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Guan Q, Gao Z, Chen Y, Guo C, Chen Y, Sun H. Structural modification strategies of triazoles in anticancer drug development. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116578. [PMID: 38889607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The triazole functional group plays a pivotal role in the composition of biomolecules with potent anticancer activities, including numerous clinically approved drugs. The strategic utilization of the triazole fragment in the rational modification of lead compounds has demonstrated its ability to improve anticancer activities, enhance selectivity, optimize pharmacokinetic properties, and overcome resistance. There has been significant interest in triazole-containing hybrids in recent years due to their remarkable anticancer potential. However, previous reviews on triazoles in cancer treatment have failed to provide tailored design strategies specific to these compounds. Herein, we present an overview of design strategies encompassing a structure-modification approach for incorporating triazoles into hybrid molecules. This review offers valuable references and briefly introduces the synthesis of triazole derivatives, thereby paving the way for further research and advancements in the field of effective and targeted anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Guan
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziming Gao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Guo
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
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Trawally M, Demir-Yazıcı K, Angeli A, Kaya K, Akdemir A, Supuran CT, Güzel-Akdemir Ö. Thiosemicarbazone-benzenesulfonamide Derivatives as Human Carbonic Anhydrases Inhibitors: Synthesis, Characterization, and In silico Studies. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:649-667. [PMID: 38367264 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206290722240125112447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are widespread metalloenzymes with the core function of catalyzing the interconversion of CO2 and HCO3 -. Targeting these enzymes using selective inhibitors has emerged as a promising approach for the development of novel therapeutic agents against multiple diseases. METHODS A series of novel thiosemicarbazone-containing derivatives were synthesized, characterized, and tested for their inhibitory activity against pharmaceutically important human CA I (hCA I), II (hCA II), IX (hCA IX), and XII (hCA XII) using the single tail approach. RESULTS The compounds generally inhibited the isoenzymes at low nanomolar concentrations, with compound 6b having Ki values of 7.16, 0.31, 92.5, and 375 nM against hCA I, II, IX and XII, respectively. Compound 6e exhibited Ki values of 27.6, 0.34, 872, and 94.5 nM against hCA I, II, IX and XII, respectively. CONCLUSION To rationalize the inhibition data, molecular docking studies were conducted, providing insight into the binding mechanisms, molecular interactions, and selectivity of the compounds towards the isoenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Trawally
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Kübra Demir-Yazıcı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Kerem Kaya
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Atilla Akdemir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Özlen Güzel-Akdemir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Ghouse SM, Sinha K, Bonardi A, Pawar G, Malasala S, Danaboina S, Mohammed A, Yaddanapudi VM, Supuran CT, Nanduri S. 6-Aminocoumarin oxime-ether/sulfonamides as selective hCA IX and XII inhibitors: Synthesis, evaluation, and molecular dynamics studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300316. [PMID: 37495909 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase isoforms IX and XII are overexpressed in hypoxic tumor cells regulating various physiological processes such as cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, resulting in the onset and spread of cancer. Selective inhibition of these enzymes is a promising strategy for anticancer therapy. Coumarin derivatives were identified as selective and potent inhibitors of these isoforms. This study reports 6-aminocoumarin sulfonamide and oxime ether derivatives linked through a chloroacetyl moiety tethered to piperazine and piperidone, respectively, showing selective inhibition against human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) IX and XII with Ki ranging from 0.51 to 1.18 µM and 0.89-4.43 µM. While the sulfonamide derivative 8a exhibited submicromolar inhibition against hCA IX and XII with Ki 0.89 and 0.51 µM, the oxime ether derivatives showed lower activity than the sulfonamides, with the compound 5n inhibiting hCA IX and hCA XII with a Ki of 1.055 and 0.70 µM, respectively. The above results demonstrate the potential of these derivatives as selective, potent inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase IX and XII and provide a foundation for further optimization and development as effective anticancer agents. Further, the binding mode of the synthesized derivatives in the active site were examined using molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaik Mahammad Ghouse
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Kareena Sinha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Gaurav Pawar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Satyaveni Malasala
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Srikanth Danaboina
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Arifuddin Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Directorate of Distance Education, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Venkata M Yaddanapudi
- Department of Chemistry, Directorate of Distance Education, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Srinivas Nanduri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
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Supuran CT. Progress of Section "Biochemistry" in 2022. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065873. [PMID: 36982946 PMCID: PMC10056791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Of more than 16,400 papers published in 2022 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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Giovannuzzi S, Capasso C, Nocentini A, Supuran CT. Continued Structural Exploration of Sulfocoumarin as Selective Inhibitor of Tumor-Associated Human Carbonic Anhydrases IX and XII. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134076. [PMID: 35807318 PMCID: PMC9267968 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of new 3- and 7-substituted sulfocoumarins was obtained by several cyclization reactions and subsequent derivatization for screening as prodrug inhibitors of the human (h) cancer-associated carbonic anhydrases (CAs) IX and XII. All products were ineffective inhibitors against the off-target hCA I and II, whilst hCAs IX and XII were inhibited with inhibition constants (KIs) spanning from low nanomolar to the high micromolar range, according to the sulfocoumarin derivatization pattern. In particular, sulfocoumarin 15 turned out to be the most potent and selective inhibitor herein reported (hCA I and II: KI > 100 µM; hCA IX: KI = 22.9 nM; hCA XII: KI = 19.2 nM). Considering that hCA IX and XII validated anti-tumor targets, such prodrug, isoform-selective inhibitors as the sulfocoumarins reported here may be useful for identifying suitable drug candidates for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Giovannuzzi
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (C.T.S.)
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Nerella SG, Singh P, Arifuddin M, Supuran CT. Anticancer carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: a patent and literature update 2018-2022. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2022; 32:833-847. [PMID: 35616541 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2083502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer affects an increasing number of patients each year with an unacceptable death toll worldwide. A new therapeutic approach to combat tumors consists in targeting human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms IX and XII, which are tumor-associated, overexpressed enzymes in hypoxic tumors, being involved in metabolism, pH regulation, ferroptosis and overall tumor progression. AREAS COVERED Small molecule hCA IX/XII and antibody drug conjugate inhibitors targeting the two enzymes and their applications in the management of cancer are discussed. EXPERT OPINION The available 3D crystal structures of hCA IX, XII as well as the off target isoforms hCA I and II, afforded structure-based drug design opportunities, which led to the development of various isoform-selective small molecule inhibitors belonging to diverse classes (sulfonamides, sulfamates, benzoxaboroles, selenols, coumarins, sulfocoumarins and isocoumarins). Many patents focused on small inhibitors containing sulfonamide/ sulfamate/sulfamide derivatives as well as hybrids incorporating sulfonamides and different antitumor chemotypes, such as cytotoxic drugs, kinase/telomerase inhibitors, P-gp and thioredoxin inhibitors. The most investigated candidate belonging to the class is the sulfonamide SLC-0111, in Phase Ib/II clinical trials for the management of advanced, metastatic solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Goud Nerella
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (NI & IR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560 029, India.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Priti Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Mohammed Arifuddin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India.,Department of Chemistry, Directorate of Distance Education, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, T.S.India
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Dept., Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
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Kciuk M, Gielecińska A, Mujwar S, Mojzych M, Marciniak B, Drozda R, Kontek R. Targeting carbonic anhydrase IX and XII isoforms with small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1278-1298. [PMID: 35506234 PMCID: PMC9090362 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2052868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases IX and CAXII (CAIX/CAXII) are transmembrane zinc metalloproteins that catalyze a very basic but crucial physiological reaction: the conversion of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate with a release of the proton. CA, especially CAIX and CAXII isoforms gained the attention of many researchers interested in anticancer drug design due to pivotal functions of enzymes in the cancer cell metastasis and response to hypoxia, and their expression restricted to malignant cells. This offers an opportunity to develop new targeted therapies with fewer side effects. Continuous efforts led to the discovery of a series of diverse compounds with the most abundant sulphonamide derivatives. Here we review current knowledge considering small molecule and antibody-based targeting of CAIX/CAXII in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kciuk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Laboratory of Cytogenetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Adrianna Gielecińska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Laboratory of Cytogenetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
| | - Beata Marciniak
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Laboratory of Cytogenetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał Drozda
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Wl. Bieganski Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Kontek
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Laboratory of Cytogenetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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LncRNA BACE1-AS promotes the progression of osteosarcoma through miR-762/SOX7 axis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5853-5862. [PMID: 35332412 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare malignant primary tumor of mesenchymal origin affecting bone that occurs in adolescents and children. LncRNAs are important regulators of tumorigenesis and development. This study aimed to explore the role and molecular basis of LncRNA BACE1-AS (BACE1 antisense RNA) in OS. METHODS AND RESULTS Through the analysis of differential expressed lncRNAs in OS tissues by GEO database, LncRNA BACE1-AS display a remarkably lower expression. This found can also be observed in both OS tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, using Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell, wound healing and westernblot assays, overexpression LncRNA BACE1-AS remarkably reduce cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities in OS. In addition, LncRNA BACE1-AS is validated as a sponge of miR-762 through the prediction of lncRNASNP. Further, luciferase reporter and RIP assays are conducted to confirm the binding sites between LncRNA BACE1-AS and miR-762. SRY-box transcription factor 7 (SOX7) target to miR-762 and regulated by LncRNA BACE1-AS. Moreover, inhibition of miR-762 attenuate the role of sh-LncRNA BACE1-AS in OS cells, at meanwhile reduce the expression of SOX7. CONCLUSION In this study, LncRNA BACE1-AS regulates proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by miR-762/SOX7 axis, implying that LncRNA BACE1-AS is a potential target for osteosarcoma therapy.
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Angeli A, Kartsev V, Petrou A, Lichitsky B, Komogortsev A, Pinteala M, Geronikaki A, Supuran CT. Pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine Sulfonamides as Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:316. [PMID: 35337114 PMCID: PMC8955975 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) catalyze the essential reaction of CO2 hydration in all living organisms, being actively involved in the regulation of a plethora of patho-/physiological conditions. A series of chromene-based sulfonamides were synthesized and tested as possible CA inhibitors. On the other hand, in microorganisms, the β- and γ- classes are expressed in addition to the α- class, showing substantial structural differences to the human isoforms. In this scenario, not only human but also bacterial CAs are of particular interest as new antibacterial agents with an alternative mechanism of action for fighting the emerging problem of extensive drug resistance afflicting most countries worldwide. Pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine sulfonamides were synthesized using methods of organic chemistry. Their inhibitory activity, assessed against the cytosolic human isoforms hCA I and hCA II, the transmembrane hCA IX and XII, and β- and γ-CAs from three different bacterial strains, was evaluated by a stopped-flow CO2 hydrase assay. Several of the investigated derivatives showed interesting inhibition activity towards the cytosolic associate isoforms hCA I and hCA II, as well as the 3β- and 3γ-CAs. Furthermore, computational procedures were used to investigate the binding mode of this class of compounds within the active site of hCA IX. Four compounds (1f, 1g, 1h and 1k) were more potent than AAZ against hCA I. Furthermore, compound 1f also showed better activity than AAZ against the hCA II isoform. Moreover, ten compounds out of eleven appeared to be very potent against the γ-CA from E.coli, with a Ki much lower than that of the reference drug. Most of the compounds showed better activity than AAZ against hCA I as well as the γ-CA from E.coli and the β-CA from Burkholderia pseudomallei (BpsCAβ). Compounds 1f and 1k showed a good selectivity index against hCA I and hCA XII, while 1b was selective against all 3β-CA isoforms from E.coli, BpsCA, and VhCA and all 3γ-CA isoforms from E.coli, BpsCA and PgiCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, NeuroFarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica-Voda, no. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | | | - Anthi Petrou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Boris Lichitsky
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (B.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Andrey Komogortsev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (B.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica-Voda, no. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, NeuroFarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
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