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Cabezudo I, L E Furlan R. Thin layer chromatography assay to detect laccase inhibitors. Food Chem 2024; 460:140583. [PMID: 39089026 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) hyphenated to bioassays is a modern tool used for discovery of biologically active compounds from complex mixtures. The first bioautographic assay for detecting laccase inhibitors on a TLC plate was developed in this study. The on-plate reaction of laccase with colourless ABTS that renders the blue ABTS∙+ radical was optimised. Combination of the enzymatic TLC-assay with a control TLC-assay, wherein ABTS∙+ radical is chemically generated and then applied on the TLC, allowed to differentiate between the pure laccase inhibitor sodium azide and radical scavengers such as gallic and kojic acids. The limit of detection and quantification for the method were 54.9 and 166 ng of sodium azide respectively. The methodology was applied successfully to a recently discovered laccase inhibitor chemotype: hydrazones. A model hydrazone was compared with several hydrazones synthesized for this study. For the first time, laccase inhibitors separated on a TLC plate can be detected individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Cabezudo
- Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Ricardo L E Furlan
- Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
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Visarut B, Khwanlada K, Sornkanok V, Asma B, Kittipong S, Vu TY, Huynh KLV, Le B, Nguyen HT, Do KM, Dang SV, Nguyen HM. Some Antioxidant Properties of Components from The Flower of Ochna integerrima and Their Beneficial Effects on HaCaT Keratinocytes and In Silico Analysis on Tyrosinase. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100882. [PMID: 35146904 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Four compounds, luteolin ( 1 ), 6- γ , γ -Dimethylallylquercetin 7- O - β -ᴅ-glucopyranoside ( 2 ), 6- γ , γ -Dimethylallylkaempferol 7- O - β -ᴅ-gluco-pyranoside ( 3 ), and 6- γ , γ -Dimethylallyldihydrokaempferol 7- O - β -ᴅ-glucoside ( 4 ), were isolated for the first time from EtOAc extract of the O. integerrima flower. We then evaluated the antioxidant effects of EtOAc, n -butanol, and MeOH extracts and their effects on H 2 O 2 against oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocyte cell lines. Furthermore, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH · ) radical scavenging activities of 1 - 4 were determined and their mechanisms of action on tyrosinase were predicted by in silico studies. The results revealed that the EtOAc extract and 1 - 3 exhibited good DPPH˙radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, this extract also had a significant protective effect against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells. In silico studies indicated that the activity of 1 - 3 may be due to tyrosinase inhibition with MM-GBSA free binding energies of -78.9, -70.1, -71.1 kcal mol -1 , respectively, compared to 4 with an energy -56.9 kcal mol -1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Buranasudja Visarut
- Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, department of pharmacology and physiology; Natural products for aging and Chronic diseases Research unit, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand, Bangkok, THAILAND
| | - Kobtrakul Khwanlada
- Chulalongkorn University, pharmacognosy and pharmaceutical botany, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand, Bangkok, THAILAND
| | - Vimolmangkang Sornkanok
- Chulalongkorn University, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand, Bangkok, THAILAND
| | - Binalee Asma
- Chulalongkorn University, herbal phytochemical testing laboratory center, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand, Bangkok, THAILAND
| | - Sanookpan Kittipong
- Chulalongkorn University, Nabsolute, Co., Ltd., Bangkok, 10330, Thailand, Bangkok, THAILAND
| | - Thien-Y Vu
- Ton Duc Thang University Faculty of Pharmacy, faculty of Pharmacy, 19, Nguyen Huu Tho, Ho Chi Minh, VIET NAM
| | - Kim Long Vu Huynh
- Ton Duc Thang University Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 19-Nguyen Huu Tho, Ho Chi Minh, VIET NAM
| | - Bao Le
- Ton Duc Thang University Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 19-Nguyen Huu Tho, Ho Chi Minh, VIET NAM
| | - Huy Truong Nguyen
- Ton Duc Thang University Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 19-Nguyen Huu Tho, Ho Chi Minh, VIET NAM
| | - Kiep Minh Do
- Toyama University - Sugitani Campus: Toyama Daigaku - Sugitani Campus, institute Natural medicine, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan, Toyama, JAPAN
| | - Son Van Dang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, institute of tropical biology, 85 Tran Quoc Toan, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh, VIET NAM
| | - Hien Minh Nguyen
- Ton Duc Thang University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho, 700000, Ho Chi Minh, VIET NAM
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Choi J, Neupane T, Baral R, Jee JG. Hydroxamic Acid as a Potent Metal-Binding Group for Inhibiting Tyrosinase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020280. [PMID: 35204163 PMCID: PMC8868331 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase, a metalloenzyme containing a dicopper cofactor, plays a central role in synthesizing melanin from tyrosine. Many studies have aimed to identify small-molecule inhibitors of tyrosinase for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural purposes. In this study, we report that hydroxamic acid is a potent metal-binding group for interacting with dicopper atoms, thereby inhibiting tyrosinase. Hydroxamate-containing molecules, including anticancer drugs targeting histone deacetylase, vorinostat and panobinostat, significantly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase, with inhibitory constants in the submicromolar range. Of the tested molecules, benzohydroxamic acid was the most potent. Its inhibitory constant of 7 nM indicates that benzohydroxamic acid is one of the most potent tyrosinase inhibitors. Results from differential scanning fluorimetry revealed that direct binding mediates inhibition. The enzyme kinetics were studied to assess the inhibitory mechanism of the hydroxamate-containing molecules. Experiments with B16F10 cell lysates confirmed that the new inhibitors are inhibitory against mammalian tyrosinase. Docking simulation data revealed intermolecular contacts between hydroxamate-containing molecules and tyrosinase.
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