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Xue M, Ma L, Zhang P, Yang H, Wang Z. New insights into non-small cell lung cancer bone metastasis: mechanisms and therapies. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:5747-5763. [PMID: 39494330 PMCID: PMC11528464 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.100960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis is a common cause of death in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with approximately 30-40% of NSCLC patients eventually developing bone metastases. Bone metastasis, especially the occurrence of skeletal-related events (SREs), significantly reduces overall survival (OS) and quality of life (QoL) in patients. Although bone-targeting agents (BTAs) have been shown to reduce SREs and improve QoL in NSCLC patients with bone metastases, the prognosis for these patients remains poor. Understanding the underlying molecular pathways of bone metastasis is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Bone metastasis is a complex, multistep process that involves interactions between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment. The bone microenvironment provides a fertile soil for tumor cells, and crosstalk among various signaling pathways and secreted factors also plays a role in regulating the occurrence and progression of bone metastasis in NSCLC. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the process, regulatory mechanisms, and clinical treatment in NSCLC bone metastasis, with the hope of assisting with clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xue
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Zhang X, Miao J, Song Y, Zhang J, Miao M. Review on effects and mechanisms of plant-derived natural products against breast cancer bone metastasis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37894. [PMID: 39318810 PMCID: PMC11420494 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis is the prevalent form of metastasis in breast cancer, resulting in severe pain, pathological fractures, nerve compression, hypercalcemia, and other complications that significantly impair patients' quality of life. The infiltration and colonization of breast cancer (BC) cells in bone tissue disrupt the delicate balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts within the bone microenvironment, initiating a vicious cycle of bone metastasis. Once bone metastasis occurs, conventional medical therapy with bone-modifying agents is commonly used to alleviate bone-related complications and improve patients' quality of life. However, the utilization of bone-modifying agents may cause severe drug-related adverse effects. Plant-derived natural products such as terpenoids, alkaloids, coumarins, and phenols have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic pharmacological properties with minimal side effects. Certain natural products that exhibit both anti-breast cancer and anti-bone metastasis effects are potential therapeutic agents for breast cancer bone metastasis (BCBM). This article reviewed the effects of plant-derived natural products against BCBM and their mechanisms to provide a reference for the research and development of drugs related to BCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jinxin Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yagang Song
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Mingsan Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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3
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Wu Y, Sun B, Tang Y, Shen A, Lin Y, Zhao X, Li J, Monteiro MJ, Gu W. Bone targeted nano-drug and nano-delivery. Bone Res 2024; 12:51. [PMID: 39231955 PMCID: PMC11375042 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00356-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
There are currently no targeted delivery systems to satisfactorily treat bone-related disorders. Many clinical drugs consisting of small organic molecules have a short circulation half-life and do not effectively reach the diseased tissue site. This coupled with repeatedly high dose usage that leads to severe side effects. With the advance in nanotechnology, drugs contained within a nano-delivery device or drugs aggregated into nanoparticles (nano-drugs) have shown promises in targeted drug delivery. The ability to design nanoparticles to target bone has attracted many researchers to develop new systems for treating bone related diseases and even repurposing current drug therapies. In this review, we shall summarise the latest progress in this area and present a perspective for future development in the field. We will focus on calcium-based nanoparticle systems that modulate calcium metabolism and consequently, the bone microenvironment to inhibit disease progression (including cancer). We shall also review the bone affinity drug family, bisphosphonates, as both a nano-drug and nano-delivery system for bone targeted therapy. The ability to target and release the drug in a controlled manner at the disease site represents a promising safe therapy to treat bone diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Sun
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ying Tang
- Science and Technology Innovation Centre, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aining Shen
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanlin Lin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingui Li
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Co-innovation Centre for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Michael J Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Wenyi Gu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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4
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Liang X, Huang R, Ping X, Deng W, Xiang S, Wang Z, Cao J. Upregulation of CKS2 in immunosuppressive cells is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in prostate cancer: a single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:3996-4009. [PMID: 39262475 PMCID: PMC11385535 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-2100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Metastasis worsens prostate cancer (PCa) prognosis, with the immunosuppressive microenvironment playing a key role in bone metastasis. This study aimed to investigate how an immunosuppressive environment promotes PCa metastasis and worsens prognosis of patients with PCa. Methods Candidate oncogenes were identified through analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A prognostic model was developed for the purpose of identifying target genes. A single-cell RNA sequencing data from GEO database was used to analyze the localization of target genes in the tumor microenvironment. A pan-cancer analysis was conducted to study the cancer-causing potential of target genes across different types of tumors. Results Fifty-one genes were found to be differentially expressed in bone metastasis compared to non-metastatic PCa, with CKS2 identified as the most significant gene associated with poor prognosis. CKS2 was shown to be linked to an immunosuppressive microenvironment and osteoclastic bone metastases, as shown by its negative correlation with immune cell infiltration and osteoblast-related gene expression. Moreover, CKS2 was found in immunosuppressive cells and was linked to bone metastasis in PCa. It was also overexpressed in different types of tumors, making it as an oncogenic gene. Conclusions This research offers a new perspective on the potential utility of CKS2 as a therapeutic target for the prevention of metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Liang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renlun Huang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Ping
- The First Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Deng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songtao Xiang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiadong Cao
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Dawalibi A, Alosaimi AA, Mohammad KS. Balancing the Scales: The Dual Role of Interleukins in Bone Metastatic Microenvironments. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8163. [PMID: 39125732 PMCID: PMC11311339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases, a common and debilitating consequence of advanced cancers, involve a complex interplay between malignant cells and the bone microenvironment. Central to this interaction are interleukins (ILs), a group of cytokines with critical roles in immune modulation and inflammation. This review explores the dualistic nature of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory interleukins in bone metastases, emphasizing their molecular mechanisms, pathological impacts, and therapeutic potential. Pro-inflammatory interleukins, such as IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8, have been identified as key drivers in promoting osteoclastogenesis, tumor proliferation, and angiogenesis. These cytokines create a favorable environment for cancer cell survival and bone degradation, contributing to the progression of metastatic lesions. Conversely, anti-inflammatory interleukins, including IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13, exhibit protective roles by modulating immune responses and inhibiting osteoclast activity. Understanding these opposing effects is crucial for developing targeted therapies aimed at disrupting the pathological processes in bone metastases. Key signaling pathways, including NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and MAPK, mediate the actions of these interleukins, influencing tumor cell survival, immune cell recruitment, and bone remodeling. Targeting these pathways presents promising therapeutic avenues. Current treatment strategies, such as the use of denosumab, tocilizumab, and emerging agents like bimekizumab and ANV419, highlight the potential of interleukin-targeted therapies in mitigating bone metastases. However, challenges such as therapeutic resistance, side effects, and long-term efficacy remain significant hurdles. This review also addresses the potential of interleukins as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, offering insights into patient stratification and personalized treatment approaches. Interleukins have multifaceted roles that depend on the context, including the environment, cell types, and cellular interactions. Despite substantial progress, gaps in research persist, particularly regarding the precise mechanisms by which interleukins influence the bone metastatic niche and their broader clinical implications. While not exhaustive, this overview underscores the critical roles of interleukins in bone metastases and highlights the need for continued research to fully elucidate their complex interactions and therapeutic potential. Addressing these gaps will be essential for advancing our understanding and treatment of bone metastases in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Dawalibi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amal Ahmed Alosaimi
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khalid S. Mohammad
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
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Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Xu C, Wu J. Apoptotic signaling pathways in bone metastatic lung cancer: a comprehensive analysis. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:310. [PMID: 39060849 PMCID: PMC11282049 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of apoptotic signaling pathways in the context of bone metastatic lung cancer, emphasizing the intricate molecular mechanisms and microenvironmental influences. Beginning with an overview of apoptosis in cancer, the paper explores the specific molecular characteristics of bone metastatic lung cancer, highlighting alterations in apoptotic pathways. Focused discussions delve into key apoptotic signaling pathways, including the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, and the roles of critical molecular players such as Bcl-2 family proteins and caspases. Microenvironmental factors, such as the tumor microenvironment, extracellular matrix interactions, and immune cell involvement, are examined in depth. The review also addresses experimental approaches and techniques employed in studying apoptotic signaling, paving the way for a discussion on current therapeutic strategies, their limitations, and future prospects. This synthesis contributes a holistic understanding of apoptosis in bone metastatic lung cancer, offering insights for potential therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiakai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoyang Xu
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junlong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China.
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Sánchez JF, Ramtani S, Boucetta A, Velasco MA, Vaca-González JJ, Duque-Daza CA, Garzón-Alvarado DA. Tumor growth for remodeling process: A 2D approach. J Theor Biol 2024; 585:111781. [PMID: 38432504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This paper aims to present a comprehensive framework for coupling tumor-bone remodeling processes in a 2-dimensional geometry. This is achieved by introducing a bio-inspired damage that represents the growing tumor, which subsequently affects the main populations involved in the remodeling process, namely, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and bone tissue. The model is constructed using a set of differential equations based on the Komarova's and Ayati's models, modified to incorporate the bio-inspired damage that may result in tumor mass formation. Three distinct models were developed. The first two models are based on the Komarova's governing equations, with one demonstrating an osteolytic behavior and the second one an osteoblastic model. The third model is a variation of Ayati's model, where the bio-inspired damage is induced through the paracrine and autocrine parameters, exhibiting an osteolytic behavior. The obtained results are consistent with existing literature, leading us to believe that our in-silico experiments will serve as a cornerstone for paving the way towards targeted interventions and personalized treatment strategies, ultimately improving the quality of life for those affected by these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salah Ramtani
- Laboratoire CSPBAT, equipe LBPS, CNRS (UMR 7244), Universit e Sorbonne Paris Nord, France.
| | - Abdelkader Boucetta
- Laboratoire CSPBAT, equipe LBPS, CNRS (UMR 7244), Universit e Sorbonne Paris Nord, France
| | | | - Juan Jairo Vaca-González
- Escuela de Pregrado - Direccion Académica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede de La Paz, Colombia.
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8
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Elaasser B, Arakil N, Mohammad KS. Bridging the Gap in Understanding Bone Metastasis: A Multifaceted Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2846. [PMID: 38474093 PMCID: PMC10932255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of patients with advanced cancer poses clinical problems due to the complications that arise as the disease progresses. Bone metastases are a common problem that cancer patients may face, and currently, there are no effective drugs to treat these individuals. Prostate, breast, and lung cancers often spread to the bone, causing significant and disabling health conditions. The bone is a highly active and dynamic tissue and is considered a favorable environment for the growth of cancer. The role of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the process of bone remodeling and the way in which their interactions change during the progression of metastasis is critical to understanding the pathophysiology of this disease. These interactions create a self-perpetuating loop that stimulates the growth of metastatic cells in the bone. The metabolic reprogramming of both cancer cells and cells in the bone microenvironment has serious implications for the development and progression of metastasis. Insight into the process of bone remodeling and the systemic elements that regulate this process, as well as the cellular changes that occur during the progression of bone metastases, is critical to the discovery of a cure for this disease. It is crucial to explore different therapeutic options that focus specifically on malignancy in the bone microenvironment in order to effectively treat this disease. This review will focus on the bone remodeling process and the effects of metabolic disorders as well as systemic factors like hormones and cytokines on the development of bone metastases. We will also examine the various therapeutic alternatives available today and the upcoming advances in novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Khalid S. Mohammad
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 1153, Saudi Arabia; (B.E.); (N.A.)
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9
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chen F, Liu J, Yang T, Sun J, He X, Fu X, Qiao S, An J, Yang J. Analysis of intercellular communication in the osteosarcoma microenvironment based on single cell sequencing data. J Bone Oncol 2023; 41:100493. [PMID: 37501717 PMCID: PMC10368934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2023.100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone cancer in children and young adults, patient survival rates have not improved in recent decades. To further understand the interrelationship between different cell types in the tumor microenvironment of osteosarcoma, we comprehensively analyzed single-cell sequencing data from six patients with untreated osteosarcoma. Nine major cell types were identified from a total of 46,046 cells based on unbiased clustering of gene expression profiles and canonical markers. Osteosarcoma from different patients display heterogeneity in cellular composition. Myeloid cells were the most commonly represented cell type, followed by osteoblastic and TILs. Copy number variation (CNV) results identified amplifications and deletions in malignant osteoblastic cells and fibroblasts. Trajectory analysis based on RNA velocity showed that osteoclasts in the OS microenvironment could be differentiated from myeloid cells. Furthermore, we explored the intercellular communications in OS microenvironment and identified multiple ligand-receptor pairs between myeloid cells, osteoblastic cells and their cells, including 21 ligand-receptor pair genes that significantly associated with survival outcomes. Importantly, we found chemotherapy may have an effect on cellular communication in the OS microenvironment by analyzing single-cell sequencing data from seven primary osteosarcoma patients who received chemotherapy. We believe these observations will improve our understanding of potential mechanisms of microenvironment contributions to OS progression and help identify potential targets for new treatment development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianwei He
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinjie Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shigang Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianzhong An
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Antognelli C, Marinucci L, Frosini R, Macchioni L, Talesa VN. Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cells Secrete Methylglyoxal-Derived MG-H1 to Reprogram Human Osteoblasts into a Dedifferentiated, Malignant-like Phenotype: A Possible Novel Player in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910191. [PMID: 34638532 PMCID: PMC8508123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases from prostate cancer (PCa) result from a complex cross-talk between PCa cells and osteoblasts (OB). Thus, targeting this interplay has become an attractive strategy to interfere with PCa bone dissemination. The agents currently used in clinical trials have proved ineffective, boosting research to identify additional mechanisms that may be involved in this two-directional talk. Here, we investigated whether and how 5-hydro-5-methylimidazolone (MG-H1), a specific methylglyoxal (MG)-derived advanced glycation end product (AGE), was a novel player in the dialogue between PCa and OB to drive PCa bone metastases. Conditioned medium from osteotropic PC3 PCa cells, pre-treated or not with a specific MG scavenger, was administrated to human primary OB and cell morphology, mesenchymal trans-differentiation, pro-osteogenic determinants, PCa-specific molecules, and migration/invasion were studied by phase-contrast microscopy, real-time PCR, western blot and specific assays, respectively. We found that PC3 cells were able to release MG-H1 that, by binding to the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) on OB, reprogrammed them into a less-differentiate phenotype, endowed with some PCa-specific molecular features and malignant properties, in a mechanism involving reactive oxidative species (ROS) production and NF-kB pathway activation. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of PCa osteoblastic metastases and foster in vivo research toward new therapeutic strategies interfering with PCa/OB cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Antognelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Bioscience and Medical Embryology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (R.F.); (V.N.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-8354
| | - Lorella Marinucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Bioscience and Medical Embryology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (R.F.); (V.N.T.)
| | - Roberta Frosini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Bioscience and Medical Embryology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (R.F.); (V.N.T.)
| | - Lara Macchioni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Nicola Talesa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Bioscience and Medical Embryology Division, University of Perugia, L. Severi Square, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (R.F.); (V.N.T.)
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