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Martinez KN, Gerstner NC, Yang SJ, Miller EW. Extended voltage imaging in cardiomyocytes with a triplet state quencher-stabilized silicon rhodamine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 109:129842. [PMID: 38844174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Voltage imaging of cardiac electrophysiology with voltage-sensitive dyes has long been a powerful complement to traditional methods like patch-clamp electrophysiology. Chemically synthesized voltage sensitive fluorophores offer flexibility for imaging in sensitive samples like human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), since they do not require genetic transformation of the sample. One serious concern for any fluorescent voltage indicator, whether chemically synthesized or genetically encoded, is phototoxicity. We have been exploring self-healing fluorophores that use triplet state quenchers (TSQs) as a means to reduce the already low phototoxicity of VoltageFluor dyes developed in our lab. We previously showed that conjugation of the TSQ cyclooctatetraene (COT) to a fluorescein based VoltageFluor dye substantially reduced phototoxicity. Here, we show that this approach can be applied to far-red Silicon rhodamine dyes. COT-conjugated Si-rhodamines show improved photostability and reduced phototoxicity in hiPSC-CMs compared to the unmodified dye. This enables imaging of hiPSC-CMs for up to 30 min with continuous illumination. We show that this effect is mediated by a combination of reduced singlet oxygen production and lower loading in the cellular membrane. We discuss future applications and avenues of improvement for TSQ-stabilized VoltageFluor dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayli N Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
| | - Nels C Gerstner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
| | - Samantha J Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
| | - Evan W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA.
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2
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Pierson JB, Berridge B, Blinova K, Brooks MB, Eldridge S, O'Brien CE, Pugsley MK, Schultze AE, Smith G, Stockbridge N, Valentin JP, Vicente J. Collaborative science in action: A 20 year perspective from the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) Cardiac Safety Committee. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2024; 127:107511. [PMID: 38710237 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2024.107511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to resolving global health challenges through collaborative scientific efforts across academia, regulatory authorities and the private sector. Collaborative science across non-clinical disciplines offers an important keystone to accelerate the development of safer and more effective medicines. HESI works to address complex challenges by leveraging diverse subject-matter expertise across sectors offering access to resources, data and shared knowledge. In 2008, the HESI Cardiac Safety Committee (CSC) was established to improve public health by reducing unanticipated cardiovascular (CV)-related adverse effects from pharmaceuticals or chemicals. The committee continues to significantly impact the field of CV safety by bringing together experts from across sectors to address challenges of detecting and predicting adverse cardiac outcomes. Committee members have collaborated on the organization, management and publication of prospective studies, retrospective analyses, workshops, and symposia resulting in 38 peer reviewed manuscripts. Without this collaboration these manuscripts would not have been published. Through their work, the CSC is actively addressing challenges and opportunities in detecting potential cardiac failure modes using in vivo, in vitro and in silico models, with the aim of facilitating drug development and improving study design. By examining past successes and future prospects of the CSC, this manuscript sheds light on how the consortium's multifaceted approach not only addresses current challenges in detecting potential cardiac failure modes but also paves the way for enhanced drug development and study design methodologies. Further, exploring future opportunities and challenges will focus on improving the translational predictability of nonclinical evaluations and reducing reliance on animal research in CV safety assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marjory B Brooks
- Comparative Coagulation Section, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Sandy Eldridge
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Claire E O'Brien
- Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Michael K Pugsley
- Toxicology & Safety Pharmacology, Cytokinetics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A Eric Schultze
- Pathology, Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Godfrey Smith
- Clyde Biosciences Ltd, Newhouse, UK; University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Valentin
- UCB Biopharma SRL, Development Science, Non-Clinical Safety Evaluation, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Jose Vicente
- Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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3
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Raniga K, Nasir A, Vo NTN, Vaidyanathan R, Dickerson S, Hilcove S, Mosqueira D, Mirams GR, Clements P, Hicks R, Pointon A, Stebbeds W, Francis J, Denning C. Strengthening cardiac therapy pipelines using human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:292-311. [PMID: 38366587 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Advances in hiPSC isolation and reprogramming and hPSC-CM differentiation have prompted their therapeutic application and utilization for evaluating potential cardiovascular safety liabilities. In this perspective, we showcase key efforts toward the large-scale production of hiPSC-CMs, implementation of hiPSC-CMs in industry settings, and recent clinical applications of this technology. The key observations are a need for traceable gender and ethnically diverse hiPSC lines, approaches to reduce cost of scale-up, accessible clinical trial datasets, and transparent guidelines surrounding the safety and efficacy of hiPSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Raniga
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Pathology, Non-Clinical Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Aishah Nasir
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nguyen T N Vo
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Diogo Mosqueira
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Gary R Mirams
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine & Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Peter Clements
- Pathology, Non-Clinical Safety, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Ryan Hicks
- BioPharmaceuticals R&D Cell Therapy Department, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Amy Pointon
- Safety Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | | | - Jo Francis
- Mechanstic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Chris Denning
- The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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4
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Sang L, Zhou Z, Luo S, Zhang Y, Qian H, Zhou Y, He H, Hao K. An In Silico Platform to Predict Cardiotoxicity Risk of Anti-tumor Drug Combination with hiPSC-CMs Based In Vitro Study. Pharm Res 2024; 41:247-262. [PMID: 38148384 PMCID: PMC10879352 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antineoplastic agent-induced systolic dysfunction is a major reason for interruption of anticancer treatment. Although targeted anticancer agents infrequently cause systolic dysfunction, their combinations with chemotherapies remarkably increase the incidence. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) provide a potent in vitro model to assess cardiovascular safety. However, quantitatively predicting the reduction of ejection fraction based on hiPSC-CMs is challenging due to the absence of the body's regulatory response to cardiomyocyte injury. METHODS Here, we developed and validated an in vitro-in vivo translational platform to assess the reduction of ejection fraction induced by antineoplastic drugs based on hiPSC-CMs. The translational platform integrates drug exposure, drug-cardiomyocyte interaction, and systemic response. The drug-cardiomyocyte interaction was implemented as a mechanism-based toxicodynamic (TD) model, which was then integrated into a quantitative system pharmacology-physiological-based pharmacokinetics (QSP-PBPK) model to form a complete translational platform. The platform was validated by comparing the model-predicted and clinically observed incidence of doxorubicin and trastuzumab-induced systolic dysfunction. RESULTS A total of 33,418 virtual patients were incorporated to receive doxorubicin and trastuzumab alone or in combination. For doxorubicin, the QSP-PBPK-TD model successfully captured the overall trend of systolic dysfunction incidences against the cumulative doses. For trastuzumab, the predicted incidence interval was 0.31-2.7% for single-agent treatment and 0.15-10% for trastuzumab-doxorubicin sequential treatment, covering the observations in clinical reports (0.50-1.0% and 1.5-8.3%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the in vitro-in vivo translational platform is capable of predicting systolic dysfunction incidence almost merely depend on hiPSC-CMs, which could facilitate optimizing the treatment protocol of antineoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhengying Zhou
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shizheng Luo
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yicui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hongjie Qian
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hua He
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Kun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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5
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Kurokawa J, Shimizu S, Sakamoto K. [Evaluation of Contractile Function Using Human iPS Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2024; 144:251-255. [PMID: 38432933 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity induced by anti-cancer drugs is a significant concern for patients undergoing cancer treatment. Some anti-cancer drugs can damage cardiac muscle cells directly or indirectly, potentially leading to severe heart failure. Various risk factors, including the type and dosage of chemotherapy agents as well as patient background, contribute to the development of cardiotoxicity. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), which enable patient-specific toxicity prediction, hold great promise in this regard. However, the practical implementation of hiPSC-CMs-based prediction of anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity still faces hurdles. One major challenge involves establishing and optimizing experimental systems for evaluating contractile dysfunction, the ultimate output of heart failure, using hiPSC-CMs. Such efforts are currently underway globally, focusing on tailoring functional evaluation systems to the characteristics of hiPSC-CMs. In this paper, we provide an overview of the contraction mechanisms of cardiac cells and introduce a method of measuring contraction that we have developed, and discuss the current status of contractile function evaluation methods using hiPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Kurokawa
- Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Satoshi Shimizu
- Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Kazuho Sakamoto
- Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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6
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Liu S, Fang C, Zhong C, Li J, Xiao Q. Recent advances in pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac organoids and heart-on-chip applications for studying anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2527-2549. [PMID: 37889357 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09835-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) caused by anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity is now the second leading cause of mortality among cancer survivors. It is necessary to establish efficient in vitro models for early predicting the potential cardiotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs, as well as for screening drugs that would alleviate cardiotoxicity during and post treatment. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have opened up new avenues in cardio-oncology. With the breakthrough of tissue engineering technology, a variety of hiPSC-derived cardiac microtissues or organoids have been recently reported, which have shown enormous potential in studying cardiotoxicity. Moreover, using hiPSC-derived heart-on-chip for studying cardiotoxicity has provided novel insights into the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we summarize different types of anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicities and present an extensive overview on the applications of hiPSC-derived cardiac microtissues, cardiac organoids, and heart-on-chips in cardiotoxicity. Finally, we highlight clinical and translational challenges around hiPSC-derived cardiac microtissues/organoids/heart-on chips and their applications in anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity. • Anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicities represent pressing challenges for cancer treatments, and cardiovascular disease is the second leading cause of mortality among cancer survivors. • Newly reported in vitro models such as hiPSC-derived cardiac microtissues/organoids/chips show enormous potential for studying cardio-oncology. • Emerging evidence supports that hiPSC-derived cardiac organoids and heart-on-chip are promising in vitro platforms for predicting and minimizing anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Heart Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Chongkai Fang
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Heart Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Chong Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jing Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Heart Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Lamberto F, Shashikadze B, Elkhateib R, Lombardo SD, Horánszky A, Balogh A, Kistamás K, Zana M, Menche J, Fröhlich T, Dinnyés A. Low-dose Bisphenol A exposure alters the functionality and cellular environment in a human cardiomyocyte model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122359. [PMID: 37567409 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Early embryonic development represents a sensitive time-window during which the foetus might be vulnerable to the exposure of environmental contaminants, potentially leading to heart diseases also later in life. Bisphenol A (BPA), a synthetic chemical widely used in plastics manufacturing, has been associated with heart developmental defects, even in low concentrations. This study aims to investigate the effects of environmentally relevant doses of BPA on developing cardiomyocytes using a human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived model. Firstly, a 2D in vitro differentiation system to obtain cardiomyocytes from hiPSCs (hiPSC-CMs) have been established and characterised to provide a suitable model for the early stages of cardiac development. Then, the effects of a repeated BPA exposure, starting from the undifferentiated stage throughout the differentiation process, were evaluated. The chemical significantly decreased the beat rate of hiPSC-CMs, extending the contraction and relaxation time in a dose-dependent manner. Quantitative proteomics analysis revealed a high abundance of basement membrane (BM) components (e.g., COL4A1, COL4A2, LAMC1, NID2) and a significant increase in TNNC1 and SERBP1 proteins in hiPSC-CMs treated with BPA. Network analysis of proteomics data supported altered extracellular matrix remodelling and provided a disease-gene association with well-known pathological conditions of the heart. Furthermore, upon hypoxia-reoxygenation challenge, hiPSC-CMs treated with BPA showed higher rate of apoptotic events. Taken together, our results revealed that a long-term treatment, even with low doses of BPA, interferes with hiPSC-CMs functionality and alters the surrounding cellular environment, providing new insights about diseases that might arise upon the toxin exposure. Our study contributes to the current understanding of BPA effects on developing human foetal cardiomyocytes, in correlation with human clinical observations and animal studies, and it provides a suitable model for New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for environmental chemical hazard and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lamberto
- BioTalentum Ltd., Aulich Lajos Str. 26, Gödöllő, H-2100, Hungary; Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly Str. 1, H-2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Bachuki Shashikadze
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Radwa Elkhateib
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Salvo Danilo Lombardo
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria; Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Center for Molecular Biology, University of Vienna, 1030, Vienna, Austria; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alex Horánszky
- BioTalentum Ltd., Aulich Lajos Str. 26, Gödöllő, H-2100, Hungary; Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly Str. 1, H-2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Andrea Balogh
- BioTalentum Ltd., Aulich Lajos Str. 26, Gödöllő, H-2100, Hungary
| | - Kornél Kistamás
- BioTalentum Ltd., Aulich Lajos Str. 26, Gödöllő, H-2100, Hungary
| | - Melinda Zana
- BioTalentum Ltd., Aulich Lajos Str. 26, Gödöllő, H-2100, Hungary
| | - Jörg Menche
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria; Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Center for Molecular Biology, University of Vienna, 1030, Vienna, Austria; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - András Dinnyés
- BioTalentum Ltd., Aulich Lajos Str. 26, Gödöllő, H-2100, Hungary; Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly Str. 1, H-2100, Gödöllő, Hungary; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Hungary.
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8
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Altrocchi C, Van Ammel K, Steemans M, Kreir M, Tekle F, Teisman A, Gallacher DJ, Lu HR. Evaluation of chronic drug-induced electrophysiological and cytotoxic effects using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1229960. [PMID: 37492082 PMCID: PMC10364322 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1229960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiotoxicity is one of the leading causes of compound attrition during drug development. Most in vitro screening platforms aim at detecting acute cardio-electrophysiological changes and drug-induced chronic functional alterations are often not studied in the early stage of drug development. Therefore, we developed an assay using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) that evaluates both drug-induced acute and delayed electrophysiological and cytotoxic effects of reference compounds with clinically known cardiac outcomes. Methods: hiPSC-CMs were seeded in 48-well multielectrode array (MEA) plates and were treated with four doses of reference compounds (covering and exceeding clinical free plasma peak concentrations -fCmax values) and MEA recordings were conducted for 4 days. Functional-electrophysiological (field-potentials) and viability (impedance) parameters were recorded with a MEA machine. Results: To assess this platform, we tested tyrosine-kinase inhibitors with high-cardiac risk profile (sunitinib, vandetanib and nilotinib) and low-cardiac risk (erlotinib), as well as known classic cardiac toxic drugs (doxorubicin and BMS-986094), ion-channel trafficking inhibitors (pentamidine, probucol and arsenic trioxide) and compounds without known clinical cardiotoxicity (amoxicillin, cetirizine, captopril and aspirin). By evaluating the effects of these compounds on MEA parameters, the assay was mostly able to recapitulate different drug-induced cardiotoxicities, represented by a prolongation of the field potential, changes in beating rate and presence of arrhythmic events in acute (<2 h) or delayed phase ≥24 h, and/or reduction of impedance during the delayed phase (≥24 h). Furthermore, a few reference compounds were tested in hiPSC-CMs using fluorescence- and luminescence-based plate reader assays, confirming the presence or absence of cytotoxic effects, linked to changes of the impedance parameters measured in the MEA assay. Of note, some cardiotoxic effects could not be identified at acute time points (<2 h) but were clearly detected after 24 h, reinforcing the importance of chronic drug evaluation. Discussion: In conclusion, the evaluation of chronic drug-induced cardiotoxicity using a hiPSC-CMs in vitro assay can contribute to the early de-risking of compounds and help optimize the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Altrocchi
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Global Safety Pharmacology, Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D, Beerse, Belgium
| | - K. Van Ammel
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Global Safety Pharmacology, Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D, Beerse, Belgium
| | - M. Steemans
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Cell Health Assessment Group, Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D, Beerse, Belgium
| | - M. Kreir
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Global Safety Pharmacology, Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D, Beerse, Belgium
| | - F. Tekle
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Statistics and Decision Sciences, Global Development, Janssen R&D, Beerse, Belgium
| | - A. Teisman
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Global Safety Pharmacology, Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D, Beerse, Belgium
| | - D. J. Gallacher
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Global Safety Pharmacology, Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D, Beerse, Belgium
| | - H. R. Lu
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Global Safety Pharmacology, Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Janssen R&D, Beerse, Belgium
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9
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Iachetta G, Melle G, Colistra N, Tantussi F, De Angelis F, Dipalo M. Long-term in vitro recording of cardiac action potentials on microelectrode arrays for chronic cardiotoxicity assessment. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:509-522. [PMID: 36607357 PMCID: PMC9859891 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The reliable identification of chronic cardiotoxic effects in in vitro screenings is fundamental for filtering out toxic molecular entities before in vivo animal experimentation and clinical trials. Present techniques such as patch-clamp, voltage indicators, and standard microelectrode arrays do not offer at the same time high sensitivity for measuring transmembrane ion currents and low-invasiveness for monitoring cells over long time. Here, we show that optoporation applied to microelectrode arrays enables measuring action potentials from human-derived cardiac syncytia for more than 1 continuous month and provides reliable data on chronic cardiotoxic effects caused by known compounds such as pentamidine. The technique has high potential for detecting chronic cardiotoxicity in the early phases of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
- FORESEE Biosystems Srl, Genova, Italy.
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10
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Casciola M, Feaster TK, Caiola MJ, Keck D, Blinova K. Human in vitro assay for irreversible electroporation cardiac ablation. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1064168. [PMID: 36699682 PMCID: PMC9869257 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1064168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pulsed electric field (PEF) cardiac ablation has been recently proposed as a technique to treat drug resistant atrial fibrillation by inducing cell death through irreversible electroporation (IRE). Improper PEF dosing can result in thermal damage or reversible electroporation. The lack of comprehensive and systematic studies to select PEF parameters for safe and effective IRE cardiac treatments hinders device development and regulatory decision-making. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have been proposed as an alternative to animal models in the evaluation of cardiac electrophysiology safety. Methods: We developed a novel high-throughput in vitro assay to quantify the electric field threshold (EFT) for electroporation (acute effect) and cell death (long-term effect) in hiPSC-CMs. Monolayers of hiPSC-CMs were cultured in high-throughput format and exposed to clinically relevant biphasic PEF treatments. Electroporation and cell death areas were identified using fluorescent probes and confocal microscopy; electroporation and cell death EFTs were quantified by comparison of fluorescent images with electric field numerical simulations. Results: Study results confirmed that PEF induces electroporation and cell death in hiPSC-CMs, dependent on the number of pulses and the amplitude, duration, and repetition frequency. In addition, PEF-induced temperature increase, absorbed dose, and total treatment time for each PEF parameter combination are reported. Discussion: Upon verification of the translatability of the in vitro results presented here to in vivo models, this novel hiPSC-CM-based assay could be used as an alternative to animal or human studies and can assist in early nonclinical device development, as well as inform regulatory decision-making for cardiac ablation medical devices.
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Feaster TK, Feric N, Pallotta I, Narkar A, Casciola M, Graziano MP, Aschar-Sobbi R, Blinova K. Acute effects of cardiac contractility modulation stimulation in conventional 2D and 3D human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte models. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1023563. [PMID: 36439258 PMCID: PMC9686332 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1023563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a medical device therapy whereby non-excitatory electrical stimulations are delivered to the myocardium during the absolute refractory period to enhance cardiac function. We previously evaluated the effects of the standard CCM pulse parameters in isolated rabbit ventricular cardiomyocytes and 2D human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) monolayers, on flexible substrate. In the present study, we sought to extend these results to human 3D microphysiological systems to develop a robust model to evaluate various clinical CCM pulse parameters in vitro. HiPSC-CMs were studied in conventional 2D monolayer format, on stiff substrate (i.e., glass), and as 3D human engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs). Cardiac contractile properties were evaluated by video (i.e., pixel) and force-based analysis. CCM pulses were assessed at varying electrical ‘doses’ using a commercial pulse generator. A robust CCM contractile response was observed for 3D ECTs. Under comparable conditions, conventional 2D monolayer hiPSC-CMs, on stiff substrate, displayed no contractile response. 3D ECTs displayed enhanced contractile properties including increased contraction amplitude (i.e., force), and accelerated contraction and relaxation slopes under standard acute CCM stimulation. Moreover, 3D ECTs displayed enhanced contractility in a CCM pulse parameter-dependent manner by adjustment of CCM pulse delay, duration, amplitude, and number relative to baseline. The observed acute effects subsided when the CCM stimulation was stopped and gradually returned to baseline. These data represent the first study of CCM in 3D hiPSC-CM models and provide a nonclinical tool to assess various CCM device signals in 3D human cardiac tissues prior to in vivo animal studies. Moreover, this work provides a foundation to evaluate the effects of additional cardiac medical devices in 3D ECTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tromondae K. Feaster
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Nicole Feric
- Valo Health Inc, Alexandria Center for Life Sciences, New York, NY, United States
| | - Isabella Pallotta
- Valo Health Inc, Alexandria Center for Life Sciences, New York, NY, United States
| | - Akshay Narkar
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Maura Casciola
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Michael P. Graziano
- Valo Health Inc, Alexandria Center for Life Sciences, New York, NY, United States
| | - Roozbeh Aschar-Sobbi
- Valo Health Inc, Alexandria Center for Life Sciences, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ksenia Blinova
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Ksenia Blinova,
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Narkar A, Feaster TK, Casciola M, Blinova K. Human in vitro neurocardiac coculture (ivNCC) assay development for evaluating cardiac contractility modulation. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15498. [PMID: 36325586 PMCID: PMC9630755 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Two of the most prominent organ systems, the nervous and the cardiovascular systems, are intricately connected to maintain homeostasis in mammals. Recent years have shown tremendous efforts toward therapeutic modulation of cardiac contractility and electrophysiology by electrical stimulation. Neuronal innervation and cardiac ganglia regulation are often overlooked when developing in vitro models for cardiac devices, but it is likely that peripheral nervous system plays a role in the clinical effects. We developed an in vitro neurocardiac coculture (ivNCC) model system to study cardiac and neuronal interplay using human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technology. We demonstrated significant expression and colocalization of cardiac markers including troponin, α-actinin, and neuronal marker peripherin in neurocardiac coculture. To assess functional coupling between the cardiomyocytes and neurons, we evaluated nicotine-induced β-adrenergic norepinephrine effect and found beat rate was significantly increased in ivNCC as compared to monoculture alone. The developed platform was used as a nonclinical model for the assessment of cardiac medical devices that deliver nonexcitatory electrical pulses to the heart during the absolute refractory period of the cardiac cycle, that is, cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) therapy. Robust coculture response was observed at 14 V/cm (5 V, 64 mA), monophasic, 2 ms pulse duration for pacing and 20 V/cm (7 V, 90 mA) phase amplitude, biphasic, 5.14 ms pulse duration for CCM. We observed that the CCM effect and kinetics were more pronounced in coculture as compared to cardiac monoculture, supporting a hypothesis that some part of CCM mechanism of action can be attributed to peripheral nervous system stimulation. This study provides novel characterization of CCM effects on hiPSC-derived neurocardiac cocultures. This innervated human heart model can be further extended to investigate arrhythmic mechanisms, neurocardiac safety, and toxicity post-chronic exposure to materials, drugs, and medical devices. We present data on acute CCM electrical stimulation effects on a functional and optimized coculture using commercially available hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and neurons. Moreover, this study provides an in vitro human heart model to evaluate neuronal innervation and cardiac ganglia regulation of contractility by applying CCM pulse parameters that closely resemble clinical setting. This ivNCC platform provides a potential tool for investigating aspects of cardiac and neurological device safety and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Narkar
- Center for Devices and Radiological HealthUS Food and Drug AdministrationSilver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Tromondae K. Feaster
- Center for Devices and Radiological HealthUS Food and Drug AdministrationSilver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Maura Casciola
- Center for Devices and Radiological HealthUS Food and Drug AdministrationSilver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Ksenia Blinova
- Center for Devices and Radiological HealthUS Food and Drug AdministrationSilver SpringMarylandUSA
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Maria Cherian R, Prajapati C, Penttinen K, Häkli M, Koivisto JT, Pekkanen-Mattila M, Aalto-Setälä K. Fluorescent hiPSC-derived MYH6-mScarlet cardiomyocytes for real-time tracking, imaging, and cardiotoxicity assays. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 39:145-163. [PMID: 35870039 PMCID: PMC10042918 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHuman induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) hold great potential in the cardiovascular field for human disease modeling, drug development, and regenerative medicine. However, multiple hurdles still exist for the effective utilization of hiPSC-CMs as a human-based experimental platform that can be an alternative to the current animal models. To further expand their potential as a research tool and bridge the translational gap, we have generated a cardiac-specific hiPSC reporter line that differentiates into fluorescent CMs using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology. The CMs illuminated with the mScarlet fluorescence enable their non-invasive continuous tracking and functional cellular phenotyping, offering a real-time 2D/3D imaging platform. Utilizing the reporter CMs, we developed an imaging-based cardiotoxicity screening system that can monitor distinct drug-induced structural toxicity and CM viability in real time. The reporter fluorescence enabled visualization of sarcomeric disarray and displayed a drug dose–dependent decrease in its fluorescence. The study also has demonstrated the reporter CMs as a biomaterial cytocompatibility analysis tool that can monitor dynamic cell behavior and maturity of hiPSC-CMs cultured in various biomaterial scaffolds. This versatile cardiac imaging tool that enables real time tracking and high-resolution imaging of CMs has significant potential in disease modeling, drug screening, and toxicology testing.
Graphical abstract
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