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Suner SS, Bhethanabotla VR, Ayyala RS, Sahiner N. Rapid Pathogen Purge by Photosensitive Arginine-Riboflavin Carbon Dots without Toxicity. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6512. [PMID: 37834647 PMCID: PMC10573186 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Photo-activatable antipathogenic carbon dots (CDs) were prepared by carbonization of citric acid and arginine (Arg) via 3 min microwave treatment for use in the eradication of common microorganisms. Nitrogen-doped Arg CDs were spherical in shape with a size range of 0.5 to 5 nm. The Arg CDs were modified with fluorescent dyes, such as fluorescein sodium salt (FSS, as Arg-FSS) and riboflavin (RBF, as Arg-RBF), to improve antimicrobial potency by enhancing their application in photodynamic therapy. The modified Arg CDs afforded fluorescence emission properties at 520 nm in the green region in addition to excellent blue fluorescence intensity at 420 nm under 345 nm excitation upon their FSS and RBF conjugation, respectively. Although the cytotoxicity of Arg CDs was decreased for Arg-RBF CDs to 91.2 ± 0.7% cell viability for fibroblasts, the Arg-based CDs could be safely used for intravenous applications at 1000 μg/mL concentration. The Arg CDs showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against common pathogens and the minimum inhibitory concentration of Arg CDs was almost two-fold decreased for the modified forms without UV light. However, faster and more effective antibacterial activity was determined for photosensitive Arg-RBF CDs, with total bacterial eradication upon UV-A light exposure for 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin S. Suner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & Arts, and Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC), Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, Turkey;
| | - Venkat R. Bhethanabotla
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
| | - Ramesh S. Ayyala
- Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Eye Institute,12901 Bruce B Down Blvd, MDC 21, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Nurettin Sahiner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & Arts, and Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC), Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, Turkey;
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Eye Institute,12901 Bruce B Down Blvd, MDC 21, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
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Sainz-Urruela C, Vera-López S, Díez-Pascual AM, San Andrés MP. Fluorescence study of the influence of centrifugation on graphene oxide dispersions in water and in tannic acid. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 278:121302. [PMID: 35525181 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is acquiring a great interest in biomedicine, biotechnology and biochemistry due to its unique properties. However, GO layers are boundbyvan der Waals forces, which results in aggregation. An efficient dispersion of the aggregated nanostructures is crucial from an application viewpoint, hence eco-friendly procedures are pursued. In this work, the potential of tannic acid (TA) as a GO dispersant in water has been investigated for the first time. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) was used to visualize the degree of GO exfoliation in the dispersions. To further assess TA dispersant capability, a fluorescent biomolecule, riboflavin, has been selected. GO and TA cause a quenching effect on riboflavin fluorescence, which depends on the GO and TA concentration, the GO/TA weight ratio and the final centrifugation step that was found to be crucial. Multiple regression analysis has been used to determine the quenching constants for TA and GO simultaneously. The GO-riboflavin interaction weakens upon centrifugation. This step, traditionally used to remove the nanomaterial aggregates, should be avoided to obtain a high GO concentration in the dispersions. This study paves the way towards the use of environmentally friendly dispersant agents instead of conventional organic solvents or synthetic surfactants to attain high-quality dispersions of carbon nanomaterials in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Sainz-Urruela
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad Vera-López
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana María Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Paz San Andrés
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MrGO) nanocomposites as Nano carries for loading and transferring of 10-hydroxycamptothecin. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Díez-Pascual AM. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147726. [PMID: 34299346 PMCID: PMC8307333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España (Spain)
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