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Yang S, Zeng Z, Yuan Q, Chen Q, Wang Z, Xie H, Liu J. Vascular calcification: from the perspective of crosstalk. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:35. [PMID: 37851172 PMCID: PMC10584806 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00146-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is highly correlated with cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, but anti-VC treatment remains an area to be tackled due to the ill-defined molecular mechanisms. Regardless of the type of VC, it does not depend on a single cell but involves multi-cells/organs to form a complex cellular communication network through the vascular microenvironment to participate in the occurrence and development of VC. Therefore, focusing only on the direct effect of pathological factors on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) tends to overlook the combined effect of other cells and VSMCs, including VSMCs-VSMCs, ECs-VMSCs, Macrophages-VSMCs, etc. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a collective term for tiny vesicles with a membrane structure that are actively secreted by cells, and almost all cells secrete EVs. EVs docked on the surface of receptor cells can directly mediate signal transduction or transfer their contents into the cell to elicit a functional response from the receptor cells. They have been proven to participate in the VC process and have also shown attractive therapeutic prospects. Based on the advantages of EVs and the ability to be detected in body fluids, they may become a novel therapeutic agent, drug delivery vehicle, diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and potential therapeutic target in the future. This review focuses on the new insight into VC molecular mechanisms from the perspective of crosstalk, summarizes how multi-cells/organs interactions communicate via EVs to regulate VC and the emerging potential of EVs as therapeutic methods in VC. We also summarize preclinical experiments on crosstalk-based and the current state of clinical studies on VC-related measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaolin Zeng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Centre, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Jianghua Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Zheng MH, Shan SK, Lin X, Xu F, Wu F, Guo B, Li FXZ, Zhou ZA, Wang Y, Lei LM, Tang KX, Duan JY, Wu YY, Cao YC, Liao XB, Yuan LQ. Vascular wall microenvironment: exosomes secreted by adventitial fibroblasts induced vascular calcification. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:315. [PMID: 37667298 PMCID: PMC10478424 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification often occurs in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), which significantly increases the incidence of cardiovascular events in CRF patients. Our previous studies identified the crosstalk between the endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and the paracrine effect of VSMCs, which regulate the calcification of VSMCs. Herein, we aim to investigate the effects of exosomes secreted by high phosphorus (HPi) -induced adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) on the calcification of VSMCs and the underlying mechanism, which will further elucidate the important role of AFs in high phosphorus vascular wall microenvironment. The conditioned medium of HPi-induced AFs promotes the calcification of VSMCs, which is partially abrogated by GW4869, a blocker of exosomes biogenesis or release. Exosomes secreted by high phosphorus-induced AFs (AFsHPi-Exos) show similar effects on VSMCs. miR-21-5p is enriched in AFsHPi-Exos, and miR-21-5p enhances osteoblast-like differentiation of VSMCs by downregulating cysteine-rich motor neuron 1 (Crim1) expression. AFsHPi-Exos and exosomes secreted by AFs with overexpression of miR-21-5p (AFsmiR21M-Exos) significantly accelerate vascular calcification in CRF mice. In general, AFsHPi-Exos promote the calcification of VSMCs and vascular calcification by delivering miR-21-5p to VSMCs and subsequently inhibiting the expression of Crim1. Combined with our previous studies, the present experiment supports the theory of vascular wall microenvironment.
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Grants
- 81770881, 81870623, 82100494, 82100944 and 82070910 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81770881, 81870623, 82100494, 82100944 and 82070910 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81770881, 81870623, 82100494, 82100944 and 82070910 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81770881, 81870623, 82100494, 82100944 and 82070910 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 2020SK2078 Key R&D Plan of Hunan Province
- 2021JJ40842 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province
- Key R&D Plan of Hunan Province
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Zheng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Bei Guo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Zhi-Ang Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Li-Min Lei
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Ke-Xin Tang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Jia-Yue Duan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yun-Yun Wu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Ye-Chi Cao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
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Tang HY, Chen AQ, Zhang H, Gao XF, Kong XQ, Zhang JJ. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Phenotypic Switching in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244060. [PMID: 36552822 PMCID: PMC9777337 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the major cell type in the arterial vessel wall, have a contractile phenotype that maintains the normal vessel structure and function under physiological conditions. In response to stress or vascular injury, contractile VSMCs can switch to a less differentiated state (synthetic phenotype) to acquire the proliferative, migratory, and synthetic capabilities for tissue reparation. Imbalances in VSMCs phenotypic switching can result in a variety of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, in-stent restenosis, aortic aneurysms, and vascular calcification. It is very important to identify the molecular mechanisms regulating VSMCs phenotypic switching to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality. However, the key molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways participating in VSMCs phenotypic switching have still not been fully elucidated despite long-term efforts by cardiovascular researchers. In this review, we provide an updated summary of the recent studies and systematic knowledge of VSMCs phenotypic switching in atherosclerosis, in-stent restenosis, aortic aneurysms, and vascular calcification, which may help guide future research and provide novel insights into the prevention and treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yue Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Ai-Qun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Heart Centre, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xiang-Quan Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Heart Centre, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel./Fax: +86-25-52208048
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Cheng L, Wang H, Maboh R, Mao G, Wu X, Chen H. LncRNA LINC00281/Annexin A2 Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Switching via the Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling Pathway. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:971-984. [PMID: 35478454 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal phenotype switch in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays an important role in the initiation and progression of vascular proliferative diseases. Annexin A2 (ANXA2), related to the pro-inflammatory response, contributes to the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. This study explored the mechanisms involved in the regulation of VSMC phenotype modulation via ANXA2. The results revealed that ANXA2 promotes the phosphorylation of p65 and co-translocates with p65 into the nucleus, resulting in VSMC proliferation, migration, and dedifferentiation. Based on bioinformatics predictions and RNA immunoprecipitation assays, LINC00281 was confirmed to be an upstream regulator of ANXA2. Taken together, ANXA2, which is negatively regulated by the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00281, has significant importance in the regulation of VSMC proliferation, migration, and phenotype switching via the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-кB) p65 signaling pathway. This indicates that the lncRNA LINC00281/ANXA2/NF-кB p65 signaling pathway might be a new therapeutic target for vascular proliferative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Cheng
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Hypertension Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Institute, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - ReneNfornah Maboh
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Gaowei Mao
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Hypertension Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Institute, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Hui Chen
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China. .,Hypertension Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Institute, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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