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Lindberg MF, Deau E, Miege F, Greverie M, Roche D, George N, George P, Merlet L, Gavard J, Brugman SJT, Aret E, Tinnemans P, de Gelder R, Sadownik J, Verhofstad E, Sleegers D, Santangelo S, Dairou J, Fernandez-Blanco Á, Dierssen M, Krämer A, Knapp S, Meijer L. Chemical, Biochemical, Cellular, and Physiological Characterization of Leucettinib-21, a Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease Drug Candidate. J Med Chem 2023; 66:15648-15670. [PMID: 38051674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Leucettinibs are substituted 2-aminoimidazolin-4-ones (inspired by the marine sponge natural product Leucettamine B) developed as pharmacological inhibitors of DYRK1A (dual-specificity, tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A), a therapeutic target for indications such as Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. Leucettinib-21 was selected as a drug candidate following extensive structure/activity studies and multiparametric evaluations. We here report its physicochemical properties (X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, stability, solubility, crystal structure) and drug-like profile. Leucettinib-21's selectivity (analyzed by radiometric, fluorescence, interaction, thermal shift, residence time assays) reveals DYRK1A as the first target but also some "off-targets" which may contribute to the drug's biological effects. Leucettinib-21 was cocrystallized with CLK1 and modeled in the DYRK1A structure. Leucettinib-21 inhibits DYRK1A in cells (demonstrated by direct catalytic activity and phosphorylation levels of Thr286-cyclin D1 or Thr212-Tau). Leucettinib-21 corrects memory disorders in the Down syndrome mouse model Ts65Dn and is now entering safety/tolerance phase 1 clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias F Lindberg
- Perharidy Research Center, Perha Pharmaceuticals, 29680 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Emmanuel Deau
- Perharidy Research Center, Perha Pharmaceuticals, 29680 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Frédéric Miege
- Edelris, Bâtiment Bioserra 1, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Marie Greverie
- Perharidy Research Center, Perha Pharmaceuticals, 29680 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Didier Roche
- Edelris, Bâtiment Bioserra 1, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas George
- Oncodesign, 25-27 Avenue du Québec, 91140 Villebon-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pascal George
- Perharidy Research Center, Perha Pharmaceuticals, 29680 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
| | - Laura Merlet
- Team SOAP, CRCI2NA, Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes Cedex 1, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Julie Gavard
- Team SOAP, CRCI2NA, Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes Cedex 1, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest (ICO), Boulevard Professeur Jacques Monod, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France
| | | | - Edwin Aret
- Symeres, Peelterbaan 2, 6002 NK Weert, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Tinnemans
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - René de Gelder
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Sadownik
- Symeres, Peelterbaan 2, 6002 NK Weert, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Julien Dairou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Álvaro Fernandez-Blanco
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von Laue Strasse 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von Laue Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von Laue Strasse 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von Laue Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Laurent Meijer
- Perharidy Research Center, Perha Pharmaceuticals, 29680 Roscoff, Bretagne, France
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Nikhil K, Shah K. CDK5: an oncogene or an anti-oncogene: location location location. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:186. [PMID: 37993880 PMCID: PMC10666462 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have uncovered various physiological functions of CDK5 in many nonneuronal tissues. Upregulation of CDK5 and/or its activator p35 in neurons promotes healthy neuronal functions, but their overexpression in nonneuronal tissues is causally linked to cancer of many origins. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms by which CDK5 recruits diverse tissue-specific substrates to elicit distinct phenotypes in sixteen different human cancers. The emerging theme suggests that CDK5's role as an oncogene or anti-oncogene depends upon its subcellular localization. CDK5 mostly acts as an oncogene, but in gastric cancer, it is a tumor suppressor due to its unique nuclear localization. This indicates that CDK5's access to certain nuclear substrates converts it into an anti-oncogenic kinase. While acting as a bonafide oncogene, CDK5 also activates a few cancer-suppressive pathways in some cancers, presumably due to the mislocalization of nuclear substrates in the cytoplasm. Therefore, directing CDK5 to the nucleus or exporting tumor-suppressive nuclear substrates to the cytoplasm may be promising approaches to combat CDK5-induced oncogenicity, analogous to neurotoxicity triggered by nuclear CDK5. Furthermore, while p35 overexpression is oncogenic, hyperactivation of CDK5 by inducing p25 formation results in apoptosis, which could be exploited to selectively kill cancer cells by dialing up CDK5 activity, instead of inhibiting it. CDK5 thus acts as a molecular rheostat, with different activity levels eliciting distinct functional outcomes. Finally, as CDK5's role is defined by its substrates, targeting them individually or in conjunction with CDK5 should create potentially valuable new clinical opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Nikhil
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Kavita Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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Deau E, Lindberg MF, Miege F, Roche D, George N, George P, Krämer A, Knapp S, Meijer L. Leucettinibs, a Class of DYRK/CLK Kinase Inhibitors Inspired by the Marine Sponge Natural Product Leucettamine B. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10694-10714. [PMID: 37487467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity, tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs) and cdc2-like kinases (CLKs) recently attracted attention due to their central involvement in various pathologies. We here describe a family of DYRK/CLK inhibitors derived from Leucettines and the marine natural product Leucettamine B. Forty-five N2-functionalized 2-aminoimidazolin-4-ones bearing a fused [6 + 5]-heteroarylmethylene were synthesized. Benzothiazol-6-ylmethylene was selected as the most potent residue among 15 different heteroarylmethylenes. 186 N2-substituted 2-aminoimidazolin-4-ones bearing a benzothiazol-6-ylmethylene, collectively named Leucettinibs, were synthesized and extensively characterized. Subnanomolar IC50 (0.5-20 nM on DYRK1A) inhibitors were identified and one Leucettinib was modeled in DYRK1A and co-crystallized with CLK1 and the weaker inhibited off-target CSNK2A1. Kinase-inactive isomers of Leucettinibs (>3-10 μM on DYRK1A), named iso-Leucettinibs, were synthesized and characterized as suitable negative control compounds for functional experiments. Leucettinibs, but not iso-Leucettinibs, inhibit the phosphorylation of DYRK1A substrates in cells. Leucettinibs provide new research tools and potential leads for further optimization toward therapeutic drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Deau
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Perharidy, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | | | - Frédéric Miege
- Edelris, Bâtiment Bioserra 1, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Didier Roche
- Edelris, Bâtiment Bioserra 1, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas George
- Oncodesign, 25-27 Avenue du Québec, 91140 Villebon-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pascal George
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Perharidy, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von Laue Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Max-von Laue Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von Laue Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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4
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Fan M, Shi Y, Zhao J, Li L. Cancer stem cell fate determination: mito-nuclear communication. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:159. [PMID: 37370081 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to be responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, clarification of the mechanisms involved in CSC stemness maintenance and cell fate determination would provide a new strategy for cancer therapy. Unregulated cellular energetics has been accepted as one of the hallmarks of cancer cells, but recent studies have revealed that mitochondrial metabolism can also actively determine CSC fate by affecting nuclear stemness gene expression. Herein, from the perspective of mito-nuclear communication, we review recent progress on the influence of mitochondria on CSC potential from four aspects: metabolism, dynamics, mitochondrial homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yanan, 716000, China
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jumei Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yanan, 716000, China.
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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5
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Yang Y, Fan X, Liu Y, Ye D, Liu C, Yang H, Su Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Function and Inhibition of DYRK1A: emerging roles of treating multiple human diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115521. [PMID: 36990324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase and the most studied member of the Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase (DYRK) family. It has been shown that it participates in the development of plenty of diseases, and both the low or high expression of DYRK1A protein could lead to disorder. Thus, DYRK1A is recognized as a key target for the therapy for these diseases, and the studies on natural or synthetic DYRK1A inhibitors have become more and more popular. Here, we provide a comprehensive review for DYRK1A from the structure and function of DYRK1A, the roles of DYRK1A in various types of diseases, including diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, and kinds of cancers, and the studies of its natural and synthetic inhibitors.
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Chen S, Xiao Z, Jiang W. SOX2 suppresses osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through activating the transcription of LGR4. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:1-9. [PMID: 36547788 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenic differentiation is a crucial process of new bone formation. This study aimed to explore the roles and mechanism of SRY-Box Transcription Factor 2 (SOX2) on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) was used to induce the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The expression of SOX2 was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) at different time points after induction. The SOX2 overexpression plasmids were constructed and transfected into MC3T3-E1 cells. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by Alizarin Red S staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay. The expressions of osteogenic differentiation markers including runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN) were detected by western blot assay. Luciferase reporter and CHIP assays were used to confirm that SOX2 regulated the transcriptional activation of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4). We found that SOX2 was down-regulated upon BMP2-induced osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Overexpression of SOX2 effectively inhibited osteogenic differentiation with decreased ALP activity, calcification, and osteogenic differentiation markers' expression including Runx2, OPN, and OCN. LGR4 was identified as a target of SOX2, and the inhibitory effect of SOX2 on osteogenic differentiation was reversed by knockdown of LGR4. The present study confirmed that SOX2 suppressed osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through targeting LGR4, which possesses a therapeutic strategy for bone formation and generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyu Chen
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, No. 88, Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350004, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Cangshan District, No. 47, Shangteng Road, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350007, People's Republic of China. .,Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for First Aid and Rehabilitation in Orthopaedic Trauma (2020Y2014), Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhanhao Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Cangshan District, No. 47, Shangteng Road, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjin Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Cangshan District, No. 47, Shangteng Road, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350007, People's Republic of China
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Wang M, Shen S, Hou F, Yan Y. Pathophysiological roles of integrins in gliomas from the perspective of glioma stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:962481. [PMID: 36187469 PMCID: PMC9523240 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.962481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary intracranial tumor and is also one of the most malignant central nervous system tumors. Its characteristics, such as high malignancy, abundant tumor vasculature, drug resistance, and recurrence-prone nature, cause great suffering to glioma patients. Furthermore, glioma stem cells are the primordial cells of the glioma and play a central role in the development of glioma. Integrins—heterodimers composed of noncovalently bound a and ß subunits—are highly expressed in glioma stem cells and play an essential role in the self-renewal, differentiation, high drug resistance, and chemo-radiotherapy resistance of glioma stem cells through cell adhesion and signaling. However, there are various types of integrins, and their mechanisms of function on glioma stem cells are complex. Therefore, this article reviews the feasibility of treating gliomas by targeting integrins on glioma stem cells.
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8
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Ao C, Li C, Chen J, Tan J, Zeng L. The role of Cdk5 in neurological disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:951202. [PMID: 35966199 PMCID: PMC9368323 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.951202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are a group of disorders with motor, sensory or cognitive damage, caused by dysfunction of the central or peripheral nervous system. Cyclin-dependent kinases 5 (Cdk5) is of vital significance for the development of the nervous system, including the migration and differentiation of neurons, the formation of synapses, and axon regeneration. However, when the nervous system is subject to pathological stimulation, aberrant activation of Cdk5 will induce abnormal phosphorylation of a variety of substrates, resulting in a cascade signaling pathway, and thus lead to pathological changes. Cdk5 is intimately related to the pathological mechanism of a variety of neurological disorders, such as A-β protein formation in Alzheimer’s disease, mitochondrial fragmentation in cerebral ischemia, and apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease. It is worth noting that Cdk5 inhibitors have been reported to have neuroprotective effects by inhibiting related pathological processes. Therefore, in this review, we will briefly introduce the physiological and pathological mechanisms of Cdk5 in the nervous system, focusing on the recent advances of Cdk5 in neurological disorders and the prospect of targeted Cdk5 for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuncao Ao
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinlun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Model for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liuwang Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Liuwang Zeng
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9
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Targeting protein kinases in cancer stem cells. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:399-412. [PMID: 35607921 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulations of cancer cells within the tumor bulk that have emerged as an attractive therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Accumulating evidence has shown the critical involvement of protein kinase signaling pathways in driving tumor development, cancer relapse, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Given that protein kinases are druggable targets for cancer therapy, tremendous efforts are being made to target CSCs with kinase inhibitors. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge and overview of the roles of protein kinases in various signaling pathways in CSC regulation and drug resistance. Furthermore, we provide an update on the preclinical and clinical studies for the use of kinase inhibitors alone or in combination with current therapies for effective cancer therapy. Despite great premises for the use of kinase inhibitors against CSCs, further investigations are needed to evaluate their efficiencies without any adverse effects on normal stem cells.
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10
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Rammohan M, Harris E, Bhansali RS, Zhao E, Li LS, Crispino JD. The chromosome 21 kinase DYRK1A: emerging roles in cancer biology and potential as a therapeutic target. Oncogene 2022; 41:2003-2011. [PMID: 35220406 PMCID: PMC8977259 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1 A (DYRK1A) is a serine/threonine kinase that belongs to the DYRK family of proteins, a subgroup of the evolutionarily conserved CMGC protein kinase superfamily. Due to its localization on chromosome 21, the biological significance of DYRK1A was initially characterized in the pathogenesis of Down syndrome (DS) and related neurodegenerative diseases. However, increasing evidence has demonstrated a prominent role in cancer through its ability to regulate biologic processes including cell cycle progression, DNA damage repair, transcription, ubiquitination, tyrosine kinase activity, and cancer stem cell maintenance. DYRK1A has been identified as both an oncogene and tumor suppressor in different models, underscoring the importance of cellular context in its function. Here, we review mechanistic contributions of DYRK1A to cancer biology and its role as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malini Rammohan
- Driskill Graduate Program in Life Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ethan Harris
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rahul S Bhansali
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emily Zhao
- Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Loretta S Li
- Molecular and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John D Crispino
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Liu T, Wang Y, Wang J, Ren C, Chen H, Zhang J. DYRK1A inhibitors for disease therapy: Current status and perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 229:114062. [PMID: 34954592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1 A (DYRK1A) is a conserved protein kinase that plays essential roles in various biological processes. It is located in the region q22.2 of chromosome 21, which is involved in the pathogenesis of Down syndrome (DS). Moreover, DYRK1A has been shown to promote the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides leading to gradual Tau hyperphosphorylation, which contributes to neurodegeneration. Additionally, alterations in the DRK1A expression are also associated with cancer and diabetes. Recent years have witnessed an explosive increase in the development of DYRK1A inhibitors. A variety of novel DYRK1A inhibitors have been reported as potential treatments for human diseases. In this review, the latest therapeutic potential of DYRK1A for different diseases and the novel DYRK1A inhibitors discoveries are summarized, guiding future inhibitor development and structural optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Targeted Tracer Research and development laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Institute for Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and development laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Institute for Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Changyu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and development laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Institute for Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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12
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Pradeepkiran JA, Munikumar M, Reddy AP, Reddy PH. Protective effects of a small molecule inhibitor ligand against hyperphosphorylated tau-induced mitochondrial and synaptic toxicities in Alzheimer disease. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:244-261. [PMID: 34432046 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our study is to understand the protective effects of small molecule ligands for phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in Alzheimer's disease (ad) progression. Many reports show evidence that p-tau is reported to be an important contributor to the formation of paired helical filaments (PHFs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in ad neurons. In ad, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β), cyclin-dependent kinase- 5 (CDK5) and dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), are the three important kinases responsible for tau hyperphosphorylation. Currently, there are no drugs and/or small molecules that reduce the toxicity of p-tau in ad. In the present study, we rationally selected and validated small molecule ligands that binds to the phosphorylated tau at SER23 (Ser 285). We also assessed the molecular dynamics and validated molecular docking sites for the three best ligands. Based on the best docking scores -8.09, -7.9 and - 7.8 kcal/mol, we found that ligand 1 binds to key hyperphosphorylation residues of p-tau that inhibit abnormal PHF-tau, DYRK1A, and GKS3β that reduce p-tau levels in ad. Using biochemical, molecular, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy analyses, we studied the ligand 1 inhibition as well as mitochondrial and synaptic protective effects in immortalized primary hippocampal neuronal (HT22) cells. We found interactions between NAT10-262501 (ligand 1) and p-tau at key phosphorylation sites and these ligand-based inhibitions decreased PHF-tau, DYRK1A and GSK3β levels. We also found increased mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial fusion and synaptic activities and reduced mitochondrial fission in ligand 1-treated mutant tau HT22 cells. Based on these results, we cautiously conclude that p-tau NAT10-262501 (ligand 1) reduces hyperphosphorylation of tau based GKS3β and CDK5 kinase regulation in ad, and aids in the maintenance of neuronal structure, mitochondrial dynamics, and biogenesis with a possible therapeutic drug target for ad.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manne Munikumar
- Clinical Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana-500007, India
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock TX 79409, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.,Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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