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Megha M, Mohan CC, Joy A, Unnikrishnan G, Thomas J, Haris M, Bhatt SG, Kolanthai E, Senthilkumar M. Vanadium and strontium co-doped hydroxyapatite enriched polycaprolactone matrices for effective bone tissue engineering: A synergistic approach. Int J Pharm 2024; 659:124266. [PMID: 38788971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Scientific research targeted at enhancing scaffold qualities has increased significantly during the last few decades. This emphasis frequently centres on adding different functions to scaffolds in order to increase their usefulness as instruments in the field of regenerative medicine. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of a multifunctional sustainable polymer scaffold, specifically Polycaprolactone (PCL) embedded with hydroxyapatite co-doped with vanadium and strontium (HVS), for bone tissue engineering applications. Polycaprolactone was used to fabricate the scaffold, while hydroxyapatite co-doped with vanadium and strontium (HVS) served as the nanofiller. A thorough investigation of the physicochemical and biological characteristics of the HVS nanofiller was carried out using cutting-edge techniques including Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and in vitro cell studies. A cell viability rate of more than 70 % demonstrated that the synthesised nanofiller was cytotoxic, but in an acceptable range. The mechanical, biological, and physicochemical properties of the scaffold were extensively evaluated after the nanofiller was integrated. The water absorption characteristics of scaffold were enhanced by the addition of HVS nanofillers, leading to increased swelling, porosity, and hydrophilicity. These improvements speed up the flow of nutrients and the infiltration of cells into the scaffold. The scaffold has been shown to have important properties that stimulate bone cell activity, including better biodegradability and improved mechanical strength, which increased from 5.30 ± 0.37 to 10.58 ± 0.42 MPa. Further, its considerable antimicrobial qualities, blood-compatible nature, and capacity to promote biomineralization strengthen its appropriateness for usage in biomedical applications. Mainly, enhanced Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red Staining (ARS) activity, and excellent cell adhesive properties, indicating the outstanding osteogenic potential observed in rat bone marrow-derived stromal cells (rBMSC). These combined attributes highlight the pivotal role of these nanocomposite scaffolds in the field of bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Megha
- Department of Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chandni C Mohan
- Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Anjumol Joy
- Department of Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India; College of Arts and Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gayathri Unnikrishnan
- Department of Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - Jibu Thomas
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - M Haris
- Department of Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sarita G Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India; Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Elayaraja Kolanthai
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Centre, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
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Ball JR, Shelby T, Hernandez F, Mayfield CK, Lieberman JR. Delivery of Growth Factors to Enhance Bone Repair. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1252. [PMID: 38002376 PMCID: PMC10669014 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of critical-sized bone defects caused by nonunion, trauma, infection, malignancy, pseudoarthrosis, and osteolysis poses complex reconstruction challenges for orthopedic surgeons. Current treatment modalities, including autograft, allograft, and distraction osteogenesis, are insufficient for the diverse range of pathology encountered in clinical practice, with significant complications associated with each. Therefore, there is significant interest in the development of delivery vehicles for growth factors to aid in bone repair in these settings. This article reviews innovative strategies for the management of critical-sized bone loss, including novel scaffolds designed for controlled release of rhBMP, bioengineered extracellular vesicles for delivery of intracellular signaling molecules, and advances in regional gene therapy for sustained signaling strategies. Improvement in the delivery of growth factors to areas of significant bone loss has the potential to revolutionize current treatment for this complex clinical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R. Ball
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, 1500 San Pablo St., Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Li Y, Zhao D, Wang Z, Meng Y, Liu B, Li L, Liu R, Dong S, Wei F. Minimally invasive bone augmentation through subperiosteal injectable hydroxylapatite/laponite/alginate nanocomposite hydrogels. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123232. [PMID: 36681217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Bone augmentation has an enormous demand in oral clinical treatment. Although there are various options available for clinical management to address it, these approaches could increase patient suffering due to surgical trauma and even cause psychological trauma to the patients. Moreover, presently, there is still a lack of well-considered microinvasive bone augmentation systems to deal with this challenge. Herein, we newly developed a subperiosteal injectable and osteogenesis-promoting hydroxylapatite/laponite/alginate nanocomposite hydrogels to address the insufficient microinvasive bone augmentation strategies. The physical performances (like swelling profiles, degradation behaviors, mechanical properties, and surface morphologies) of the gels were determined, and can be slightly tuned through altering concentrations of laponite. The cytocompatibility test results show outstanding biocompatibility of the hydrogels. Furthermore, the in vitro testing for bone-inducing activity and in vivo determination of bone-augmentation in the rat cranial subperiosteum exhibit that the hydrogels significantly promoted rat periosteum-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (P-MSCs) osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone augmentation in vivo. Therefore, the research reveals that the nanocomposite hydrogels possessing subperiosteal microinvasive injectability, osteogenesis-enhancing capability, and clinical applicability have extremely great potential application in subperiosteal microinvasive bone augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; Department of Medical Administration, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Delu Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyao Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yiling Meng
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Bohui Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Sichen Dong
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fulan Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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Gong Y, Bu Y, Li Y, Hao D, He B, Kong L, Huang W, Gao X, Zhang B, Qu Z, Wang D, Yan L. Hydrogel-based delivery system applied in the local anti-osteoporotic bone defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1058300. [PMID: 36440439 PMCID: PMC9691673 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1058300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an age-related systemic skeletal disease leading to bone mass loss and microarchitectural deterioration. It affects a large number of patients, thereby economically burdening healthcare systems worldwide. The low bioavailability and complications, associated with systemic drug consumption, limit the efficacy of anti-osteoporosis drugs currently available. Thus, a combination of therapies, including local treatment and systemic intervention, may be more beneficial over a singular pharmacological treatment. Hydrogels are attractive materials as fillers for bone injuries with irregular shapes and as carriers for local therapeutic treatments. They exhibit low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and biodegradability, and some with excellent mechanical and swelling properties, and a controlled degradation rate. This review reports the advantages of hydrogels for adjuvants loading, including nature-based, synthetic, and composite hydrogels. In addition, we discuss functional adjuvants loaded with hydrogels, primarily focusing on drugs and cells that inhibit osteoclast and promote osteoblast. Selecting appropriate hydrogels and adjuvants is the key to successful treatment. We hope this review serves as a reference for subsequent research and clinical application of hydrogel-based delivery systems in osteoporosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Gong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yazhong Bu
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongliang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lingbo Kong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wangli Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiangcheng Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zechao Qu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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5
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Tao H, Tao Y, Yang C, Li W, Zhang W, Li X, Gu Y, Hong Y, Yang H, Liu Y, Yang X, Geng D. Gut Metabolite Urolithin A Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Senile Osteoporosis by Enhancing the Autophagy Capacity of Bone Marrow Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875611. [PMID: 35645801 PMCID: PMC9135380 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is a systemic bone disease that is significantly associated with age and eventually leads to deteriorated bone strength and increased fracture risk. Urolithin A (Uro-A) is a gut microbiome-derived compound that is mainly produced from pomegranates and some nuts. Uro-A has attracted great attention in recent years in view of its protective effects on aging-related diseases, including muscle dysfunction, kidney disease and knee injury. However, its protective influence and possible mechanisms in senile osteoporosis remain unclear. Our study describes the beneficial effect of Uro-A on bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). The in vitro results demonstrated that Uro-A inhibited receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in BMMs in a concentration-dependent manner. Uro-A significantly reduced the expression of osteoclast-related genes and bone resorption. Mechanistically, we found that the autophagy ability of BMMs was significantly enhanced in the early stage of Uro-A treatment, accompanied by the activation of LC3 and Beclin 1. At the same time, this enhanced autophagy activity was maintained until the later stage after stimulation with RANKL. Furthermore, we found that the MARK signaling pathway was blocked by Uro-A treatment. In a mouse model of aging, Uro-A effectively inhibited bone loss in the proximal femur, spine and tibia of aging mice. These results indicated that Uro-A is a robust and effective treatment for preventing senile osteoporosis bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- Anesthesiology Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital (North District), Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu, China
| | - Yujing Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital (North District), Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu, China
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6
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Mo Q, Zhang W, Zhu A, Backman LJ, Chen J. Regulation of osteogenic differentiation by the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α: current conclusions and controversies. Hum Cell 2022; 35:957-971. [PMID: 35522425 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of complex bone fracture diseases is still a complicated problem that is urged to be solved in orthopedics. In bone tissue engineering, the use of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) for tissue repair brings hope to the medical field of bone diseases. MSCs can differentiate into osteoblasts and promote bone regeneration. An increasing number of studies show that the inflammatory microenvironment affects the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. It is shown that TNF-α and IL-1β play different roles in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs via different signal pathways. The main factors that affect the role of TNF-α and IL-1β in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs include concentration and the source of stem cells (different species and different tissues). This review in-depth analyzes the roles of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and reveals some current controversies to provide a reference of comprehensively understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Mo
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Aijing Zhu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ludvig J Backman
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jialin Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
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7
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Myat-Htun M, Mohd Noor AF, Kawashita M, Baba Ismail YM. Tailoring mechanical and in vitro biological properties of calcium‒silicate based bioceramic through iron doping in developing future material. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 128:105122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Educating EVs to Improve Bone Regeneration: Getting Closer to the Clinic. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031865. [PMID: 35163787 PMCID: PMC8836395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of bone-related disorders is continuously growing as the aging of the population in developing countries continues to increase. Although therapeutic interventions for bone regeneration exist, their effectiveness is questioned, especially under certain circumstances, such as critical size defects. This gap of curative options has led to the search for new and more effective therapeutic approaches for bone regeneration; among them, the possibility of using extracellular vesicles (EVs) is gaining ground. EVs are secreted, biocompatible, nano-sized vesicles that play a pivotal role as messengers between donor and target cells, mediated by their specific cargo. Evidence shows that bone-relevant cells secrete osteoanabolic EVs, whose functionality can be further improved by several strategies. This, together with the low immunogenicity of EVs and their storage advantages, make them attractive candidates for clinical prospects in bone regeneration. However, before EVs reach clinical translation, a number of concerns should be addressed. Unraveling the EVs’ mode of action in bone regeneration is one of them; the molecular mediators driving their osteoanabolic effects in acceptor cells are now beginning to be uncovered. Increasing the functional and bone targeting abilities of EVs are also matters of intense research. Here, we summarize the cell sources offering osteoanabolic EVs, and the current knowledge about the molecular cargos that mediate bone regeneration. Moreover, we discuss strategies under development to improve the osteoanabolic and bone-targeting potential of EVs.
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Cao S, Li Q, Zhang S, Liu K, Yang Y, Chen J. Oxidized bacterial cellulose reinforced nanocomposite scaffolds for bone repair. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 211:112316. [PMID: 35026542 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering has been widely used in promoting the repair and regeneration of bone defects. Tissue-engineered bone scaffolds can simulate the extracellular matrix environment and induce the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. The first issues to be considered when constructing bone repair scaffolds include biocompatibility, stress resistance, degradability and stability. Here, a low-cost manufacturing introduces a new bone repair composite scaffold (CS/OBC/nHAP). The scaffolds were composed of only natural derived components, including nano hydroxyapatite (nHAP) formed by in-situ crystallization of Ca2+/PO42- solution and evenly dispersed in oxidized bacterial cellulose (OBC) and chitosan (CS) scaffolds. The experimental results showed that compared with CS/nHAP scaffold, CS/OBC/nHAP scaffold has significantly improve mechanical properties and water retention performance, and has a more stable degradation rate. Cell experiments showed that the CS/OBC/nHAP scaffold has good biocompatibility and significantly promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The rat skull defect model further proves that the CS/OBC/nHAP scaffold could induce the formation of bone tissue. Meanwhile, H&E staining experiment show that the CS/OBC/nHAP scaffold has good stability in vivo and could better promote the formation of bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Qiujing Li
- Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264299, China
| | - Shukun Zhang
- Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264299, China
| | - Kaihua Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jingdi Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
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Stem Cells and Their Derivatives-Implications for Alveolar Bone Regeneration: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111746. [PMID: 34769175 PMCID: PMC8583713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral and craniofacial bone defects caused by congenital disease or trauma are widespread. In the case of severe alveolar bone defect, autologous bone grafting has been considered a “gold standard”; however, the procedure has several disadvantages, including limited supply, resorption, donor site morbidity, deformity, infection, and bone graft rejection. In the last few decades, bone tissue engineering combined with stem cell-based therapy may represent a possible alternative to current bone augmentation techniques. The number of studies investigating different cell-based bone tissue engineering methods to reconstruct alveolar bone damage is rapidly rising. As an interdisciplinary field, bone tissue engineering combines the use of osteogenic cells (stem cells/progenitor cells), bioactive molecules, and biocompatible scaffolds, whereas stem cells play a pivotal role. Therefore, our work highlights the osteogenic potential of various dental tissue-derived stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the progress in differentiation techniques of iPSCs into osteoprogenitor cells, and the efforts that have been made to fabricate the most suitable and biocompatible scaffold material with osteoinductive properties for successful bone graft generation. Moreover, we discuss the application of stem cell-derived exosomes as a compelling new form of “stem-cell free” therapy.
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Zhang S, Xie D, Zhang Q. Mesenchymal stem cells plus bone repair materials as a therapeutic strategy for abnormal bone metabolism: Evidence of clinical efficacy and mechanisms of action implied. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105851. [PMID: 34450314 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The regeneration process of human bones is very complicated, the management and treatment of bone damage caused by diseases are the main problems faced by clinicians worldwide. It is known that cell-based stem cell therapy together with biomaterials is a fast-developing method of tissue regeneration. This review focuses on the different types and main characteristics of scaffolds and stem cells suitable for bone regeneration, and aims to provide a state-of-the-art description of the current treatment of common bone metabolism related diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and osteosarcoma and the strategies based on stem cell biological scaffolds used in bone tissue engineering. This method may provide a new treatment option for the treatment of common bone metabolism-related diseases that cannot be cured by ordinary and routine applications. Three databases (PubMed, CNKI and Web of Science) search terms used to write this review are: "arthritis", "osteoporosis", "osteosarcoma", "bone tissue engineering", "mesenchymal stem cells", "materials", "bioactive scaffolds" and their combinations, and the most relevant studies are selected. As a conclusion, it needs to be emphasized that despite the encouraging results, further development is needed due to the need for more in-depth research, standardization of stem cell manufacturing processes, large-scale development of clinical methods for bone tissue engineering, and market regulatory approval. Although the research and application of tissue regeneration technology and stem cells are still in their infancy, the application prospect is broad and it is expected to solve the current clinical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Zhang
- Office of Clinical Trial of Drug, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
| | - Denghui Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Qun Zhang
- Office of Clinical Trial of Drug, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 West Zhongshan Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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