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Zota I, Chanoumidou K, Gravanis A, Charalampopoulos I. Stimulating myelin restoration with BDNF: a promising therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1422130. [PMID: 39285941 PMCID: PMC11402763 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1422130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder constituting the most common form of dementia (60%-70% of cases). Although AD presents majorly a neurodegenerative pathology, recent clinical evidence highlights myelin impairment as a key factor in disease pathogenesis. The lack of preventive or restorative treatment is emphasizing the need to develop novel therapeutic approaches targeting to the causes of the disease. Recent studies in animals and patients have highlighted the loss of myelination of the neuronal axons as an extremely aggravating factor in AD, in addition to the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles that are to date the main pathological hallmarks of the disease. Myelin breakdown represents an early stage event in AD. However, it is still unclear whether myelin loss is attributed only to exogenous factors like inflammatory processes of the tissue or to impaired oligodendrogenesis as well. Neurotrophic factors are well established protective molecules under many pathological conditions of the neural tissue, contributing also to proper myelination. Due to their inability to be used as drugs, many research efforts are focused on substituting neurotrophic activity with small molecules. Our research team has recently developed novel micromolecular synthetic neurotrophin mimetics (MNTs), selectively acting on neurotrophin receptors, and thus offering a unique opportunity for innovative therapies against neurodegenerative diseases. These small sized, lipophilic molecules address the underlying biological effect of these diseases (neuroprotective action), but also they exert significant neurogenic actions inducing neuronal replacement of the disease areas. One of the significant neurotrophin molecules in the Central Nervous System is Brain-Derived-Neurotrophin-Factor (BDNF). BDNF is a neurotrophin that not only supports neuroprotection and adult neurogenesis, but also mediates pro-myelinating effects in the CNS. BDNF binds with high-affinity on the TrkB neurotrophin receptor and enhances myelination by increasing the density of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and playing an important role in CNS myelination. Conclusively, in the present review, we discuss the myelin pathophysiology in Alzheimer's Diseases, as well as the role of neurotrophins, and specifically BDNF, in myelin maintenance and restoration, revealing its valuable therapeutic potential against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Zota
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantina Chanoumidou
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Achille Gravanis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioannis Charalampopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
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2
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Machado Kayser J, Petry F, Alijar Souza M, Santin Zanatta Schindler M, Vidor Morgan L, Zimmermann Prado Rodrigues G, Mazon SC, Silva Aguiar GP, Galdino da Rocha Pitta M, da Rocha Pitta I, Leal Xavier L, Girardi Müller L, Gehlen G, Heemann Betti A. Antidepressant effect of PT-31, an α₂-adrenoceptor agonist, on lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behavior in mice. Behav Pharmacol 2024; 35:338-350. [PMID: 39051900 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotrophic factors play a key role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). In addition, the attenuation of inflammatory response has been considered a putative mechanism for MDD treatment. PT-31 is an imidazolidine derivative and a putative α₂-adrenoceptor agonist that has previously demonstrated antinociceptive activity. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of PT-31 on depressive-like behavior and lipopolysaccharide-induced neurochemical changes. To this end, mice received intraperitoneally saline or lipopolysaccharide (600 µg/kg), and 5 h postinjection animals were orally treated with saline, PT-31 (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg), or fluoxetine (30 mg/kg). Mice were subjected to the open field test (OFT) 6 and 24 h after lipopolysaccharide administration and to the tail suspension test (TST) 24 h postlipopolysaccharide. Subsequently, animals were euthanized, and brains were dissected for neurochemical analyses. The administration of lipopolysaccharide-induced sickness- and depressive-like behaviors, besides promoting an increase in myeloperoxidase activity and a reduction in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Noteworthy, PT-31 3 mg/kg attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced decreased locomotor activity 6 h after lipopolysaccharide in the OFT. All tested doses of PT-31 significantly reduced the immobility time of animals in the TST and attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced increased myeloperoxidase activity in the cortex of mice. Our results demonstrate that PT-31 ameliorates behavioral changes promoted by lipopolysaccharide in OFT and TST, which is possibly mediated by attenuation of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Machado Kayser
- Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo
| | - Fernanda Petry
- Molecular Genetics and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Maryelen Alijar Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Monica Santin Zanatta Schindler
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Letícia Vidor Morgan
- Pharmacy Course, Health Sciences Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó), Chapecó
| | | | - Samara Cristina Mazon
- Molecular Genetics and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Gean Pablo Silva Aguiar
- Molecular Genetics and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Marina Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Nucleus of Research in Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT SG), Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife
| | - Ivan da Rocha Pitta
- Nucleus of Research in Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT SG), Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife
| | - Léder Leal Xavier
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Liz Girardi Müller
- Molecular Genetics and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Günther Gehlen
- Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Quality, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo
| | - Andresa Heemann Betti
- Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo
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Charou D, Rogdakis T, Latorrata A, Valcarcel M, Papadogiannis V, Athanasiou C, Tsengenes A, Papadopoulou MA, Lypitkas D, Lavigne MD, Katsila T, Wade RC, Cader MZ, Calogeropoulou T, Gravanis A, Charalampopoulos I. Comprehensive characterization of the neurogenic and neuroprotective action of a novel TrkB agonist using mouse and human stem cell models of Alzheimer's disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:200. [PMID: 38971770 PMCID: PMC11227723 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03818-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and differentiation in the mammalian brain decreases to minimal levels postnatally. Nevertheless, neurogenic niches persist in the adult cortex and hippocampus in rodents, primates and humans, with adult NSC differentiation sharing key regulatory mechanisms with development. Adult neurogenesis impairments have been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Addressing these impairments by using neurotrophic factors is a promising new avenue for therapeutic intervention based on neurogenesis. However, this possibility has been hindered by technical difficulties of using in-vivo models to conduct screens, including working with scarce NSCs in the adult brain and differences between human and mouse models or ethical limitations. METHODS Here, we use a combination of mouse and human stem cell models for comprehensive in-vitro characterization of a novel neurogenic compound, focusing on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway. The ability of ENT-A011, a steroidal dehydroepiandrosterone derivative, to activate the tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor was tested through western blotting in NIH-3T3 cells and its neurogenic and neuroprotective action were assessed through proliferation, cell death and Amyloid-β (Aβ) toxicity assays in mouse primary adult hippocampal NSCs, mouse embryonic cortical NSCs and neural progenitor cells (NPCs) differentiated from three human induced pluripotent stem cell lines from healthy and AD donors. RNA-seq profiling was used to assess if the compound acts through the same gene network as BDNF in human NPCs. RESULTS ENT-A011 was able to increase proliferation of mouse primary adult hippocampal NSCs and embryonic cortical NSCs, in the absence of EGF/FGF, while reducing Aβ-induced cell death, acting selectively through TrkB activation. The compound was able to increase astrocytic gene markers involved in NSC maintenance, protect hippocampal neurons from Αβ toxicity and prevent synapse loss after Aβ treatment. ENT-A011 successfully induces proliferation and prevents cell death after Aβ toxicity in human NPCs, acting through a core gene network shared with BDNF as shown through RNA-seq. CONCLUSIONS Our work characterizes a novel BDNF mimetic with preferable pharmacological properties and neurogenic and neuroprotective actions in Alzheimer's disease via stem cell-based screening, demonstrating the promise of stem cell systems for short-listing competitive candidates for further testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Charou
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Thanasis Rogdakis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Alessia Latorrata
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Valcarcel
- Innovative Technologies in Biological Systems SL (INNOPROT), 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Vasileios Papadogiannis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christina Athanasiou
- Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandros Tsengenes
- Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Anna Papadopoulou
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Lypitkas
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Matthieu D Lavigne
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Theodora Katsila
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Rebecca C Wade
- Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Zameel Cader
- Translational Molecular Neuroscience Group, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Achille Gravanis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioannis Charalampopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece.
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 70013, Heraklion, Greece.
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Antipova TA, Logvinov IO, Deyev IE, Povarnina PY, Vakhitova YV, Gudasheva TA, Seredenin SB. Pharmacogenetic Analysis of the Interaction of the Low-Molecular-Weight BDNF Mimetic Dipeptide GSB-106 with TRK Receptors. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2023; 511:166-168. [PMID: 37833601 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672923700230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Using TrkA or TrkB receptor gene knockout HT-22 cells, the selectivity of the interaction of the low-molecular-weight dipeptide BDNF mimetic GSB-106 (hexamethylenediamide bis(N-monosuccinyl-L-seryl-L-lysine)) with TrkB receptors was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Antipova
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - I O Logvinov
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - I E Deyev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Yu Povarnina
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu V Vakhitova
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - T A Gudasheva
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - S B Seredenin
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Hassamal S. Chronic stress, neuroinflammation, and depression: an overview of pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging anti-inflammatories. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1130989. [PMID: 37252156 PMCID: PMC10213648 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1130989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In a subset of patients, chronic exposure to stress is an etiological risk factor for neuroinflammation and depression. Neuroinflammation affects up to 27% of patients with MDD and is associated with a more severe, chronic, and treatment-resistant trajectory. Inflammation is not unique to depression and has transdiagnostic effects suggesting a shared etiological risk factor underlying psychopathologies and metabolic disorders. Research supports an association but not necessarily a causation with depression. Putative mechanisms link chronic stress to dysregulation of the HPA axis and immune cell glucocorticoid resistance resulting in hyperactivation of the peripheral immune system. The chronic extracellular release of DAMPs and immune cell DAMP-PRR signaling creates a feed forward loop that accelerates peripheral and central inflammation. Higher plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines, most consistently interleukin IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, are correlated with greater depressive symptomatology. Cytokines sensitize the HPA axis, disrupt the negative feedback loop, and further propagate inflammatory reactions. Peripheral inflammation exacerbates central inflammation (neuroinflammation) through several mechanisms including disruption of the blood-brain barrier, immune cellular trafficking, and activation of glial cells. Activated glial cells release cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species into the extra-synaptic space dysregulating neurotransmitter systems, imbalancing the excitatory to inhibitory ratio, and disrupting neural circuitry plasticity and adaptation. In particular, microglial activation and toxicity plays a central role in the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies most consistently show reduced hippocampal volumes. Neural circuitry dysfunction such as hypoactivation between the ventral striatum and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex underlies the melancholic phenotype of depression. Chronic administration of monoamine-based antidepressants counters the inflammatory response, but with a delayed therapeutic onset. Therapeutics targeting cell mediated immunity, generalized and specific inflammatory signaling pathways, and nitro-oxidative stress have enormous potential to advance the treatment landscape. Future clinical trials will need to include immune system perturbations as biomarker outcome measures to facilitate novel antidepressant development. In this overview, we explore the inflammatory correlates of depression and elucidate pathomechanisms to facilitate the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Hassamal
- California University of Sciences and Medicine, Colton, CA, United States
- Clinicaltriallink, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- California Neuropsychiatric Institute, Ontario, CA, United States
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Strain MM, Tongkhuya S, Wienandt N, Alsadoon F, Chavez R, Daniels J, Garza T, Trevino AV, Wells K, Stark T, Clifford J, Sosanya NM. Exploring combat stress exposure effects on burn pain in a female rodent model. BMC Neurosci 2022; 23:73. [PMID: 36474149 PMCID: PMC9724288 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-022-00759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the military, constant physiological and psychological stress encountered by Soldiers can lead to development of the combat and operational stress reaction (COSR), which can effect pain management. Similar effects are seen in other populations subjected to high levels of stress. Using a model of COSR, our lab recently showed that four weeks of stress prior to an injury increases pain sensitivity in male rats. With the roles of women in the military expanding and recent studies indicating sex differences in stress and pain processing, this study sought to investigate how different amounts of prior stress exposure affects thermal injury-induced mechanosensitivity in a female rat model of COSR. Adult female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to the unpredictable combat stress (UPCS) procedure for either 2 or 4 weeks. The UPCS procedure included exposure to one stressor each day for four days. The stressors include: (1) sound stress for 30 min, (2) restraint stress for 4 h, (3) cold stress for 4 h, and (4) forced swim stress for 15 min. The order of stressors was randomized weekly. Mechanical and thermal sensitivity was tested twice weekly. After the UPCS procedure, a sub-set of rats received a thermal injury while under anesthesia. The development of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia was examined for 14 days post-burn. UPCS exposure increased mechanosensitivity after two weeks. Interestingly, with more stress exposure, females seemed to habituate to the stress, causing the stress-induced changes in mechanosensitivity to decrease by week three of UPCS. If thermal injury induction occurred during peak stress-induced mechanosensitivity, after two weeks, this resulted in increased mechanical allodynia in the injured hind paw compared to thermal injury alone. This data indicates a susceptibility to increased nociceptive sensitization when injury is sustained at peak stress reactivity. Additionally, this data indicates a sex difference in the timing of peak stress. Post-mortem examination of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) showed altered expression of p-TrkB in 4-week stressed animals given a thermal injury, suggesting a compensatory mechanism. Future work will examine treatment options for preventing stress-induced pain to maintain the effectiveness and readiness of the Warfighter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misty M. Strain
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Sirima Tongkhuya
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Nathan Wienandt
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Farah Alsadoon
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Roger Chavez
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Jamar Daniels
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Thomas Garza
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Alex V. Trevino
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Kenney Wells
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Thomas Stark
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - John Clifford
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
| | - Natasha M. Sosanya
- grid.420328.f0000 0001 2110 0308Pain and Sensory Trauma Care, Combat Research Team 5 (CRT5), US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), JBSA Fort Sam Houston, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio, TX 78234-4504 USA
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Nordvall G, Forsell P, Sandin J. Neurotrophin-targeted therapeutics: A gateway to cognition and more? Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103318. [PMID: 35850433 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), are small proteins expressed in the brain and peripheral tissues, which regulate several key aspects of neuronal function, including neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection, but also programmed cell death. This broad range of effects is a result of a complex downstream signaling pathway, with differential spatial and temporal activation patterns further diversifying their physiological effects. Alterations in neurotrophin levels, or known polymorphisms in neurotrophin genes, have been linked to a variety of disorders, including depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Historically, their therapeutic potential in these disorders has been hampered by the lack of suitable tool molecules for clinical studies. However, recent advancements have led to the development of new therapeutic candidates, which are now in clinical testing.
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8
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Arip M, Tan LF, Jayaraj R, Abdullah M, Rajagopal M, Selvaraja M. Exploration of biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cervical cancer: a review. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:91. [PMID: 36152065 PMCID: PMC9509511 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the fourth most diagnosed cancer, cervical cancer (CC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality affecting females globally, particularly when diagnosed at advanced stage. Discoveries of CC biomarkers pave the road to precision medicine for better patient outcomes. High throughput omics technologies, characterized by big data production further accelerate the process. To date, various CC biomarkers have been discovered through the advancement in technologies. Despite, very few have successfully translated into clinical practice due to the paucity of validation through large scale clinical studies. While vast amounts of data are generated by the omics technologies, challenges arise in identifying the clinically relevant data for translational research as analyses of single-level omics approaches rarely provide causal relations. Integrative multi-omics approaches across different levels of cellular function enable better comprehension of the fundamental biology of CC by highlighting the interrelationships of the involved biomolecules and their function, aiding in identification of novel integrated biomarker profile for precision medicine. Establishment of a worldwide Early Detection Research Network (EDRN) system helps accelerating the pace of biomarker translation. To fill the research gap, we review the recent research progress on CC biomarker development from the application of high throughput omics technologies with sections covering genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masita Arip
- Allergy & Immunology Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Fang Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rama Jayaraj
- Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Maha Abdullah
- Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Jalan Serdang, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mogana Rajagopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Malarvili Selvaraja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Dolotov OV, Inozemtseva LS, Myasoedov NF, Grivennikov IA. Stress-Induced Depression and Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Astrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4999. [PMID: 35563389 PMCID: PMC9104432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases and depression are multifactorial disorders with a complex and poorly understood physiopathology. Astrocytes play a key role in the functioning of neurons in norm and pathology. Stress is an important factor for the development of brain disorders. Here, we review data on the effects of stress on astrocyte function and evidence of the involvement of astrocyte dysfunction in depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Stressful life events are an important risk factor for depression; meanwhile, depression is an important risk factor for AD. Clinical data indicate atrophic changes in the same areas of the brain, the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), in both pathologies. These brain regions play a key role in regulating the stress response and are most vulnerable to the action of glucocorticoids. PFC astrocytes are critically involved in the development of depression. Stress alters astrocyte function and can result in pyroptotic death of not only neurons, but also astrocytes. BDNF-TrkB system not only plays a key role in depression and in normalizing the stress response, but also appears to be an important factor in the functioning of astrocytes. Astrocytes, being a target for stress and glucocorticoids, are a promising target for the treatment of stress-dependent depression and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V. Dolotov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (O.V.D.); (L.S.I.); (N.F.M.)
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila S. Inozemtseva
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (O.V.D.); (L.S.I.); (N.F.M.)
| | - Nikolay F. Myasoedov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (O.V.D.); (L.S.I.); (N.F.M.)
| | - Igor A. Grivennikov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (O.V.D.); (L.S.I.); (N.F.M.)
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Mezhlumyan AG, Tallerova AV, Povarnina PY, Tarasiuk AV, Sazonova NM, Gudasheva TA, Seredenin SB. Antidepressant-like Effects of BDNF and NGF Individual Loop Dipeptide Mimetics Depend on the Signal Transmission Patterns Associated with Trk. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030284. [PMID: 35337082 PMCID: PMC8950955 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins are considered as an attractive target for the development of antidepressants with a novel mechanism of action. Previously, the dimeric dipeptide mimetics of individual loops of nerve growth factor, NGF (GK-6, loop 1; GK-2, loop 4) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF (GSB-214, loop 1; GTS-201, loop 2; GSB-106, loop 4) were designed and synthesized. All the mimetics of NGF and BDNF in vitro after a 5–180 min incubation in a HT-22 cell culture were able to phosphorylate the tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) or B (TrkB) receptors, respectively, but had different post-receptor signaling patterns. In the present study, we conduct comparative research of the antidepressant-like activity of these mimetics at acute and subchronic administration in the forced swim test in mice. Only the dipeptide GSB-106 that in vitro activates mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and phospholipase C-gamma (PLCγ) post-receptor pathways exhibited antidepressant-like activity (0.1 and 1.0 mg/kg, ip) at acute administration. At the same time, the inhibition of any one of these signaling pathways completely prevented the antidepressant-like effects of GSB-106 in the forced swim test. All the NGF mimetics were inactive after a single injection regardless of post-receptor in vitro signaling patterns. All the investigated dipeptides, except GTS-201, not activating PI3K/AKT in vitro unlike the other compounds, were active at subchronic administration. The data obtained demonstrate that the low-molecular weight BDNF mimetic GSB-106 that activates all three main post-receptor TrkB signaling pathways is the most promising for the development as an antidepressant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armen G. Mezhlumyan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.M.); (A.V.T.); (P.Y.P.); (A.V.T.); (N.M.S.)
| | - Anna V. Tallerova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.M.); (A.V.T.); (P.Y.P.); (A.V.T.); (N.M.S.)
| | - Polina Y. Povarnina
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.M.); (A.V.T.); (P.Y.P.); (A.V.T.); (N.M.S.)
| | - Aleksey V. Tarasiuk
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.M.); (A.V.T.); (P.Y.P.); (A.V.T.); (N.M.S.)
| | - Nellya M. Sazonova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.M.); (A.V.T.); (P.Y.P.); (A.V.T.); (N.M.S.)
| | - Tatiana A. Gudasheva
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.M.); (A.V.T.); (P.Y.P.); (A.V.T.); (N.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergey B. Seredenin
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, 25315 Moscow, Russia;
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