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Fokt I, Cybulski M, Skora S, Pająk B, Ziemniak M, Woźniak K, Zielinski R, Priebe W. d-Glucose- and d-mannose-based antimetabolites. Part 4: Facile synthesis of mono- and di-acetates of 2-deoxy-d-glucose prodrugs as potentially useful antimetabolites. Carbohydr Res 2023; 531:108861. [PMID: 37356236 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), a compound known to interfere with d-glucose and d-mannose metabolism, has been tested as a potential anticancer and antiviral agent. Preclinical and clinical studies focused on 2-DG have highlighted several limitations related to 2-DG drug-like properties, such as poor pharmacokinetic properties. To overcome this problem, we proposed design and synthesis of novel 2-DG prodrugs that subsequently could be tested using a variety of biochemical and molecular methods. We narrowed here our focus to esters of 2-DG as potential prodrugs based on the hypothesis that ubiquitous esterases will regenerate 2-DG, leading to increased circulation time of drug and adequate organ and tumor penetration. Testing this hypothesis in vitro and, especially, in vivo requires significant amounts of respective pure mono- and previously unknown di-acetylated water-soluble derivatives of 2-DG. Development of their efficient and practical method of synthesis was imperative. We describe novel facile and scalable syntheses of seven selectively acetylated water-soluble derivatives of 2-DG and present a detailed 1H and 13C NMR analysis of all final products. X-ray diffraction analysis has been performed for compound WP1122 that was selected for detailed preclinical and subsequent clinical evaluation as potential anticancer or antiviral agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Fokt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marcin Cybulski
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Lukasiewicz-Industrial Chemistry Institute, Rydygiera 8, 01-793, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Skora
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Beata Pająk
- Independent Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Kaczkowski Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Ziemniak
- Department of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Department of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Zielinski
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Le Questel JY. Conformations and Physicochemical Properties of Biological Ligands in Various Environments. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119630. [PMID: 37298581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
An accurate description of the conformational behavior of drug-like molecules is often a prerequisite for a comprehensive understanding of their behavior, in particular in the targeted receptor surroundings [...].
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Pająk B, Zieliński R, Manning JT, Matejin S, Paessler S, Fokt I, Emmett MR, Priebe W. The Antiviral Effects of 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a Dual D-Glucose and D-Mannose Mimetic, against SARS-CoV-2 and Other Highly Pathogenic Viruses. Molecules 2022; 27:5928. [PMID: 36144664 PMCID: PMC9503362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection almost invariably causes metabolic changes in the infected cell and several types of host cells that respond to the infection. Among metabolic changes, the most prominent is the upregulated glycolysis process as the main pathway of glucose utilization. Glycolysis activation is a common mechanism of cell adaptation to several viral infections, including noroviruses, rhinoviruses, influenza virus, Zika virus, cytomegalovirus, coronaviruses and others. Such metabolic changes provide potential targets for therapeutic approaches that could reduce the impact of infection. Glycolysis inhibitors, especially 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), have been intensively studied as antiviral agents. However, 2-DG's poor pharmacokinetic properties limit its wide clinical application. Herein, we discuss the potential of 2-DG and its novel analogs as potent promising antiviral drugs with special emphasis on targeted intracellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Pająk
- Independent Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
- WPD Pharmaceuticals, Zwirki i Wigury 101, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Zieliński
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - John Tyler Manning
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Stanislava Matejin
- Department of Advanced Cardiopulmonary Therapies and Transplantation, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Slobodan Paessler
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Izabela Fokt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Mark R. Emmett
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, USA
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Venkatesh G, Sixto-López Y, Vennila P, Mary YS, Correa-Basurto J, Mary YS, Manikandan A. An investigation on the molecular structure, interaction with metal clusters, anti-Covid-19 ability of 2-deoxy-D-glucose: DFT calculations, MD and docking simulations. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ziemniak M, Pawlędzio S, Zawadzka-Kaźmierczuk A, Dominiak PM, Trzybiński D, Koźmiński W, Zieliński R, Fokt I, Priebe W, Woźniak K, Pająk B. X-ray wavefunction refinement and comprehensive structural studies on bromo-substituted analogues of 2-deoxy-d-glucose in solid state and solution. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8345-8360. [PMID: 35424802 PMCID: PMC8985090 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08312k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural studies on two bromo-substituted derivatives of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), namely 2-deoxy-2-bromo-d-glucose (2-BG) and 2-deoxy-2-bromo-d-mannose (2-BM) are described. 2-DG itself is an inhibitor of hexokinase, the first enzyme in the glycolysis process, playing a vital role in both cancer cell metabolism and viral replication in host cells. Because of that, 2-DG derivatives are considered as potential anti-cancer and anti-viral drugs. An X-ray quantum crystallography approach allowed us to obtain more accurate positions of hydrogen atoms by applying Hirshfeld atom refinement, providing a better description of hydrogen bonding even in the case of data from routine X-ray experiments. Obtained structures showed that the introduction of bromine at the C2 position in the pyranose ring has a minor influence on its conformation but still, it has a noticeable effect on the crystal structure. Bromine imposes the formation of a layered supramolecular landscape containing hydrogen bonds, which involves the bromine atom. Periodic DFT calculations of cohesive and interaction energies (at the B3LYP level of theory) have supported these findings and highlighted energetic changes upon bromine substitution. Based on molecular wavefunction from the refinement, we calculated the electrostatic potential, Laplacian, and ELI-D, and applied them to charge-density studies, which confirmed the geometry of hydrogen bonding and involvement of the bromine atom with these intermolecular interactions. NMR studies in the solution show that both compounds do not display significant differences in their anomeric equilibria compared to 2-DG, and the pyranose ring puckering is similar in both aqueous and solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Ziemniak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Sylwia Pawlędzio
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Anna Zawadzka-Kaźmierczuk
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Paulina M Dominiak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Damian Trzybiński
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Wiktor Koźmiński
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Rafał Zieliński
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center 1901 East Rd. Houston TX 77054 USA
| | - Izabela Fokt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center 1901 East Rd. Houston TX 77054 USA
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center 1901 East Rd. Houston TX 77054 USA
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Beata Pająk
- Independent Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Kaczkowski Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology Kozielska 4 01-163 Warsaw Poland
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