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Lu H, Xu L, Steriopoulos J, McLeod P, Huang X, Min J, Peng T, Jevnikar AM, Zhang ZX. An acidic pH environment converts necroptosis to apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 725:150215. [PMID: 38870845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac ischemia results in anaerobic metabolism and lactic acid accumulation and with time, intracellular and extracellular acidosis. Ischemia and subsequent reperfusion injury (IRI) lead to various forms of programmed cell death. Necroptosis is a major form of programmed necrosis that worsens cardiac function directly and also promotes inflammation by the release of cellular contents. Potential effects of increasing acidosis on programmed cell death and their specific components have not been well studied. While apoptosis is caspase-dependent, in contrast, necroptosis is mediated by the receptor-interacting protein kinases 1 and 3 (RIPK1/3). In our study, we observed that at physiological pH = 7.4, caspase-8 inhibition did not prevent TNFα-induced cell death in mouse cardiac vascular endothelial cells (MVECs) but promoted necroptotic cell death. As expected, necroptosis was blocked by RIPK1 inhibition. However, at pH = 6.5, TNFα induced an apoptosis-like pattern which was inhibited by caspase-8 inhibition. Interestingly phosphorylation of necroptotic molecules RIPK1, RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) was enhanced in an acidic pH environment. However, RIPK3 and MLKL phosphorylation was self-limited which may have limited their participation in necroptosis. In addition, an acidic pH promoted apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) cleavage and nuclear translocation. AIF RNA silencing inhibited cell death, supporting the role of AIF in this cell death. In summary, our study demonstrated that the pH of the micro-environment during inflammation can bias cell death pathways by altering the function of necroptosis-related molecules and promoting AIF-mediated cell death. Further insights into the mechanisms by which an acidic cellular micro-environment influences these and perhaps other forms of regulated cell death, may lead to therapeutic strategies to attenuate IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Lu
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Laura Xu
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Julia Steriopoulos
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Patrick McLeod
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre. London, Canada
| | - Xuyan Huang
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Jeffery Min
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Tianging Peng
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University. London, Canada
| | - Anthony M Jevnikar
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre. London, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University. London, Canada
| | - Zhu-Xu Zhang
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada; Department of Pathology, Western University, London, Canada; Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre. London, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University. London, Canada.
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Lu H, Jiang J, Min J, Huang X, McLeod P, Liu W, Haig A, Gunaratnam L, Jevnikar AM, Zhang ZX. The CaMK Family Differentially Promotes Necroptosis and Mouse Cardiac Graft Injury and Rejection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4428. [PMID: 38674016 PMCID: PMC11050252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation is associated with various forms of programmed cell death which can accelerate transplant injury and rejection. Targeting cell death in donor organs may represent a novel strategy for preventing allograft injury. We have previously demonstrated that necroptosis plays a key role in promoting transplant injury. Recently, we have found that mitochondria function is linked to necroptosis. However, it remains unknown how necroptosis signaling pathways regulate mitochondrial function during necroptosis. In this study, we investigated the receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and necroptosis. We demonstrate that the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) family members CaMK1, 2, and 4 form a complex with RIPK3 in mouse cardiac endothelial cells, to promote trans-phosphorylation during necroptosis. CaMK1 and 4 directly activated the dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1), while CaMK2 indirectly activated Drp1 via the phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5). The inhibition of CaMKs restored mitochondrial function and effectively prevented endothelial cell death. CaMKs inhibition inhibited activation of CaMKs and Drp1, and cell death and heart tissue injury (n = 6/group, p < 0.01) in a murine model of cardiac transplantation. Importantly, the inhibition of CaMKs greatly prolonged heart graft survival (n = 8/group, p < 0.01). In conclusion, CaMK family members orchestrate cell death in two different pathways and may be potential therapeutic targets in preventing cell death and transplant injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Lu
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada; (H.L.); (A.M.J.)
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Jifu Jiang
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada; (H.L.); (A.M.J.)
| | - Jeffery Min
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada; (H.L.); (A.M.J.)
| | - Xuyan Huang
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada; (H.L.); (A.M.J.)
| | - Patrick McLeod
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada; (H.L.); (A.M.J.)
| | - Weihua Liu
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Aaron Haig
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Lakshman Gunaratnam
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada; (H.L.); (A.M.J.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Anthony M. Jevnikar
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada; (H.L.); (A.M.J.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Zhu-Xu Zhang
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplantation Studies, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada; (H.L.); (A.M.J.)
- Department of Pathology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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Bojic D, Aujla T, Sugihara J, Wong A, Keshavjee S, Liu M. Thyroid hormone protects human lung epithelial cells from cold preservation and warm reperfusion-induced injury. J Transl Med 2024; 22:221. [PMID: 38429788 PMCID: PMC10908176 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular stress associated with static-cold storage (SCS) and warm reperfusion of donor lungs can contribute to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury during transplantation. Adding cytoprotective agents to the preservation solution may be conducive to reducing graft deterioration and improving post-transplant outcomes. METHODS SCS and warm reperfusion were simulated in human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) by exposing cells to low potassium dextran glucose solution at 4 °C for different periods and then switching back to serum-containing culture medium at 37 °C. Transcriptomic analysis was used to explore potential cytoprotective agents. Based on its results, cell viability, caspase activity, cell morphology, mitochondrial function, and inflammatory gene expression were examined under simulated IR conditions with or without thyroid hormones (THs). RESULTS After 18 h SCS followed by 2 h warm reperfusion, genes related to inflammation and cell death were upregulated, and genes related to protein synthesis and metabolism were downregulated in BEAS-2B cells, which closely mirrored gene profiles found in thyroid glands of mice with congenital hypothyroidism. The addition of THs (T3 or T4) to the preservation solution increases cell viability, inhibits activation of caspase 3, 8 and 9, preserves cell morphology, enhances mitochondrial membrane potential, reduces mitochondrial superoxide production, and suppresses inflammatory gene expression. CONCLUSION Adding THs to lung preservation solutions may protect lung cells during SCS by promoting mitochondrial function, reducing apoptosis, and inhibiting pro-inflammatory pathways. Further in vivo testing is warranted to determine the potential clinical application of adding THs as therapeutics in lung preservation solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Bojic
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tanroop Aujla
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Junichi Sugihara
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Wong
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Horvath C, Jarabicova I, Kura B, Kalocayova B, Faurobert E, Davidson SM, Adameova A. Novel, non-conventional pathways of necroptosis in the heart and other organs: Molecular mechanisms, regulation and inter-organelle interplay. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119534. [PMID: 37399908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a cell death modality that is defined as a necrosis-like cell death depending on the receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL), has been found to underlie the injury of various organs. Nevertheless, the molecular background of this cell loss seems to also involve, at least under certain circumstances, some novel axes, such as RIPK3-PGAM5-Drp1 (mitochondrial protein phosphatase 5-dynamin-related protein 1), RIPK3-CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) and RIPK3-JNK-BNIP3 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase-BCL2 Interacting Protein 3). In addition, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress via the higher production of reactive oxygen species produced by the mitochondrial enzymes and the enzymes of the plasma membrane have been implicated in necroptosis, thereby depicting an inter-organelle interplay in the mechanisms of this cell death. However, the role and relationship between these novel non-conventional signalling and the well-accepted canonical pathway in terms of tissue- and/or disease-specific prioritisation is completely unknown. In this review, we provide current knowledge on some necroptotic pathways being not directly associated with RIPK3-MLKL execution and report studies showing the role of respective microRNAs in the regulation of necroptotic injury in the heart and in some other tissues having a high expression of the pro-necroptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Horvath
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Izabela Jarabicova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Branislav Kura
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Barbora Kalocayova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Eva Faurobert
- French National Centre for Scientific Research, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, France.
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Adriana Adameova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Zhao Y, Main K, Aujla T, Keshavjee S, Liu M. Necroptosis in Organ Transplantation: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Cells 2023; 12:2296. [PMID: 37759518 PMCID: PMC10527210 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation remains the only treatment option for patients with end-stage organ dysfunction. However, there are numerous limitations that challenge its clinical application, including the shortage of organ donations, the quality of donated organs, injury during organ preservation and reperfusion, primary and chronic graft dysfunction, acute and chronic rejection, infection, and carcinogenesis in post-transplantation patients. Acute and chronic inflammation and cell death are two major underlying mechanisms for graft injury. Necroptosis is a type of programmed cell death involved in many diseases and has been studied in the setting of all major solid organ transplants, including the kidney, heart, liver, and lung. It is determined by the underlying donor organ conditions (e.g., age, alcohol consumption, fatty liver, hemorrhage shock, donation after circulatory death, etc.), preservation conditions and reperfusion, and allograft rejection. The specific molecular mechanisms of necroptosis have been uncovered in the organ transplantation setting, and potential targeting drugs have been identified. We hope this review article will promote more clinical research to determine the role of necroptosis and other types of programmed cell death in solid organ transplantation to alleviate the clinical burden of ischemia-reperfusion injury and graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajin Zhao
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (K.M.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Kimberly Main
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (K.M.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Tanroop Aujla
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (K.M.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (K.M.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (Y.Z.); (K.M.); (T.A.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
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Hou D, Hu F, Mao Y, Yan L, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Wu A, Forouzanfar T, Pathak JL, Wu G. Cationic antimicrobial peptide NRC-03 induces oral squamous cell carcinoma cell apoptosis via CypD-mPTP axis-mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102355. [PMID: 35660629 PMCID: PMC9511698 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleurocidin-family cationic antimicrobial peptide NRC-03 exhibits potent and selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells. However, the anticancer effect of NRC-03 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and the molecular mechanism of NRC-03 induced cancer cell death is still unclear. This study focused to investigate mitochondrial oxidative stress-mediated altered mitochondrial function involved in NRC-03-induced apoptosis of OSCC cells. NRC-03 entered the OSCC cells more easily than that of normal cells and bound to mitochondria as well as the nucleus, causing cell membrane blebbing, mitochondria swelling, and DNA fragmentation. NRC-03 induced high oxygen consumption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in OSCC cells. Non-specific antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), or mitochondria-specific antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ) alleviated NRC-03-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction indicated that NRC-03 exerts a cytotoxic effect in cancer cells via inducing cellular and mitochondrial oxidative stress. Moreover, the expression of cyclophilin D (CypD), the key component of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), was upregulated in NRC-03-treated cancer cells. Blockade of CypD by siRNA-mediated depletion or pharmacological inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA) significantly suppressed NRC-03-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. NRC-03 also activated MAPK/ERK and NF-κB pathways. Importantly, intratumoral administration of NRC-03 inhibited the growth of CAL-27 cells-derived tumors on xenografted animal models. Taken together, our study indicates that NRC-03 induces apoptosis in OSCC cells via the CypD-mPTP axis mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hou
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam UMC/VUmc and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, the Netherlands
| | - Fengjun Hu
- Institute of Information Technology, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Yixin Mao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Netherlands
| | - Liang Yan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Zhichao Zheng
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Antong Wu
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China
| | - Tymour Forouzanfar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam UMC/VUmc and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, the Netherlands
| | - Janak L Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, China.
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam UMC/VUmc and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, the Netherlands; Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081LA, Netherlands.
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Radhakrishnan J, Baetiong A, Gazmuri RJ. Enhanced Oxygen Utilization Efficiency With Concomitant Activation of AMPK-TBC1D1 Signaling Nexus in Cyclophilin-D Conditional Knockout Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:756659. [PMID: 34955879 PMCID: PMC8692870 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.756659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported in HEK 293 T cells and in constitutive cyclophilin-D (Cyp-D) knockout (KO) mice that Cyp-D ablation downregulates oxygen consumption (VO2) and triggers an adaptive response that manifest in higher exercise endurance with less VO2. This adaptive response involves a metabolic switch toward preferential utilization of glucose via AMPK-TBC1D1 signaling nexus. We now investigated whether a similar response could be triggered in mice after acute ablation of Cyp-D using tamoxifen-induced ROSA26-Cre-mediated (i.e., conditional KO, CKO) by subjecting them to treadmill exercise involving five running sessions. At their first treadmill running session, CKO mice and controls had comparable VO2 (208.4 ± 17.9 vs. 209.1 ± 16.8 ml/kg min−1), VCO2 (183.6 ± 17.2 vs. 184.8 ± 16.9 ml/kg min−1), and RER (0.88 ± 0.043 vs. 0.88 ± 0.042). With subsequent sessions, CKO mice displayed more prominent reduction in VO2 (genotype & session interaction p = 0.000) with less prominent reduction in VCO2 resulting in significantly increased RER (genotype and session interaction p = 0.013). The increase in RER was consistent with preferential utilization of glucose as respiratory substrate (4.6 ± 0.8 vs. 4.0 ± 0.9 mg/min, p = 0.003). CKO mice also performed a significantly higher treadmill work for given VO2 expressed as a power/VO2 ratio (7.4 ± 0.2 × 10−3 vs. 6.7 ± 0.2 10−3 ratio, p = 0.025). Analysis of CKO skeletal muscle tissue after completion of five treadmill running sessions showed enhanced AMPK activation (0.669 ± 0.06 vs. 0.409 ± 0.11 pAMPK/β-tubulin ratio, p = 0.005) and TBC1D1 inactivation (0.877 ± 0.16 vs. 0.565 ± 0.09 pTBC1D1/β-tubulin ratio, p < 0.05) accompanied by increased glucose transporter-4 levels consistent with activation of the AMPK-TBC1D1 signaling nexus enabling increased glucose utilization. Taken together, our study demonstrates that like constitutive Cyp-D ablation, acute Cyp-D ablation also induces a state of increased O2 utilization efficiency, paving the way for exploring the use of pharmacological approach to elicit the same response, which could be beneficial under O2 limiting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeejabai Radhakrishnan
- Resuscitation Institute, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alvin Baetiong
- Resuscitation Institute, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Raúl J Gazmuri
- Resuscitation Institute, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States.,Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL, United States
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