Divalent Metal Transporter 1 Knock-Down Modulates IL-1β Mediated Pancreatic Beta-Cell Pro-Apoptotic Signaling Pathways through the Autophagic Machinery

Immunologic cell deaths: involvement in the pathogenesis and intervention therapy of periodontitis

Periodontitis is one of the most common diseases and primary causes of tooth loss. The main factor that causes periodontitis is an overactive host immunological response. An in-depth investigation into the molecular pathways that cause periodontitis can aid in creating novel therapeutic approaches for periodontitis and its related systemic disorders. Several immunologic cell death (ICD) pathways have been implicated in advancing periodontitis. Nevertheless, there is still a substantial lack of understanding surrounding the precise molecular mechanisms of ICD in periodontitis. Additionally, the beneficial feature of ICD in periodontitis, which involves its ability to eliminate pathogens, needs further confirmation. According to this, a comprehensive literature search utilizing the Web of Science™, PubMed®, and Scopus® databases was conducted. Only items published in the English language up until October 2024 were taken into account, and finally, 65 relevant papers were selected to be included in this review. In this article, we present a comprehensive analysis of the processes and outcomes of ICD activation in the progression of periodontitis. Lastly, the present difficulties linked to ICDs as a viable treatment option for periodontitis are emphasized.

The role of lysosomal membrane proteins in autophagy and related diseases

As a self-degrading and highly conserved survival mechanism, autophagy plays an important role in maintaining cell survival and recycling. The discovery of autophagy-related (ATG) genes has revolutionized our understanding of autophagy. Lysosomal membrane proteins (LMPs) are important executors of lysosomal function, and increasing evidence has demonstrated their role in the induction and regulation of autophagy. In addition, the functional dysregulation of the process mediated by LMPs at all stages of autophagy is closely related to neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Here, we review the role of LMPs in autophagy, focusing on their roles in vesicle nucleation, vesicle elongation and completion, the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, and degradation, as well as their broad association with related diseases.

Pyroptosisin periodontitis: From the intricate interaction with apoptosis, NETosis, and necroptosis to the therapeutic prospects

Periodontitis is highly prevalent worldwide. It is characterized by periodontal attachment and alveolar bone destruction, which not only leads to tooth loss but also results in the exacerbation of systematic diseases. As such, periodontitis has a significant negative impact on the daily lives of patients. Detailed exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the physiopathology of periodontitis may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for periodontitis and the associated systematic diseases. Pyroptosis, as one of the inflammatory programmed cell death pathways, is implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Progress in the field of pyroptosis has greatly enhanced our understanding of its role in inflammatory diseases. This review first summarizes the mechanisms underlying the activation of pyroptosis in periodontitis and the pathological role of pyroptosis in the progression of periodontitis. Then, the crosstalk between pyroptosis with apoptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis in periodontitis is discussed. Moreover, pyroptosis, as a novel link that connects periodontitis with systemic disease, is also reviewed. Finally, the current challenges associated with pyroptosis as a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis are highlighted.