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Shi Y, Chen X, Jin H, Zhu L, Hong M, Zhu Y, Wu Y, Qiu H, Wang Y, Sun Q, Jin H, Li J, Qian S, Qiao C. Clinical prognostic value of different NPM1 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia patients. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:2323-2335. [PMID: 38722387 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05786-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with various nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutations are controversial in the prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the prognosis of patients according to types of NPM1 mutations (NPM1mut). METHODS Bone marrow samples of 528 patients newly diagnosed with AML, were collected for morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, and molecular biology examinations. Gene mutations were detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. RESULTS About 25.2% of cases exhibited NPM1mut. 83.5% of cases were type A, while type B and D were respectively account for 2.3% and 3.0%. Furthermore, 15 cases of rare types were identified, of which 2 cases have not been reported. Clinical characteristics were similar between patients with A-type NPM1 mutations (NPM1A - type mut) and non-A-type NPM1 mutations (NPM1non - A-type mut). Event-free survival (EFS) was significantly different between patients with low NPM1non - A-type mut variant allele frequency (VAF) and low NPM1A - type mut VAF (median EFS = 3.9 vs. 8.5 months, P = 0.020). The median overall survival (OS) of the NPM1non - A-type mutFLT3-ITDmut group, the NPM1A - type mutFLT3-ITDmut group, the NPM1non - A-type mutFLT3-ITDwt group, and the NPM1A - type mutFLT3-ITDwt group were 3.9, 10.7, 17.3 and 18.8 months, while the median EFS of the corresponding groups was 1.4, 5.0, 7.6 and 9.2 months (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS No significant difference was observed in OS and EFS between patients with NPM1A - type mut and NPM1non - A-type mut. However, types of NPM1 mutations and the status of FLT3-ITD mutations may jointly have an impact on the prognosis of AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liying Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Hong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hairong Qiu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sixuan Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chun Qiao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Luo Q, Raulston EG, Prado MA, Wu X, Gritsman K, Whalen KS, Yan K, Booth CAG, Xu R, van Galen P, Doench JG, Shimony S, Long HW, Neuberg DS, Paulo JA, Lane AA. Targetable leukaemia dependency on noncanonical PI3Kγ signalling. Nature 2024; 630:198-205. [PMID: 38720074 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase-γ (PI3Kγ) is implicated as a target to repolarize tumour-associated macrophages and promote antitumour immune responses in solid cancers1-4. However, cancer cell-intrinsic roles of PI3Kγ are unclear. Here, by integrating unbiased genome-wide CRISPR interference screening with functional analyses across acute leukaemias, we define a selective dependency on the PI3Kγ complex in a high-risk subset that includes myeloid, lymphoid and dendritic lineages. This dependency is characterized by innate inflammatory signalling and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 (PIK3R5), which encodes a regulatory subunit of PI3Kγ5 and stabilizes the active enzymatic complex. We identify p21 (RAC1)-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) as a noncanonical substrate of PI3Kγ that mediates this cell-intrinsic dependency and find that dephosphorylation of PAK1 by PI3Kγ inhibition impairs mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Treatment with the selective PI3Kγ inhibitor eganelisib is effective in leukaemias with activated PIK3R5. In addition, the combination of eganelisib and cytarabine prolongs survival over either agent alone, even in patient-derived leukaemia xenografts with low baseline PIK3R5 expression, as residual leukaemia cells after cytarabine treatment have elevated G protein-coupled purinergic receptor activity and PAK1 phosphorylation. Together, our study reveals a targetable dependency on PI3Kγ-PAK1 signalling that is amenable to near-term evaluation in patients with acute leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evangeline G Raulston
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miguel A Prado
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kira Gritsman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Karley S Whalen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kezhi Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher A G Booth
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter van Galen
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John G Doench
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shai Shimony
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Hematology, Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Henry W Long
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donna S Neuberg
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew A Lane
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Nopora A, Weidle UH. CircRNAs as New Therapeutic Entities and Tools for Target Identification in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2024; 21:118-136. [PMID: 38423599 PMCID: PMC10905271 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically extremely heterogeneous disease. Drug resistance after induction therapy is a very frequent event resulting in poor medium survival times. Therefore, the identification of new targets and treatment modalities is a medical high priority issue. We addressed our attention to circular RNAs (circRNAs), which can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in AML. We searched the literature (PubMed) and identified eight up-regulated and two down-regulated circ-RNAs with activity in preclinical in vivo models. In addition, we identified twenty-two up-regulated and four down-regulated circRNAs with activity in preclinical in vitro systems, but pending in vivo activity. Up-regulated RNAs are potential targets for si- or shRNA-based approaches, and down-regulated circRNAs can be reconstituted by replacement therapy to achieve a therapeutic benefit in preclinical systems. The up-regulated targets can be tackled with small molecules, antibody-based entities, or other modes of intervention. For down-regulated targets, up-regulators must be identified. The ranking of the identified circRNAs with respect to therapy of AML will depend on further target validation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Nopora
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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4
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Luo Q, Raulston EG, Prado MA, Wu X, Gritsman K, Yan K, Booth CAG, Xu R, van Galen P, Doench JG, Shimony S, Long HW, Neuberg DS, Paulo JA, Lane AA. Targetable leukemia dependency on noncanonical PI3Kγ signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.15.571909. [PMID: 38328043 PMCID: PMC10849582 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.15.571909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) is implicated as a target to repolarize tumor-associated macrophages and promote anti-tumor immune responses in solid cancers. However, cancer cell-intrinsic roles of PI3Kγ are unclear. Here, by integrating unbiased genome-wide CRISPR interference screening with functional analyses across acute leukemias, we define a selective dependency on the PI3Kγ complex in a high-risk subset that includes myeloid, lymphoid, and dendritic lineages. This dependency is characterized by innate inflammatory signaling and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 ( PIK3R5 ), which encodes a regulatory subunit of PI3Kγ and stabilizes the active enzymatic complex. Mechanistically, we identify p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1 (PAK1) as a noncanonical substrate of PI3Kγ that mediates this cell-intrinsic dependency independently of Akt kinase. PI3Kγ inhibition dephosphorylates PAK1, activates a transcriptional network of NFκB-related tumor suppressor genes, and impairs mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. We find that treatment with the selective PI3Kγ inhibitor eganelisib is effective in leukemias with activated PIK3R5 , either at baseline or by exogenous inflammatory stimulation. Notably, the combination of eganelisib and cytarabine prolongs survival over either agent alone, even in patient-derived leukemia xenografts with low baseline PIK3R5 expression, as residual leukemia cells after cytarabine treatment have elevated G protein-coupled purinergic receptor activity and PAK1 phosphorylation. Taken together, our study reveals a targetable dependency on PI3Kγ/PAK1 signaling that is amenable to near-term evaluation in patients with acute leukemia.
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Chen PY, Lin CY, Wu CL, Keak PY, Liou JW, Gao WY, Lin LI, Yen JH. Pinostrobin modulates FOXO3 expression, nuclear localization, and exerts antileukemic effects in AML cells and zebrafish xenografts. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 385:110729. [PMID: 37777166 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease characterized by abnormal cell proliferation in the bone marrow and is the most common quickly progressive leukemia in adults. Pinostrobin, a flavonoid phytochemical, has been reported to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antileukemic effects of pinostrobin and its molecular mechanisms in human AML cells. Our study found that pinostrobin (0-80 μM) significantly reduced the viability of human AML cells, with the pronounced cytotoxic effects observed in MV4-11 > MOLM-13 > HL-60 > U-937 > THP-1 cells. Pinostrobin was found to suppress leukemia cell proliferation, modulate cell cycle progression, promote cell apoptosis, and induce monocytic differentiation in MV4-11 cells. In animal studies, pinostrobin significantly suppressed the growth of leukemia cells in a zebrafish xenograft model. Microarray-based transcriptome analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pinostrobin-treated cells were strongly associated with enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms related to apoptotic process, cell death, cell differentiation, cell cycle progression, and cell division. Combining DisGeNET and STRING database analysis revealed that pinostrobin upregulates forkhead box 3 (FOXO3), a tumor suppressor in cancer development, and plays an essential role in controlling AML cell viability. Our study demonstrated that pinostrobin increases FOXO3 gene expression and promotes its nuclear translocation, leading to the inhibition of cell growth. Finally, the study found that pinostrobin, when combined with cytarabine, synergistically reduces the viability of AML cells. Our current findings shed light on pinostrobin's mechanisms in inhibiting leukemia cell growth, highlighting its potential as a chemotherapeutic agent or nutraceutical supplement for AML prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Chen
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Genetic Counseling Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 970374, Taiwan; Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970374, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yen Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970374, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Wu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Genetic Counseling Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 970374, Taiwan
| | - Pei Ying Keak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970374, Taiwan
| | - Je-Wen Liou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970374, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yun Gao
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970374, Taiwan
| | - Liang-In Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970374, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970374, Taiwan.
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6
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Abdellateif MS, Bayoumi AK, Mohammed MA. c-Kit Receptors as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer: Current Insights. Onco Targets Ther 2023; 16:785-799. [PMID: 37790582 PMCID: PMC10544070 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s404648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
c-Kit is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that has an essential role in various biological functions including gametogenesis, melanogenesis, hematopoiesis, cell survival, and apoptosis. c-KIT aberrations, either overexpression or loss-of-function mutations, have been implicated in the pathogenesis and development of many cancers, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mastocytosis, acute myeloid leukemia, breast, thyroid, and colorectal cancer, making c-KIT an attractive molecular target for the treatment of cancers. Therefore, a lot of effort has been put into investigating the utility of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the management of c-KIT mutated tumors. This review of the literature illustrates the role of c-KIT mutations in many cancers, aiming to provide insights into the role of TKIs as a therapeutic option for cancer patients with c-KIT aberrations. In conclusion, c-KIT is implicated in different types of cancer, and it could be a successful molecular target; however, proper detection of the underlying mutation type is required before starting the appropriate personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona S Abdellateif
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K Bayoumi
- Paediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796, Egypt
- Children’s Cancer Hospital 57357, Cairo, 11617, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Aly Mohammed
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796, Egypt
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7
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Vamvoukaki R, Chrysoulaki M, Betsi G, Xekouki P. Pituitary Tumorigenesis-Implications for Management. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59040812. [PMID: 37109772 PMCID: PMC10145673 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs), the third most common intracranial tumor, are mostly benign. However, some of them may display a more aggressive behavior, invading into the surrounding structures. While they may rarely metastasize, they may resist different treatment modalities. Several major advances in molecular biology in the past few years led to the discovery of the possible mechanisms involved in pituitary tumorigenesis with a possible therapeutic implication. The mutations in the different proteins involved in the Gsa/protein kinase A/c AMP signaling pathway are well-known and are responsible for many PitNETS, such as somatotropinomas and, in the context of syndromes, as the McCune-Albright syndrome, Carney complex, familiar isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA), and X-linked acrogigantism (XLAG). The other pathways involved are the MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, Wnt, and the most recently studied HIPPO pathways. Moreover, the mutations in several other tumor suppressor genes, such as menin and CDKN1B, are responsible for the MEN1 and MEN4 syndromes and succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx) in the context of the 3PAs syndrome. Furthermore, the pituitary stem cells and miRNAs hold an essential role in pituitary tumorigenesis and may represent new molecular targets for their diagnosis and treatment. This review aims to summarize the different cell signaling pathways and genes involved in pituitary tumorigenesis in an attempt to clarify their implications for diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodanthi Vamvoukaki
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, University Hospital of Heraklion, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Chrysoulaki
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, University Hospital of Heraklion, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Crete, Greece
| | - Grigoria Betsi
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, University Hospital of Heraklion, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Crete, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Xekouki
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, University Hospital of Heraklion, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Crete, Greece
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Pessoa FMCDP, Machado CB, Barreto IV, Sampaio GF, Oliveira DDS, Ribeiro RM, Lopes GS, de Moraes MEA, de Moraes Filho MO, de Souza LEB, Khayat AS, Moreira-Nunes CA. Association between Immunophenotypic Parameters and Molecular Alterations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1098. [PMID: 37189716 PMCID: PMC10135936 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy that occurs due to alterations such as genetic mutations, chromosomal translocations, or changes in molecular levels. These alterations can accumulate in stem cells and hematopoietic progenitors, leading to the development of AML, which has a prevalence of 80% of acute leukemias in the adult population. Recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities, in addition to mediating leukemogenesis onset, participate in its evolution and can be used as established diagnostic and prognostic markers. Most of these mutations confer resistance to the traditionally used treatments and, therefore, the aberrant protein products are also considered therapeutic targets. The surface antigens of a cell are characterized through immunophenotyping, which has the ability to identify and differentiate the degrees of maturation and the lineage of the target cell, whether benign or malignant. With this, we seek to establish a relationship according to the molecular aberrations and immunophenotypic alterations that cells with AML present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Melo Cunha de Pinho Pessoa
- Department of Medicine, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
| | - Caio Bezerra Machado
- Department of Medicine, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
| | - Igor Valentim Barreto
- Department of Medicine, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
| | - Giulia Freire Sampaio
- Unichristus University Center, Faculty of Biomedicine, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Germison Silva Lopes
- Department of Hematology, César Cals General Hospital, Fortaleza 60015-152, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes
- Department of Medicine, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes Filho
- Department of Medicine, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
| | - Lucas Eduardo Botelho de Souza
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-900, SP, Brazil
| | - André Salim Khayat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil
| | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Department of Medicine, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
- Unichristus University Center, Faculty of Biomedicine, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil
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