blood count (CBC) were assessed at baseline (before intervention) and after a six-month intervention. Results The demographic characteristics of the two groups were similar except for gender at baseline. There were 50 males and four females in the omega-3 group, while there were 42 males and eight females in the placebo group. After a six-month flaxseed oil intervention, BMI values showed a significant reduction (p = 0.0081) in the omega-3 group when compared to baseline; however, CBC parameters did not show any significant changes when comparing baseline to follow-up values. On the contrary, haemoglobin and red blood cells (RBCs) showed significant changes when comparing the follow-ups of the omega-3 group with the placebo group, indicating p = 0.0016 and p = 0.0163, respectively. Also, omega-3 effectively decreased daily tobacco use frequency (p<0.0001), tobacco dependence (p<0.0001), and craving (p<0.0001). Conclusion Supplementation of 10 ml of flaxseed oil per day (omega-3 FA) for six months significantly reduced tobacco dependence and cravings. Additionally, the flaxseed oil supplementation effectively reduced the frequency of daily tobacco intake and modulated tobacco withdrawal symptoms. Thus, our results suggest that flaxseed oil supplementation is a useful adjunct for tobacco users who intend to quit tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Singh
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Narsingh Verma
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Surya Kant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Ajay K Verma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Adarsh Tripathi
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Kshitij Bhardwaj
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
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Cáceres A, Cruz SM, de León C, Méndez R. Yield and Chemical Characteristics of Salvia hispanica L. (Chia) Oil from Native Seeds from Four Provenances of Guatemala. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:555-561. [PMID: 37183473 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230512124457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is a plant from the Lamiaceae family that has been used as ancestral food, medicine, and oil, with culinary, artistic, and religious purposes by most of the Mesoamerican civilizations. Native from Mesoamerica, introduced into South America, Australia, and Europe, it is presently consumed as a nutritional and functional food. OBJECTIVE This research aims to characterize ancient native cultivars from four provenances in Guatemala to recommend their direct consumption by the population as well as to establish its trade. METHODS Seed samples were collected in four places where they have been cultivated for several generations. The oil was obtained by expression and analyzed chemically by gas chromatography following standard qualitative and quantitative methods. RESULTS Variations in oil yield and some of the characteristic parameters of the phytochemical analysis were obtained. In general, the profile was similar to most of the reported data in the literature, with the saturated fatty acids (8.54-9.25%) relatively lower than the references (7.95-11.45%) but a higher concentration of unsaturated fatty oils, particularly of omega-3 (64.68-68.62%). CONCLUSION The oil from native cultivars contains high quantities of omega-3, which might help pregnant women during gestation and to control other conditions such as metabolic syndrome, particularly in low- and middle-income populations where these seeds are consumed regularly. The suggestion is made to encourage the cultivation and use of these ancestral seeds with the possibility of commercialization abroad with an appellation of origin label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Cáceres
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (Lipronat), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, Universidad de San Carlos, Cdad. de Guatemala, 01002, Guatemala
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales Farmaya, Guatemala
| | - Sully M Cruz
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (Lipronat), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, Universidad de San Carlos, Cdad. de Guatemala, 01002, Guatemala
| | - Claudia de León
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Biológicas, Biomédicas y Biofísicas, Universidad Mariano Gálvez, Cdad. de Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Rebeca Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Biológicas, Biomédicas y Biofísicas, Universidad Mariano Gálvez, Cdad. de Guatemala, Guatemala
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Naeem S, Ali L, Jaffar N, Khan SS, Shafiq Y, Suri S, Tahir A. Shark fish oil prevents scopolamine-induced memory impairment in an experimental model. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:15-27. [PMID: 38008885 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Fish oil has been known for its antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective characteristics due to the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that are essential for optimal brain function and mental health. The present study investigated the effect of Carcharhinus Bleekeri (Shark Fish) oil on learning and memory functions in scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats. Locomotor and memory-enhancing activity in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats was investigated by assessing the open field and passive avoidance paradigm. Forty male Albino mice were divided into 4 equal groups (n = 10) as bellow: 1 - control (received 0.9% saline), 2 - SCOP (received scopolamine 2 mg/kg for 21 days), 3 - SCOP + SFO (received scopolamine and fish oil 5 mg/kg/ day for 21 days), 4 - SCOP + Donepezil groups (received 3 mg/kg/day for 21 days). SFO produced significant (P < 0.01) locomotor and memory-enhancing activities in open-field and passive avoidance paradigm models. Additionally, SFO restored the Acetylcholine (ACh) concentration in the hippocampus (p < 0.05) and remarkably prevented the degradation of monoamines. Histology of brain tissue showed marked cellular distortion in the scopolamine-treated group, while the SFO treatment restored distortion in the brain's hippocampus region. These results suggest that the SFO significantly ameliorates scopolamine-induced spatial memory impairment by attenuating the ACh and monoamine concentrations in the rat's hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Naeem
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Liaquat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Jaffar
- Department of Pathology, Sindh Medical College, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saira Saeed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Yousra Shafiq
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Suri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Anosh Tahir
- Dow Institute of Medical Technology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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7
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Varzaru I, Oancea AG, Vlaicu PA, Saracila M, Untea AE. Exploring the Antioxidant Potential of Blackberry and Raspberry Leaves: Phytochemical Analysis, Scavenging Activity, and In Vitro Polyphenol Bioaccessibility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2125. [PMID: 38136244 PMCID: PMC10740815 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this research was nutritional evaluation through the phytochemical analysis of blackberry and raspberry leaves, the screening of their biological activity (antioxidant capacity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation), and the investigation of the effect of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (GID) of blackberry and raspberry leaves on the bioaccessibility of polyphenol subclasses. The concentrations of the analyzed liposoluble antioxidants were higher (p < 0.05) in blackberry leaves compared to raspberry leaves, while a significant (p < 0.05) higher content of water-soluble antioxidants was registered in raspberry leaves (with a total polyphenol content of 26.2 mg GAE/g DW of which flavonoids accounted for 10.6 mg/g DW). Blackberry leaves had the highest antioxidant capacity inhibition of the superoxide radicals (O2•-), while raspberry leaves registered the highest inhibition of hydroxyl radicals (•OH), suggesting a high biological potency in scavenging-free radicals under in vitro systems. The maximum inhibition percentage of lipid peroxidation was obtained for blackberry leaves (24.86% compared to 4.37% in raspberry leaves), suggesting its potential to limit oxidative reactions. Simulated in vitro digestion showed that hydroxybenzoic acids registered the highest bioaccessibility index in the intestinal phase of both types of leaves, with gallic acid being one of the most bioaccessible phenolics. The outcomes of this investigation reveal that the most significant release of phenolic compounds from blackberry and raspberry leaves occurs either during or after the gastric phase. Knowledge about the bioaccessibility and stability of polyphenol compounds during digestion can provide significant insights into the bioavailability of these molecules and the possible effectiveness of plant metabolites for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Varzaru
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucuresti, No. 1, 077015 Balotesti, Romania; (A.G.O.); (P.A.V.); (M.S.)
| | | | | | | | - Arabela Elena Untea
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucuresti, No. 1, 077015 Balotesti, Romania; (A.G.O.); (P.A.V.); (M.S.)
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Rodrigues LS, da Silva JAR, Lourenço-Júnior JDB, Maciel e Silva AG, Rodrigues TCGDC, da Silva WC, da Silva TC, de Castro VCG, Alfaia CM, de Almeida AM, Prates JAM. Evaluation of the Composition of the Cholesterol, Tocopherols, β-Carotene and Fatty Acids Profile of the Liver Tissue of Male Water Buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis) Managed in Different Ecosystems of the Eastern Amazon. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3785. [PMID: 38136822 PMCID: PMC10740842 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The diet offered to animals has a great influence on the composition of tissues and, consequently, the quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Amazonian ecosystems, in the dry and rainy periods of the year, on the composition of cholesterol, tocopherols, β-carotene and the fatty acid profile of the livers of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) reared in the Eastern Amazon, in an extensive or intensive system. Total lipid content was influenced by the location and time of year (p < 0.05). Ninety-six male water buffaloes were used (12 per sampling period), aged between 24 and 36 months, with average weights of 432 kg (end of the rainy season) and 409 kg (end of the dry season). Total cholesterol, α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol influenced the relationship between extensive vs intensive ecosystems, location, periods and the interaction between the location and period of the year (p < 0.05). Animals raised in a pasture ecosystem had the highest values of omega-3, and those raised in confinement, the highest values of omega-6 (p < 0.05). The proportions of n-6/n-3 and hypocholesterolemia (7.14) and hypercholesterolemia (3.08%) (h/H) were found in greater amounts in animals raised in confinement (p < 0.05). The atherogenic index (AI) had a higher value in the rainy season, in animals raised in Santarém (2.37%), with no difference between pasture and feedlot ecosystems, except in animals raised in the rainy season in Nova Timboteua, with a lower AI (1.53%). The thrombogenicity index (TI) was higher in the livers of confined animals (0.32%) and lower (0.18%) in those raised in Nova Timboteua (rainy season). Amazonian ecosystems influence the nutritional values of buffalo liver, with the best nutritional values in animals in the extensive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurena Silva Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (J.d.B.L.-J.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.)
| | - Jamile Andrea Rodrigues da Silva
- Institute of Animal Health and Production, Federal Rural University of the Amazônia (UFRA), Belem 66077-830, Brazil; (J.A.R.d.S.); (T.C.d.S.)
| | - José de Brito Lourenço-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (J.d.B.L.-J.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.)
| | - André Guimarães Maciel e Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (J.d.B.L.-J.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.)
| | - Thomaz Cyro Guimarães de Carvalho Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCAN), Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Para (UFPA), Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil; (L.S.R.); (J.d.B.L.-J.); (A.G.M.e.S.); (T.C.G.d.C.R.)
| | - Welligton Conceição da Silva
- Institute of Animal Health and Production, Federal Rural University of the Amazônia (UFRA), Belem 66077-830, Brazil; (J.A.R.d.S.); (T.C.d.S.)
| | - Thiago Carvalho da Silva
- Institute of Animal Health and Production, Federal Rural University of the Amazônia (UFRA), Belem 66077-830, Brazil; (J.A.R.d.S.); (T.C.d.S.)
| | - Vinicius Costa Gomes de Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon (PPGSPAA), Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA), Belem 66077-830, Brazil;
| | - Cristina Mateus Alfaia
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.M.A.); (J.A.M.P.)
| | - André Martinho de Almeida
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - José António Mestre Prates
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.M.A.); (J.A.M.P.)
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4Animals), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
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Vlaicu PA, Untea AE, Varzaru I, Saracila M, Oancea AG. Designing Nutrition for Health-Incorporating Dietary By-Products into Poultry Feeds to Create Functional Foods with Insights into Health Benefits, Risks, Bioactive Compounds, Food Component Functionality and Safety Regulations. Foods 2023; 12:4001. [PMID: 37959120 PMCID: PMC10650119 DOI: 10.3390/foods12214001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the concept of nutrition by design, exploring the relationship between poultry production, the utilization of dietary by-products to create functional foods, and their impact on human health. Functional foods are defined as products that extend beyond their basic nutritional value, offering potential benefits in disease prevention and management. Various methods, including extraction, fermentation, enrichment, biotechnology, and nanotechnology, are employed to obtain bioactive compounds for these functional foods. This review also examines the innovative approach of enhancing livestock diets to create functional foods through animal-based methods. Bioactive compounds found in these functional foods, such as essential fatty acids, antioxidants, carotenoids, minerals, vitamins, and bioactive peptides, are highlighted for their potential in promoting well-being and mitigating chronic diseases. Additionally, the review explores the functionality of food components within these products, emphasizing the critical roles of bioaccessibility, bioactivity, and bioavailability in promoting health. The importance of considering key aspects in the design of enhanced poultry diets for functional food production is thoroughly reviewed. The safety of these foods through the establishment of regulations and guidelines was reviewed. It is concluded that the integration of nutrition by design principles empowers individuals to make informed choices that can prioritize their health and well-being. By incorporating functional foods rich in bioactive compounds, consumers can proactively take steps to prevent and manage health issues, ultimately contributing to a healthier society and lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petru Alexandru Vlaicu
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Animal Nutrition and Biology, 077015 Balotesti, Romania; (A.E.U.); (I.V.); (M.S.); (A.G.O.)
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Koleničová V, Vňuková MS, Anders M, Fišerová M, Raboch J, Ptáček R. A Review Article on Exercise Intolerance in Long COVID: Unmasking the Causes and Optimizing Treatment Strategies. Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e941079. [PMID: 37897034 PMCID: PMC10619330 DOI: 10.12659/msm.941079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of research on SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), previously known as the post-COVID syndrome, a chronic condition characterized by symptoms that persist after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among these symptoms, feelings of physical exhaustion and prolonged fatigue are particularly prevalent and can significantly impact patients' quality of life. These symptoms are associated with reduced overall physical capacity, decreased daily physical activity, malaise after intense training, and intolerance to physical activity (IFA). IFA, described as a reduced ability to perform physical activities typical for the patient's age, can often lead to a sedentary lifestyle. Prolonged physical inactivity can cause deterioration in the overall physical condition and disrupt mitochondrial function, triggering a vicious cycle of gradual symptom worsening. The underlying causes of PASC remain unclear; however, several biochemical mechanisms have been discussed to explain the body's energy depletion, and a multidisciplinary approach that combines physical and cognitive rehabilitation and lifestyle interventions such as exercise and diet modifications has been suggested to improve the overall health and well-being of PASC patients. This critical review aims to review the existing research on the possible causes and links among chronic fatigue, reduced physical activity, and exercise intolerance in patients with PASC. Further research into the underlying causes and treatment of PASC and the importance of developing individualized treatment is needed to address each patient's unique health requirements.
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11
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Szymańska P, Luzak B, Miłowska K, Golański J. The Anti-Aggregative Potential of Resolvin E1 on Human Platelets. Molecules 2023; 28:5323. [PMID: 37513197 PMCID: PMC10385542 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Resolvin E1 is a metabolite of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) which is one of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs). The antiplatelet properties of omega-3 PUFAs are well known, but the effect of resolvin E1 on platelets via the collagen receptors is extremely poorly reported. We investigated the effect of resolvin E1 on collagen-induced platelet aggregation, activation, and reactivity, and also platelet membrane fluidity. The ultimate and statistically significant results showed that resolvin E1 may inhibit platelet reactivity due to the reduction of collagen-induced platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma and isolated platelets, but not in whole blood. Also, resolvin E1 significantly reduced P-selectin exposure on collagen-stimulated platelets. Moreover, we demonstrated that resolvin E1 can maintain platelet membrane structure (without increasing membrane fluidity). The association between platelet reactivity and membrane fluidity, including resolvin E1 and collagen receptors requires further research. However, the goal of this study was to shed light on the molecular mechanisms behind the anti-aggregative effects of resolvin E1 on platelets, which are still not fully clarified. We also indicate an innovative research direction focused on further analysis and then use of omega-3 PUFAs metabolites as antiplatelet compounds for future applications in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Szymańska
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bogusława Luzak
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Miłowska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Golański
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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Kietaibl S, Ahmed A, Afshari A, Albaladejo P, Aldecoa C, Barauskas G, De Robertis E, Faraoni D, Filipescu DC, Fries D, Godier A, Haas T, Jacob M, Lancé MD, Llau JV, Meier J, Molnar Z, Mora L, Rahe-Meyer N, Samama CM, Scarlatescu E, Schlimp C, Wikkelsø AJ, Zacharowski K. Management of severe peri-operative bleeding: Guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care: Second update 2022. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2023; 40:226-304. [PMID: 36855941 DOI: 10.1097/eja.0000000000001803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of peri-operative bleeding is complex and involves multiple assessment tools and strategies to ensure optimal patient care with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality. These updated guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) aim to provide an evidence-based set of recommendations for healthcare professionals to help ensure improved clinical management. DESIGN A systematic literature search from 2015 to 2021 of several electronic databases was performed without language restrictions. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies and to formulate recommendations. A Delphi methodology was used to prepare a clinical practice guideline. RESULTS These searches identified 137 999 articles. All articles were assessed, and the existing 2017 guidelines were revised to incorporate new evidence. Sixteen recommendations derived from the systematic literature search, and four clinical guidances retained from previous ESAIC guidelines were formulated. Using the Delphi process on 253 sentences of guidance, strong consensus (>90% agreement) was achieved in 97% and consensus (75 to 90% agreement) in 3%. DISCUSSION Peri-operative bleeding management encompasses the patient's journey from the pre-operative state through the postoperative period. Along this journey, many features of the patient's pre-operative coagulation status, underlying comorbidities, general health and the procedures that they are undergoing need to be taken into account. Due to the many important aspects in peri-operative nontrauma bleeding management, guidance as to how best approach and treat each individual patient are key. Understanding which therapeutic approaches are most valuable at each timepoint can only enhance patient care, ensuring the best outcomes by reducing blood loss and, therefore, overall morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSION All healthcare professionals involved in the management of patients at risk for surgical bleeding should be aware of the current therapeutic options and approaches that are available to them. These guidelines aim to provide specific guidance for bleeding management in a variety of clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Kietaibl
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, Evangelical Hospital Vienna and Sigmund Freud Private University Vienna, Austria (SK), Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust (AAh), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, UK (AAh), Department of Paediatric and Obstetric Anaesthesia, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark (AAf), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (AAf), Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care, CNRS/TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525/Themas, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France (PA), Department of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain (CA), Department of Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania (GB), Division of Anaesthesia, Analgesia, and Intensive Care - Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Italy (EDR), Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA (DFa), University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Department of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Disease, Bucharest, Romania (DCF), Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (DFr), Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care, APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France (AG), Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA (TH), Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, St.-Elisabeth-Hospital Straubing, Straubing, Germany (MJ), Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical College East Africa, The Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya (MDL), Department of Anaesthesiology & Post-Surgical Intensive Care, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain (JVL), Department of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria (JM), Department of Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (ZM), Department of Anaesthesiology & Post-Surgical Intensive Care, University Trauma Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (LM), Department of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, Franziskus Hospital, Bielefeld, Germany (NRM), Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Perioperative Medicine, GHU AP-HP. Centre - Université Paris Cité - Cochin Hospital, Paris, France (CMS), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest and University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania (ES), Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, AUVA Trauma Centre Linz and Ludwig Boltzmann-Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Co-operation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria (CS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark (AW) and Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine & Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (KZ)
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Chen W, Li T, Du S, Chen H, Wang Q. Microalgal polyunsaturated fatty acids: Hotspots and production techniques. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1146881. [PMID: 37064250 PMCID: PMC10102661 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1146881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Algae play a crucial role in the earth’s primary productivity by producing not only oxygen but also a variety of high-value nutrients. One such nutrient is polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are accumulated in many algae and can be consumed by animals through the food chain and eventually by humans. Omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs are essential nutrients for human and animal health. However, compared with plants and aquatic sourced PUFA, the production of PUFA-rich oil from microalgae is still in the early stages of exploration. This study has collected recent reports on algae-based PUFA production and analyzed related research hotspots and directions, including algae cultivation, lipids extraction, lipids purification, and PUFA enrichment processes. The entire technological process for the extraction, purification and enrichment of PUFA oils from algae is systemically summarized in this review, providing important guidance and technical reference for scientific research and industrialization of algae-based PUFA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Tianpei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shuwen Du
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Wang,
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Li J, Mao M, Li J, Chen Z, Ji Y, Kong J, Wang Z, Zhang J, Wang Y, Liang W, Liang H, Lv L, Liu Q, Yan R, Yuan H, Chen K, Chang Y, Chen G, Xing G. Oral Administration of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Attenuates Lung Injury Caused by PM2.5 Respiratory Inhalation Simply and Feasibly In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105323. [PMID: 35628131 PMCID: PMC9140442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For developing an effective interventional approach and treatment modality for PM2.5, the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on alleviating inflammation and attenuating lung injury induced by inhalation exposure of PM2.5 were assessed in murine models. We found that daily oral administration of the active components of omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) effectively alleviated lung parenchymal lesions, restored normal inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress levels in treating mice exposed to PM2.5 (20 mg/kg) every 3 days for 5 times over a 14-day period. Especially, CT images and the pathological analysis suggested protective effects of DHA and EPA on lung injury. The key molecular mechanism is that DHA and EPA can inhibit the entry and deposition of PM2.5, and block the PM2.5-mediated cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (G.X.)
| | - Meiru Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jiacheng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ziteng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ying Ji
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong Kong;
| | - Jianglong Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhijie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yujiao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Wei Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Haojun Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Linwen Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Qiuyang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ruyu Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hui Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Kui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yanan Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Guogang Chen
- College of Food Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China;
| | - Gengmei Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China; (M.M.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.K.); (Z.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.L.); (H.L.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (R.Y.); (H.Y.); (K.C.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (G.X.)
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15
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Sato T, Sakai K, Okumura M, Kitagawa T, Takatsu H, Tanabe M, Komatsu T, Sakuta K, Umehara T, Murakami H, Mitsumura H, Matsushima M, Iguchi Y. Low dihomo-γ-linolenic acid is associated with susceptibility vessel sign in cardioembolism. Thromb Res 2022; 213:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Fadallah M, Zahran MH, El-Assmy AM, Barakat NM, Khater S, Awadalla A, Ahmed AE, Ibrahiem ELHI, Shokeir AA. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: a modified approach for chemo-prevention of bladder cancer in a rat model and molecular studies of antineoplastic mechanisms. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6357-6365. [PMID: 35467177 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the chemo-preventative effects of omega-3 against bladder cancer (BC) induction in a rat model and its potential antineoplastic mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety male Fisher rats were divided into three groups during a 22-week protocol: group 1 (control), group 2 (Placebo + N-butyl-N-4- hydroxybutyl nitrosamine (BBN) for induction of BC and group 3 received omega-3 (1200 mg/kg/day) + BBN. At the end, blood samples and bladder tissues were collected and checked for the presence of malignancy, markers of angiogenesis (VEGF relative gene expression), inflammation (IL-6), proliferation (KI-67 expressions), oxidative stress (serum MDA and serum SOD) and epigenetic control (miRNA-145 level). RESULTS At the end of the study, 60% and 86.6% rats survived in group 2 and 3 with significant weight loss among rats in group 2 when compared with other groups. In group 2, all rats developed visible bladder lesions of which five and 13 developed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). In omega3-treated group, only one developed low grade SCC and one developed high grade non- invasive TCC. Bladders from omega-3-treated rats showed lower expression ofKI-67 (p < 0.05), VEGF (p < 0.001) and IL-6 (p < 0.001) and significant higher expression of mi-RNA (p < 0.001). Also, omega-3-treated group showed statistically significant lower MDA level (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Omega-3 inhibits bladder tumor growth in the BBN-induced BC rat model, due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-angiogenic properties together with epigenetic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fadallah
- Urology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed H Zahran
- Urology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Assmy
- Urology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nashwa M Barakat
- Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sherry Khater
- Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amira Awadalla
- Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Ahmed
- Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed A Shokeir
- Urology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Protty MB, Jenkins PV, Collins PW, O'Donnell VB. The role of procoagulant phospholipids on the surface of circulating blood cells in thrombosis and haemostasis. Open Biol 2022; 12:210318. [PMID: 35440201 PMCID: PMC9019515 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids (PLs) are found in all cell types and are required for structural support and cell activation signalling pathways. In resting cells, PLs are asymmetrically distributed throughout the plasma membrane with native procoagulant aminophospholipids (aPLs) being actively maintained in the inner leaflet of the membrane. Upon platelet activation, aPLs rapidly externalize to the outer leaflet and are essential for supporting the coagulation cascade by providing binding sites for factors in the cell-based model. More recent work has uncovered a role for enzymatically oxidized PLs (eoxPLs) in facilitating coagulation, working in concert with native aPLs. Despite this, the role of aPLs and eoxPLs in thrombo-inflammatory conditions, such as arterial and venous thrombosis, has not been fully elucidated. In this review, we describe the biochemical structures, distribution and regulation of aPL externalization and summarize the literature on eoxPL generation in circulating blood cells. We focus on the currently understood role of these lipids in mediating coagulation reactions in vitro, in vivo and in human thrombotic disease. Finally, we highlight gaps in our understanding in how these lipids vary in health and disease, which may place them as future therapeutic targets for the management of thrombo-inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd B. Protty
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - P. Vince Jenkins
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Peter W. Collins
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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Melo JSVD, Macêdo PFCD, Costa LAR, Batista-de-Oliveira-Hornsby M, Ferreira DJS. Fish oil supplementation and physical exercise during the development period increase cardiac antioxidant capacity in Wistar rats. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-657420220017721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Budharaju S, Chandramahanti SSK. Role of omega 3 fatty acids in the management of various diseases---A special emphasis on COVID-19. JOURNAL OF DR. NTR UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jdrntruhs.jdrntruhs_135_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Yang L, Min X, Zhu Y, Hu Y, Yang M, Yu H, Li J, Xiong X. Polymorphisms of SORBS1 Gene and Their Correlation with Milk Fat Traits of Cattleyak. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123461. [PMID: 34944239 PMCID: PMC8697865 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Increasing milk fat rate has a good effect on the milk quality of cattleyak. SNPs can help us find potential molecular markers for the milk fat traits of cattleyak, and they can be screened according to molecular markers when they are young. It provides a reference for cultivating high milk fat cattle population in the future. The results of this study suggest that the SORBS1 gene polymorphism is closely related to the milk fat traits of cattleyak, which could be used as a candidate genetic marker for milk fat trait selection in cattleyak. This study provides a new molecular marker and theoretical basis for screening the milk fat traits of cattleyak. It has a certain reference value for the research and improvement of milk quality. Abstract This study aimed to find the SNPs in the SORBS1 gene of cattleyak, analyze the relationship between its polymorphisms and the milk fat traits, and find potential molecular markers for the milk fat traits of cattleyak. The polymorphism of the SORBS1 gene in 350 cattleyak from Hongyuan County (Sichuan, China) were detected by PCR and DNA sequencing, and the correlation between these SNPs and the milk production traits of cattleyak was analyzed. The results showed that there were nine SNPs in the CDS and their adjacent non-coding regions of the SORBS1 gene, and all SNPs have three genotypes. The correlation analysis found that the genotypes with superior milk fat traits in the other eight alleles were homozygous genotypes with a high genotype frequency except the g.96284 G > A (c.3090 G > A) (p < 0.05). However, at locus g.96284 G > A, the milk fat percentage, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of the GA genotype were significantly higher than that of GG and AA genotypes (p < 0.05). Among these SNPs, three SNPs (g.6256 C > T (c.298 C > T), g.24791 A > G (c.706 A > G) and g.29121 A > G (c.979 A > G)) caused the amino acids change. The genotypes of the three SNPs consist of three haplotypes and four diplotypes. The amino acid mutation degree of diplotype H1–H1 (CCAAAA) was the highest, and its milk fat percentage, MUFAs, PUFAs and SFAs were also the highest (p < 0.05). Taken together, we found nine SNPs in the SORBS1 gene that are closely related to the milk fat traits of cattleyak. Moreover, the mutation of amino acids caused by SNPs had positive effects on the milk fat traits of cattleyak. H1-H1 is the dominant diplotype which significantly related to the milk fat traits of cattleyak. This study provides a new molecular marker and theoretical basis for screening the milk fat traits of cattleyak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Xingyu Min
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Yanjin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Yulei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Manzhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hailing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Xianrong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Xu MQ, Hao YL, Wang JR, Li ZY, Li H, Feng ZH, Wang H, Wang JW, Zhang X. Antitumor Activity of α-Linolenic Acid-Paclitaxel Conjugate Nanoparticles: In vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:7269-7281. [PMID: 34737564 PMCID: PMC8558831 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s331578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Small molecule modified antitumor drug conjugate nanoparticles have the advantages of high drug loading, simple synthesis and preparation, and better biocompatibility. Due to the large demand for exogenous α-linolenic acid (ALA) by tumor cells, we synthesized α-linolenic acid-paclitaxel conjugate (ALA-PTX) and prepared α-linolenic acid-paclitaxel conjugate nanoparticles (ALA-PTX NPs), in order to obtain better tumor cellular uptake and antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Methods We synthesized and characterized ALA-PTX, and then prepared and characterized ALA-PTX NPs. The cellular uptake, uptake pathways, intracellular behavior, in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of ALA-PTX NPs were evaluated. Results The size of ALA-PTX NPs was approximately 110.7±1.7 nm. The drug loading was approximately 90% (w/w) with CrEL-free and organic solvent-free characteristics. The cellular uptake of ALA-PTX NPs was significantly higher than that of PTX injection by MCF-7, MCF-7/ADR and HepG2 cells. In these three cell lines, the cellular uptake of ALA-PTX NPs at 6h was approximately 1.5-2.6 times higher than that of PTX injection. ALA-PTX NPs were ingested through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, then transferred to lysosomes, and could dissolve in cells to play an antitumor activity. The in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of ALA-PTX NPs was confirmed in MCF-7/ADR and HepG2 cell models and tumor-bearing nude mouse models. Conclusion ALA-PTX NPs developed in our study could provide a new method for the preparation of nano-delivery systems suitable for antitumor therapy that could increase tumor cellular uptake and enhance antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Qi Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Li Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ru Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Yue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Han Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Wen Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
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McDaniel J. Regulation of Neutrophil Function by Marine n-3 Fatty Acids-A Mini Review. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:641-648. [PMID: 34047941 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01001-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
While normal functioning neutrophils contribute in various, critical ways to the maintenance of a stable immune system, their hypo- or hyper-activation has been implicated in the onset or exacerbation of multiple inflammatory conditions often affecting the vulnerable, aging population. As such, many would benefit from interventions capable of targeting neutrophils in disease-specific ways without disrupting their primary role in maintaining immune function. After consumption, marine omega-3 fatty acids are rapidly incorporated into the phospholipid bilayer of neutrophils, changing the fatty acid composition and consequently modifying neutrophil function. In addition to eicosanoid synthesis, the mechanisms by which marine n-3 fatty acids and their metabolites alter neutrophil function involve blockage of transcription factors that subsequently reduce pro-inflammatory gene expression by neutrophils and through the disruption of lipid rafts. In the current mini-review, a brief explanation of marine n-3 fatty acid metabolism is provided and the subsequent impact on neutrophil function is discussed. In addition, current evidence of the effects of marine n-3 fatty acid supplementation on neutrophil function from clinical trials conducted in the past 15 years is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- J McDaniel
- The Ohio State University, College of Nursing, 1585 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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