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Wang M, Xie Z, Yan K, Qiao C, Yan S, Wu G. Identification of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in a mouse model of early fracture. Front Genet 2024; 15:1408404. [PMID: 38919952 PMCID: PMC11196604 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1408404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Fracture healing is a complex process that involves multiple molecular events, and the regulation mechanism is not fully understood. We acquired miRNA and mRNA transcriptomes of mouse fractures from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE76197 and GSE192542) and integrated the miRNAs and genes that were differentially expressed in the control and fracture groups to construct regulatory networks. There were 130 differentially expressed miRNAs and 4,819 differentially expressed genes, including 72 upregulated and 58 downregulated miRNAs, along with 2,855 upregulated and 1964 downregulated genes during early fracture healing. Gene ontology analysis revealed that most of the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure and the ECM organization. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment suggested cell cycle, DNA replication, and mismatch repair were involved in the progression of fracture healing. Furthermore, we constructed a molecular network of miRNAs and mRNAs with inverse expression patterns to elucidate the molecular basis of miRNA-mRNA regulation in fractures. The regulatory network highlighted the potential targets, which may help to provide a mechanistic basis for therapies to improve fracture patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maochun Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Guoping Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Ren Y, Zhang S, Weeks J, Rangel-Moreno J, He B, Xue T, Rainbolt J, Morita Y, Shu Y, Liu Y, Kates SL, Schwarz EM, Xie C. Reduced angiogenesis and delayed endochondral ossification in CD163 -/- mice highlights a role of M2 macrophages during bone fracture repair. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:2384-2393. [PMID: 36970754 PMCID: PMC10522791 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
While recent studies showed that macrophages are critical for bone fracture healing, and lack of M2 macrophages have been implicated in models of delayed union, functional roles for specific M2 receptors have yet to be defined. Moreover, the M2 scavenger receptor CD163 has been identified as a target to inhibit sepsis following implant-associated osteomyelitis, but potential adverse effects on bone healing during blockage therapy have yet to be explored. Thus, we investigated fracture healing in C57BL/6 versus CD163-/- mice using a well-established closed, stabilized, mid-diaphyseal femur fracture model. While gross fracture healing in CD163-/- mice was similar to that of C57BL/6, plain radiographs revealed persistent fracture gaps in the mutant mice on Day 14, which resolved by Day 21. Consistently, 3D vascular micro-CT demonstrated delayed union on Day 21, with reduced bone volume (74%, 61%, and 49%) and vasculature (40%, 40%, and 18%) compared to C57BL/6 on Days 10, 14, and 21 postfracture, respectively (p < 0.01). Histology confirmed large amounts of persistent cartilage in CD163-/- versus C57BL/6 fracture callus on Days 7 and 10 that resolves over time, and immunohistochemistry demonstrated deficiencies in CD206+ M2 macrophages. Torsion testing of the fractures confirmed the delayed early union in CD163-/- femurs, which display decreased yield torque on Day 21, and a decreased rigidity with a commensurate increase in rotation at yield on Day 28 (p < 0.01). Collectively, these results demonstrate that CD163 is required for normal angiogenesis, callus formation, and bone remodeling during fracture healing, and raise potential concerns about CD163 blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youliang Ren
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jason Weeks
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Bin He
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Xue
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Rainbolt
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yugo Morita
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ye Shu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yuting Liu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Stephen L. Kates
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Edward M. Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Chao Xie
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Liu W, Chen W, Hu M, Wang G, Hu Y, He Q, Xu Y, Tan J, Wang H, Huo L. Bioinformatics analysis combined with molecular dynamics simulation validation to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of Jianshen Decoction for treatment of osteoporotic fracture. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33610. [PMID: 37083798 PMCID: PMC10118375 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporotic fracture (OPF) is a prevalent skeletal disease in the middle-aged and elderly. In clinical practice, Jianshen Decoction (JSD) has been used to treat OPFs. However, the specific effective components and mechanisms of JSD on OPF have not been explored. Therefore, this study used bioinformatics analysis combined with molecular dynamics simulation validation to explore the molecular mechanism of JSD treatment of OPF. Public databases (TCMSP, Batman TCM) were used to find the effective active components and corresponding target proteins of JSD (screening conditions: OB ≥ 30%, drug-likeness ≥ 0.18, half-life ≥ 4). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to OPF lesions were obtained based on the gene expression omnibus database (screening conditions: adjust P value < .01, | log2 FC | ≥ 1.0). The BisoGenet plug-in and the CytoNCA plug-in of Cytoscape were used to derive the potential core target proteins of JSD in the treatment of OPF. The JSD active ingredient target interaction network and the JSD-OPF target protein core network were constructed using the Cytoscape software. In addition, the R language Bioconductor package and clusterProfiler package were used to perform gene ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encylopedia Of Genes And Genome (KEGG) enrichment analysis on core genes to explain the biological functions and signal pathways of core proteins. Finally, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were carried out through PyMOL, AutoDockTools 1.5.6, Vina, LeDock, Discovery Studio (DS) 2019, and other software to verify the binding ability of drug active ingredients and core target proteins. A total of 245 targets and 70 active components were identified. Through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, 39 core targets were selected for further research. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DNA-binding transcription factor binding, RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding, MAPK signaling pathway, and ErbB signaling pathway were mainly involved. The results of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations supported the good interaction between MYC protein and Quercetin/Stigmasterol. In this study, bioinformatics, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations were used for the first time to clarify the active components, molecular targets, and key biological pathways of JSD in the treatment of OPF, providing a theoretical basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinian Liu
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijian Chen
- The Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Hu
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangwei Wang
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Third Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanhao Hu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi He
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yidong Xu
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital’s Nanhai Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liwei Huo
- Guangzhou Orthopedic Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Hua Z, Dai S, Li S, Wang J, Peng H, Rong Y, Yu H, Liu M. Deciphering the protective effect of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction on osteoporotic fracture through network pharmacology and experimental validation. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:86. [PMID: 36737821 PMCID: PMC9898002 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporotic fracture (OPF) is one of the most common skeletal diseases in an aging society. The Chinese medicine formula Buzhong Yiqi Decoction (BZYQD) is commonly used for treating OPF. However, the essential bioactive compounds and the underlying molecular mechanisms that promote fracture repair remain unclear. METHODS We used network pharmacology and experimental animal validation to address this issue. First, 147 bioactive BZYQD compounds and 32 target genes for treating OPF were screened and assessed. A BZYQD-bioactive compound-target gene-disease network was constructed using the Cytoscape software. Functional enrichment showed that the candidate target genes were enriched in oxidative stress- and inflammation-related biological processes and multiple pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Furthermore, an OPF rat model was established and treated with BZYQD. RESULTS The results revealed that BZYQD ameliorated OPF characteristics, including femoral microarchitecture, biomechanical properties, and histopathological changes, in a dose-dependent manner. Results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that BZYQD reduced the serum's pro-inflammatory cytokines [Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6] and improved oxidative stress-related factors [glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)]. BZYQD significantly decreased the protein expression of NF-κB in OPF rat femurs, suppressed NF-κB activation, and activated the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and p38 MAPK as well ERK pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that BZYQD could improve inflammation and oxidative stress during fracture repair by suppressing NF-κB and activating Nrf2/MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Shijie Dai
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Shaoshuo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Hongcheng Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Yi Rong
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 41 Hailian East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Li MCM, Chow SKH, Wong RMY, Chen B, Cheng JCY, Qin L, Cheung WH. Osteocyte-specific dentin matrix protein 1 : the role of mineralization regulation in low-magnitude high-frequency vibration enhanced osteoporotic fracture healing. Bone Joint Res 2022; 11:465-476. [PMID: 35787000 PMCID: PMC9350691 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.117.bjr-2021-0476.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims There is an increasing concern of osteoporotic fractures in the ageing population. Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) was shown to significantly enhance osteoporotic fracture healing through alteration of osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network (LCN). Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) in osteocytes is known to be responsible for maintaining the LCN and mineralization. This study aimed to investigate the role of osteocyte-specific DMP1 during osteoporotic fracture healing augmented by LMHFV. Methods A metaphyseal fracture was created in the distal femur of ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were randomized to five different groups: 1) DMP1 knockdown (KD), 2) DMP1 KD + vibration (VT), 3) Scramble + VT, 4) VT, and 5) control (CT), where KD was performed by injection of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into marrow cavity; vibration treatment was conducted at 35 Hz, 0.3 g; 20 minutes/day, five days/week). Assessments included radiography, micro-CT, dynamic histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry on DMP1, sclerostin, E11, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). In vitro, murine long bone osteocyte-Y4 (MLO-Y4) osteocyte-like cells were randomized as in vivo groupings. DMP1 KD was performed by transfecting cells with shRNA plasmid. Assessments included immunocytochemistry on osteocyte-specific markers as above, and mineralized nodule staining. Results Healing capacities in DMP1 KD groups were impaired. Results showed that DMP1 KD significantly abolished vibration-enhanced fracture healing at week 6. DMP1 KD significantly altered the expression of osteocyte-specific markers. The lower mineralization rate in DMP1 KD groups indicated that DMP1 knockdown was associated with poor fracture healing process. Conclusion The blockage of DMP1 would impair healing outcomes and negate LMHFV-induced enhancement on fracture healing. These findings reveal the importance of DMP1 in response to the mechanical signal during osteoporotic fracture healing. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(7):465–476.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng C M Li
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon K-H Chow
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald M Y Wong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bailing Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jack C Y Cheng
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Hoi Cheung
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Lampiasi N. Macrophage Polarization: Learning to Manage It. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137208. [PMID: 35806211 PMCID: PMC9266891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Lampiasi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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Influence of 40 Hz and 100 Hz Vibration on SH-SY5Y Cells Growth and Differentiation-A Preliminary Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103337. [PMID: 35630814 PMCID: PMC9143216 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: A novel bioreactor platform of neuronal cell cultures using low-magnitude, low-frequency (LMLF) vibrational stimulation was designed to discover vibration influence and mimic the dynamic environment of the in vivo state. To better understand the impact of 40 Hz and 100 Hz vibration on cell differentiation, we join biotechnology and advanced medical technology to design the nano-vibration system. The influence of vibration on the development of nervous tissue on the selected cell line SH-SY5Y (experimental research model in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s) was investigated. (2) Methods: The vibration stimulation of cell differentiation and elongation of their neuritis were monitored. We measured how vibrations affect the morphology and differentiation of nerve cells in vitro. (3) Results: The highest average length of neurites was observed in response to the 40 Hz vibration on the collagen surface in the differentiating medium, but cells response did not increase with vibration frequency. Also, vibrations at a frequency of 40 Hz or 100 Hz did not affect the average density of neurites. 100 Hz vibration increased the neurites density significantly with time for cultures on collagen and non-collagen surfaces. The exposure of neuronal cells to 40 Hz and 100 Hz vibration enhanced cell differentiation. The 40 Hz vibration has the best impact on neuronal-like cell growth and differentiation. (4) Conclusions: The data demonstrated that exposure to neuronal cells to 40 Hz and 100 Hz vibration enhanced cell differentiation and proliferation. This positive impact of vibration can be used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It is planned to optimize the processes and study its molecular mechanisms concerning carrying out the research.
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Campos MS, Volpon JB, Ximenez JPB, Franttini AP, Dalloul CE, Sousa-Neto MD, Silva RA, Kacena MA, Zamarioli A. Vibration therapy as an effective approach to improve bone healing in diabetic rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:909317. [PMID: 36060973 PMCID: PMC9437439 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.909317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of vibration therapy on fracture healing in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. METHODS 148 rats underwent fracture surgery and were assigned to four groups: (1) SHAM: weight-matched non-diabetic rats, (2) SHAM+VT: non-diabetic rats treated with vibration therapy (VT), (3) DM: diabetic rats, and (4) DM+VT: diabetic rats treated with VT. Thirty days after diabetes induction with streptozotocin, animals underwent bone fracture, followed by surgical stabilization. Three days after bone fracture, rats began VT. Bone healing was assessed on days 14 and 28 post-fracture by serum bone marker analysis, and femurs collected for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, micro-computed tomography, histology, and gene expression. RESULTS Our results are based on 88 animals. Diabetes led to a dramatic impairment of bone healing as demonstrated by a 17% reduction in bone mineral density and decreases in formation-related microstructural parameters compared to non-diabetic control rats (81% reduction in bone callus volume, 69% reduction in woven bone fraction, 39% reduction in trabecular thickness, and 45% in trabecular number). These changes were accompanied by a significant decrease in the expression of osteoblast-related genes (Runx2, Col1a1, Osx), as well as a 92% reduction in serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) levels. On the other hand, resorption-related parameters were increased in diabetic rats, including a 20% increase in the callus porosity, a 33% increase in trabecular separation, and a 318% increase in serum C terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen levels. VT augmented osteogenic and chondrogenic cell proliferation at the fracture callus in diabetic rats; increased circulating IGF-1 by 668%, callus volume by 52%, callus bone mineral content by 90%, and callus area by 72%; and was associated with a 19% reduction in circulating receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANK-L). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes had detrimental effects on bone healing. Vibration therapy was effective at counteracting the significant disruption in bone repair induced by diabetes, but did not improve fracture healing in non-diabetic control rats. The mechanical stimulus not only improved bone callus quality and quantity, but also partially restored the serum levels of IGF-1 and RANK-L, inducing bone formation and mineralization, thus creating conditions for adequate fracture repair in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa S. Campos
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José B. Volpon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João Paulo B. Ximenez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Franttini
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Christopher E. Dalloul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Manoel D. Sousa-Neto
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel A. Silva
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Melissa A. Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ariane Zamarioli
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Ariane Zamarioli,
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