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Xia R, Jiang Z, Zhou Y, Pan L, Wang Y, Ma Y, Fan L, Yuan L, Cheng X. Oral microbiota and gastric cancer: recent highlights and knowledge gaps. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2391640. [PMID: 39161727 PMCID: PMC11332296 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2391640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and has a high mortality rate. However, tests for the early screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer are limited and invasive. Certain oral microorganisms are over-expressed in gastric cancer, but there is heterogeneity among different studies. Notably, each oral ecological niche harbors specific microorganisms. Among them, tongue coating, saliva, and dental plaque are important and unique ecological niches in the oral cavity. The colonization environment in different oral niches may be a source of heterogeneity. In this paper, we systematically discuss the latest developments in the field of the oral microbiota and gastric cancer and elucidate the enrichment of microorganisms in the oral ecological niches of the tongue coatings, saliva, and dental plaque in gastric cancer patients. The various potential mechanisms by which the oral microbiota induces gastric cancer (activation of an excessive inflammatory response; promotion of proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis; and secretion of carcinogens, leading to imbalance in gastric microbial communities) are explored. In this paper, we also highlight the applications of the rapeutics targeting the oral microbiota in gastric cancer and suggests future research directions related to the relationship between the oral microbiota and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihong Xia
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengchen Jiang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Libin Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yubo Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Fan
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangdong Cheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Sui C, Wu H, Li X, Wang Y, Wei J, Yu J, Wu X. Cancer immunotherapy and its facilitation by nanomedicine. Biomark Res 2024; 12:77. [PMID: 39097732 PMCID: PMC11297660 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00625-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has sparked a wave of cancer research, driven by recent successful proof-of-concept clinical trials. However, barriers are emerging during its rapid development, including broad adverse effects, a lack of reliable biomarkers, tumor relapses, and drug resistance. Integration of nanomedicine may ameliorate current cancer immunotherapy. Ultra-large surface-to-volume ratio, extremely small size, and easy modification surface of nanoparticles enable them to selectively detect cells and kill cancer cells in vivo. Exciting synergistic applications of the two approaches have emerged in treating various cancers at the intersection of cancer immunotherapy and cancer nanomedicine, indicating the potential that the combination of these two therapeutic modalities can lead to new paradigms in the treatment of cancer. This review discusses the status of current immunotherapy and explores the possible opportunities that the nanomedicine platform can make cancer immunotherapy more powerful and precise by synergizing the two approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sui
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Heqing Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA.
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 91010, USA.
| | - Xiaojin Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China.
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Muñoz-Medel M, Pinto MP, Goralsky L, Cáceres M, Villarroel-Espíndola F, Manque P, Pinto A, Garcia-Bloj B, de Mayo T, Godoy JA, Garrido M, Retamal IN. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bridge between oral health and immune evasion in gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1403089. [PMID: 38807771 PMCID: PMC11130407 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1403089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a gram-negative oral pathogen associated with chronic periodontitis. Previous studies have linked poor oral health and periodontitis with oral cancer. Severe cases of periodontal disease can result in advanced periodontitis, leading to tissue degradation, tooth loss, and may also correlate with higher gastric cancer (GC) risk. In fact, tooth loss is associated with an elevated risk of cancer. However, the clinical evidence for this association remains inconclusive. Periodontitis is also characterized by chronic inflammation and upregulation of members of the Programmed Death 1/PD1 Ligand 1 (PD1/PDL1) axis that leads to an immunosuppressive state. Given that chronic inflammation and immunosuppression are conditions that facilitate cancer progression and carcinogenesis, we hypothesize that oral P. gingivalis and/or its virulence factors serve as a mechanistic link between oral health and gastric carcinogenesis/GC progression. We also discuss the potential impact of P. gingivalis' virulence factors (gingipains, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and fimbriae) on inflammation and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in GC which are part of the current standard of care for advanced stage patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Muñoz-Medel
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio P. Pinto
- Support Team for Oncological Research and Medicine (STORM), Santiago, Chile
| | - Lauren Goralsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mónica Cáceres
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Patricio Manque
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Pinto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Benjamin Garcia-Bloj
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomas de Mayo
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan A. Godoy
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Garrido
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio N. Retamal
- Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Zhang J, Fang Z, Dong H, Liu Y, Chu Z, Mou Y, Jin W. MnFe@N-CNTs Based Lactate Biomicrochips for Nonintrusive and Onsite Periodontitis Diagnosis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38593051 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In clinical settings, saliva has been established as a straightforward, noninvasive medium for diagnosing periodontitis. However, the precise diagnosis is often hampered by the absence of a specialized analyzer capable of detecting low concentrations of biomarkers typically found in saliva. In this study, we present a noninvasive, on-site screen-printed biomicrochip specifically engineered for the precise and sensitive quantification of lactate concentrations in saliva, a critical biomarker in the diagnosis of periodontitis. The microchip is constructed using a nanostructured ink formulation that includes MnFe@N-doped carbon nanotubes (MnFe@N-CNTs). These MnFe@N-CNTs exhibit a high degree of graphitization and low electrical resistance, significantly augmenting the electrocatalytic efficiency of the enzymatic reaction of lactate. This results in doubled sensitivity and a detection limit that surpasses those of the current advanced salivary assay methods. Remarkably, within just 30 s, the biomicrochip can quantitatively and precisely measure lactate concentrations in the saliva of 10 patients, which provides valuable insights into the severity of their periodontitis. This biosensor holds excellent potential for large-scale production and could broaden the scope of biomarker recognition, paving the way for the analysis of a wider range of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(S), Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zishuo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(S), Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Heng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(S), Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(S), Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(S), Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
| | - Wanqin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(S), Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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Kaliamoorthy S, Priya Sayeeram S, Gowdhaman N, Jayaraj M, Radhika B, Chellapandi S, Elumalai A, Archana SP, Raju K, Palla S. Association of Periodontal Red Complex Bacteria With the Incidence of Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e59251. [PMID: 38813341 PMCID: PMC11134483 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is the primary microbe in the "periodontal red complex" bacteria (PRCB) along with Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola, which are linked to periodontal disease (PD). These pathogens are also implicated in various systemic disorders, but their association with the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is less explored. A systematic review followed by a meta-analysis was conducted as per standard guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2022) to find this association between GI cancers and PRCB after a literature search for full-text papers in the English language (between 2010 and 2023) in databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science) with suitable keywords using the Boolean search strategy. Data extraction involved titles, abstracts, and full texts retrieved and scored by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The data were analyzed by the Review Manager (RevMan 5.2, Cochrane Collaboration, Denmark). Standard Cochran Q test and I2 statistics (for heterogeneity) and a random effects model (pooled OR with 95% CI) were applied to report results. P. gingivalis among the PRCB was linked to GI cancers (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.34-3.47). T. forsythia and T. denticola did not show meaningful associations as per existing evidence for GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Kaliamoorthy
- Department of Dentistry, Vinayaka Missions Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Karaikal, IND
| | - Sugantha Priya Sayeeram
- Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Pudukkottai, IND
| | - N Gowdhaman
- Departmentof Physiology, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Perambalur, IND
| | - Merlin Jayaraj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, IND
| | - B Radhika
- Department of Periodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sugirtha Chellapandi
- Department of Periodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, IND
| | - Agila Elumalai
- Department of Periodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sai P Archana
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, IND
| | - Kanmani Raju
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, IND
| | - Santosh Palla
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sun Dental Care, Chennai, IND
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Shen MT, Shahin B, Chen Z, Adami GR. Unexpected lower level of oral periodontal pathogens in patients with high numbers of systemic diseases. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15502. [PMID: 37465146 PMCID: PMC10351517 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is associated with systemic conditions such as diabetes, arthritis, and cardiovascular disease, all diseases with large inflammatory components. Some, but not all, reports show periopathogens Porphyromonas gingivialis and Tannerella forsythia at higher levels orally in people with one of these chronic diseases and in people with more severe cases. These oral pathogens are thought to be positively associated with systemic inflammatory diseases through induction of oral inflammation that works to distort systemic inflammation or by directly inducing inflammation at distal sites in the body. This study aimed to determine if, among patients with severe periodontal disease, those with multi-morbidity (or many chronic diseases) showed higher levels of periodontal pathogens. Methods A total of 201 adult subjects, including 84 with severe periodontal disease were recruited between 1/2017 and 6/2019 at a city dental clinic. Electronic charts supplied self-reported diseases and conditions which informed a morbidity index based on the number of chronic diseases and conditions present. Salivary composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results As expected, patients with severe periodontal disease showed higher levels of periodontal pathogens in their saliva. Also, those with severe periodontal disease showed higher levels of multiple chronic diseases (multimorbidity). An examination of the 84 patients with severe periodontal disease revealed some subjects despite being of advanced age were free or nearly free of systemic disease. Surprisingly, the salivary microbiota of the least healthy of these 84 subjects, defined here as those with maximal multimorbidity, showed significantly lower relative numbers of periodontal pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella Forsythia, after controlling for active caries, tobacco usage, age, and gender. Analysis of a control group with none to moderate periodontal disease revealed no association of multimorbidity or numbers of medications used and specific oral bacteria, indicating the importance of severe periodontal disease as a variable of interest. Conclusion The hypothesis that periodontal disease patients with higher levels of multimorbidity would have higher levels of oral periodontal pathogens is false. Multimorbidity is associated with a reduced relative number of periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Shen
- Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Betti Shahin
- Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Zhengjia Chen
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Biostatistics Shared Resource Core, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Guy R Adami
- Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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Song G, Peng G, Zhang J, Song B, Yang J, Xie X, Gou S, Zhang J, Yang G, Chi H, Tian G. Uncovering the potential role of oxidative stress in the development of periodontitis and establishing a stable diagnostic model via combining single-cell and machine learning analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1181467. [PMID: 37475857 PMCID: PMC10355807 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The primary pathogenic cause of tooth loss in adults is periodontitis, although few reliable diagnostic methods are available in the early stages. One pathological factor that defines periodontitis pathology has previously been believed to be the equilibrium between inflammatory defense mechanisms and oxidative stress. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a model of oxidative stress-related periodontitis diagnostic markers through machine learning and bioinformatic analysis. Methods We used LASSO, SVM-RFE, and Random Forest techniques to screen for periodontitis-related oxidative stress variables and construct a diagnostic model by logistic regression, followed by a biological approach to build a Protein-Protein interaction network (PPI) based on modelled genes while using modelled genes. Unsupervised clustering analysis was performed to screen for oxidative stress subtypes of periodontitis. we used WGCNA to explore the pathways correlated with oxidative stress in periodontitis patients. Networks. Finally, we used single-cell data to screen the cellular subpopulations with the highest correlation by scoring oxidative stress genes and performed a proposed temporal analysis of the subpopulations. Results We discovered 3 periodontitis-associated genes (CASP3, IL-1β, and TXN). A characteristic line graph based on these genes can be helpful for patients. The primary hub gene screened by the PPI was constructed, where immune-related and cellular metabolism-related pathways were significantly enriched. Consistent clustering analysis found two oxidative stress categories, with the C2 subtype showing higher immune cell infiltration and immune function ratings. Therefore, we hypothesized that the high expression of oxidative stress genes was correlated with the formation of the immune environment in patients with periodontitis. Using the WGCNA approach, we examined the co-expressed gene modules related to the various subtypes of oxidative stress. Finally, we selected monocytes for mimetic time series analysis and analyzed the expression changes of oxidative stress genes with the mimetic time series axis, in which the expression of JUN, TXN, and IL-1β differed with the change of cell status. Conclusion This study identifies a diagnostic model of 3-OSRGs from which patients can benefit and explores the importance of oxidative stress genes in building an immune environment in patients with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Song
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Gaoge Peng
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinhao Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Binyu Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jinyan Yang
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xixi Xie
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Siqi Gou
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, The University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, United States
| | - Guanhu Yang
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Hao Chi
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Yin C, Yan B. Machine learning in basic scientific research on oral diseases. DIGITAL MEDICINE 2023; 9. [DOI: 10.1097/dm-2023-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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9
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Leija-Montoya AG, González-Ramírez J, Serafín-Higuera I, Sandoval-Basilio J, Isiordia-Espinoza M, Serafín-Higuera N. Emerging avenues linking myeloid-derived suppressor cells to periodontal disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 375:165-189. [PMID: 36967152 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease is one of the most common inflammatory disorders in humans. Gingivitis is the mildest form of periodontal disease and its progression can lead to periodontitis, an inflammatory disease characterized by soft tissue damage that can lead to progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Diverse populations of immune cells are involved in periodontal disease. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent a heterogeneous group of immature myeloid cells derived from hematopoietic precursor cells and exhibit T cell immunosuppressive functions that are thought to be involved in periodontal disease. Therefore, MDSCs have been recently analyzed in the context of this disease. In this review, we discuss the most recent advances in the characterization of the biological aspects, subpopulations, and traffic of MDSCs, as well as their immunosuppressive and osteoclastogenic activity in the context of periodontal disease and in the presence of key periodontal pathogens.
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10
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Sankar S, Sankar Ganesh P, Dhakshinamoorthy V. Malignant odontogenic tumors: epigenetics in disease and therapy. Acta Odontol Scand 2023; 81:93-97. [PMID: 35776509 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2022.2092649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Sankar
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Vasanth Dhakshinamoorthy
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, India
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Kudra A, Muszyński D, Sobocki BK, Atzeni A, Carbone L, Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka K, Połom K, Kalinowski L. Insights into oral microbiome and colorectal cancer - on the way of searching new perspectives. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1159822. [PMID: 37124035 PMCID: PMC10130407 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1159822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome is a keystone polymicrobial community that coexist with human body in a beneficial relationship. These microorganisms enable the human body to maintain homeostasis and take part in mechanisms of defense against infection and in the absorption of nutrients. Even though microbiome is involved in physiologic processes that are beneficial to host health, it may also cause serious detrimental issues. Additionally, it has been proven that bacteria can migrate to other human body compartments and colonize them even although significant structural differences with the area of origin exist. Such migrations have been clearly observed when the causes of genesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been investigated. It has been demonstrated that the oral microbiome is capable of penetrating into the large intestine and cause impairments leading to dysbiosis and stimulation of cancerogenic processes. The main actors of such events seem to be oral pathogenic bacteria belonging to the red and orange complex (regarding classification of bacteria in the context of periodontal diseases), such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum respectively, which are characterized by significant amount of cancerogenic virulence factors. Further examination of oral microbiome and its impact on CRC may be crucial on early detection of this disease and would allow its use as a precise non-invasive biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kudra
- Scientific Circle of Studies Regarding Personalized Medicine Associated with Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Damian Muszyński
- Scientific Circle of Studies Regarding Personalized Medicine Associated with Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kamil Sobocki
- Scientific Circle of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alessandro Atzeni
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ludovico Carbone
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics – Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka,
| | - Karol Połom
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics – Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- BioTechMed Centre, Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
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12
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Peripheral mononuclear cells composition in platelet-rich fibrin in canines with chronic conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17426. [PMID: 36261500 PMCID: PMC9582024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a hot research topic because of its regenerative effect in humans. However, data reporting about its application in companion animals is lacking. The study aimed to supplement currently available data on PRF cell composition in canine patients by isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), namely T cells, matured B cells, monocytes and macrophages, and adapting current protocols of cell flow cytometry for PRF analysis. The canine patient population was divided into three subgroups: animals with periodontitis only, animals with neoplasia and periodontitis, and healthy controls. Individual clinical parameters of the patients and evaluation of the wound healing quality were included in the research. In the present study, canine PRF cell composition was analyzed for the first-time using cell flow cytometry protocol. A higher proportion of PBMC cells related to wound healing (CD3+, CD3+ CD4+ CD8-, CD14+) were found in the PRF of control, periodontitis and neoplasia groups compared to the respective blood samples, which implies a positive outcome associated with clinical PRF usage in canine patients. Proportions of monocytes and macrophages were higher in PRF samples compared to the blood of healthy patients and periodontitis-affected patients. However, inflammatory and neoplastic processes do not affect the distribution of PBMC.
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Li Y, Sun S, Wen C, Zhong J, Jiang Q. Effect of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF on human calvarial osteoblast apoptosis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:279. [PMID: 35804353 PMCID: PMC9264677 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterococcus faecalis is a dominant pathogen in the root canals of teeth with persistent apical periodontitis (PAP), and osteoblast apoptosis contributes to imbalanced bone remodelling in PAP. Here, we investigated the effect of E. faecalis OG1RF on apoptosis in primary human calvarial osteoblasts. Specifically, the expression of apoptosis-related genes and the role of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members of the BCL-2 family were examined. Methods Primary human calvarial osteoblasts were incubated with E. faecalis OG1RF at multiplicities of infection corresponding to infection time points. Flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay, caspase-3/-8/-9 activity assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array, and quantitative real-time PCR were used to assess osteoblast apoptosis. Results E. faecalis infection increased the number of early- and late-phase apoptotic cells and TUNEL-positive cells, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and activated the caspase-3/-8/-9 pathway. Moreover, of all 84 apoptosis-related genes in the PCR array, the expression of 16 genes was upregulated and that of four genes was downregulated in the infected osteoblasts. Notably, the mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2 was downregulated, whereas that of the pro-apoptotic BCL2L11, HRK, BIK, BMF, NOXA, and BECN1 and anti-apoptotic BCL2A1 was upregulated. Conclusions E. faecalis OG1RF infection triggered apoptosis in human calvarial osteoblasts, and BCL-2 family members acted as regulators of osteoblast apoptosis. Therefore, BCL-2 family members may act as potential therapeutic targets for persistent apical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Shuyu Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Jialin Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China.
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14
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Devaraja K, Kabekkodu SP. Oral microbiome; a potential game-changer in the management of oral cancer? Oral Oncol 2022; 127:105822. [PMID: 35290832 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Dolińska E, Milewski R, Pietruska MJ, Gumińska K, Prysak N, Tarasewicz T, Janica M, Pietruska M. Periodontitis-Related Knowledge and Its Relationship with Oral Health Behavior among Adult Patients Seeking Professional Periodontal Care. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061517. [PMID: 35329843 PMCID: PMC8949077 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that not only damages the stomatognathic system, but may also adversely influence other systems and organs. Patients with low oral health literacy levels are more prone to gingivitis/periodontitis and have a more severe disease course. Methods: A written questionnaire was carried out to assess the knowledge of patients of the Outpatient Clinic of Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland. The questions concerned knowledge regarding the causes of periodontal disease, its risk factors, and the connection between periodontal disease and general health status. To analyze the population, patients were divided according to gender, age and if they were first-time or regular outpatients. Results: Written questionnaires were completed by a total of 302 patients. In the studied population, we noted knowledge deficits, particularly related to weaker periodontal disease risk factors (stress, diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity) and the genetic factor, which is the determinant of periodontitis. The patients’ awareness of the role of plaque bacteria and the effect of smoking on the periodontium was at a relatively high level. The respondents were also aware of the impact of periodontal disease on general health as well as the role of oral hygiene in preventing the disease. At the same time, few of them (26%) used interdental brushes or an irrigator (8%). Conclusions: We demonstrated that patients have an insufficient level of knowledge related to risk factors as well as the prevention of periodontal disease. Awareness of the extent of oral health literacy among patients will help to identify key issues connected with health education interventions
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Dolińska
- Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-59-05
| | - Robert Milewski
- Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Maria Julia Pietruska
- Student’s Research Group, Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.J.P.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Katarzyna Gumińska
- Student’s Research Group, Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.J.P.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Natalia Prysak
- Student’s Research Group, Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.J.P.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Tomasz Tarasewicz
- Student’s Research Group, Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.J.P.); (K.G.); (N.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Maciej Janica
- Student’s Research Group, Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Pietruska
- Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
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Starzyńska A, Wychowański P, Nowak M, Sobocki BK, Jereczek-Fossa BA, Słupecka-Ziemilska M. Association between Maternal Periodontitis and Development of Systematic Diseases in Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2473. [PMID: 35269617 PMCID: PMC8910384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is one of the most common oral conditions affecting both youths and adults. There are some research works suggesting a high incidence of PD in pregnant women. As an inflammatory disease of bacterial origin, PD may result in the activation of the pathways affecting the course and the pregnancy outcome. The authors, based on the literature review, try to answer the PICO question: Does maternal periodontitis (exposure) influence the incidence of complications rates in pregnancy and the development of systemic diseases in childhood and adult offspring (outcome) in the humans of any race (population) compared to the offspring of mothers with healthy periodontium (comparison)? The authors try to describe the molecular pathways and mechanisms of these interdependencies. There is some evidence that maternal periodontitis may affect the pregnancy course and outcome, resulting in preeclampsia, preterm delivery, vulvovaginitis and low birth weight. It can be suggested that maternal periodontitis may affect offspring epigenome and result in some health consequences in their adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Starzyńska
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki Street, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Piotr Wychowański
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 6 Binieckiego Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Specialized Private Implantology Clinic Wychowanski Stomatologia, 9/33 Rakowiecka Street, 02-517 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Nowak
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 6 Binieckiego Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Bartosz Kamil Sobocki
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 7 Dębinki Street, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 7 Festa del Perdono Street, 20-112 Milan, Italy;
- Division of Radiotherapy, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 435 Ripamonti Street, 20-141 Milan, Italy
| | - Monika Słupecka-Ziemilska
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
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