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Fujiwara-Tani R, Takagi T, Mori S, Kishi S, Nishiguchi Y, Sasaki T, Ikeda M, Nagai K, Bhawal UK, Ohmori H, Fujii K, Kuniyasu H. Short Telomere Lesions with Dysplastic Metaplasia Histology May Represent Precancerous Lesions of Helicobacter pylori-Positive Gastric Mucosa. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3182. [PMID: 36834592 PMCID: PMC9958872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancers are strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, with intestinal metaplasia characterizing the background mucosa in most cases. However, only a subset of intestinal metaplasia cases proceed to carcinogenesis, and the characteristics of high-risk intestinal metaplasia that link it with gastric cancer are still unclear. We examined telomere reduction in five gastrectomy specimens using fluorescence in situ hybridization, and identified areas with localized telomere loss (outside of cancerous lesions), which were designated as short telomere lesions (STLs). Histological analyses indicated that STLs were characteristic of intestinal metaplasia accompanied by nuclear enlargement but lacking structural atypia, which we termed dysplastic metaplasia (DM). A review of gastric biopsy specimens from 587 H. pylori-positive patients revealed 32 cases of DM, 13 of which were classified as high-grade based on the degree of nuclear enlargement. All high-grade DM cases exhibited a telomere volume reduced to less than 60% of that of lymphocytes, increased stemness, and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression. Two patients (15%) exhibited low levels of p53 nuclear retention. After a 10-year follow-up, 7 (54%) of the high-grade DM cases had progressed to gastric cancer. These results suggest that DM is characterized by telomere shortening, TERT expression, and stem cell proliferation, and high-grade DM is a high-grade intestinal metaplasia that likely represents a precancerous lesion of gastric cancer. High-grade DM is expected to effectively prevent progression to gastric cancer in H. pylori-positive patients.
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Grants
- 19K16564 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20K21659 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20K18007 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 21K10143 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Tadataka Takagi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nishiguchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ikeda
- Miyoshi Central Hospital, 10531 Higashi-Sakaya-cho, Miyoshi 728-8502, Japan
| | - Kenta Nagai
- Miyoshi Central Hospital, 10531 Higashi-Sakaya-cho, Miyoshi 728-8502, Japan
| | - Ujjal Kumar Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo 271-8587, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
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Xing Y, Han H, Wang Y, Sun Z, Wang L, Peng D, Guo X, Yao N, Yuan Y, Zhang W, Mao T, Liu Y. How to improve the diagnosis of neoplastic transformation of gastric hyperplastic polyps in the context of autoimmune gastritis?: A case report and lierature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32204. [PMID: 36482631 PMCID: PMC9726335 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Gastric hyperplastic polyp (GHP) commonly arises in the abnormal background mucosa, which makes it easy to be misdiagnosed and missed, and has a potential risk of malignant transformation over time. Here, we present a case of neoplastic transformation of GHP in a context of autoimmune gastritis (AIG). PATIENT CONCERNS In 2020, a 67-year-old woman was admitted for endoscopic review 6 years after gastric polyp resection, the histological diagnosis of gastric polyp was neoplastic transformation of GHP as before. The patient had undergone multiple polypectomies at the same part. Then histological examination revealed that partial epithelial hyperplasia and dysplasia, and the neoplastic areas were interlaced with normal mucosa. DIAGNOSES AND INTERVENTIONS We further found that the background diagnosis was AIG. These results supported the diagnosis of neoplastic transformation of GHP in a context of AIG. With the doubt of missed diagnose, we retrospectively analyzed the medical history in 2014, 2015 and 2016, confirmed the presence of AIG. Unfortunately, serological tests and special treatment were not performed. OUTCOMES The correct diagnosis was eventually confirmed in 2020, which enables patients to receive normal treatment and monitoring, and avoids further deterioration of the disease. LESSONS The purpose of this case report is to increase clinical awareness of neoplastic transformation of GHP in a context of AIG, and hope promise for early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Xing
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Haixiao Han
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
| | - Zhongmei Sun
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
| | - Linheng Wang
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
| | - Dan Peng
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
| | - Xiaoyuan Guo
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
| | - Na Yao
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
| | - Yali Yuan
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
| | - Wenji Zhang
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
| | - Tangyou Mao
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
- * Correspondence: Yuyue Liu, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China (e-mail: ) and Tangyou Mao, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China (e-mail: )
| | - Yuyue Liu
- Dongfang hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R China
- * Correspondence: Yuyue Liu, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China (e-mail: ) and Tangyou Mao, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China (e-mail: )
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Novel indole-guanidine hybrids as potential anticancer agents: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sritharan S, Guha S, Hazarika S, Sivalingam N. Meta analysis of bioactive compounds, miRNA, siRNA and cell death regulators as sensitizers to doxorubicin induced chemoresistance. Apoptosis 2022; 27:622-646. [PMID: 35716277 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has presented to be the most challenging disease, contributing to one in six mortalities worldwide. The current treatment regimen involves multiple rounds of chemotherapy administration, alone or in combination. The treatment has adverse effects including cardiomyopathy, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. In addition, the development of resistance to chemo has been attributed to cancer relapse and low patient overall survivability. Multiple drug resistance development may be through numerous factors such as up-regulation of drug transporters, drug inactivation, alteration of drug targets and drug degradation. Doxorubicin is a widely used first line chemotherapeutic drug for a myriad of cancers. It has multiple intracellular targets, DNA intercalation, adduct formation, topoisomerase inhibition, iron chelation, reactive oxygen species generation and promotes immune mediated clearance of the tumor. Agents that can sensitize the resistant cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic drug are currently the focus to improve the clinical efficiency of cancer therapy. This review summarizes the recent 10-year research on the use of natural phytochemicals, inhibitors of apoptosis and autophagy, miRNAs, siRNAs and nanoformulations being investigated for doxorubicin chemosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Sritharan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Sampurna Guha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Snoopy Hazarika
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Nageswaran Sivalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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