1
|
Iuliano M, Grimaldi L, Rosa P, Scibetta S, Bernardini N, Proietti I, Tolino E, Skroza N, Potenza C, Mangino G, Romeo G. Extracellular vescicles in psoriasis: from pathogenesis to possible roles in therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1360618. [PMID: 38827737 PMCID: PMC11140073 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1360618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting skin and joints characterized by a chronically altered immune and inflammatory response. Several factors occur from the onset to the development of this disease due to different types of cells spatially and temporally localized in the affected area, such as, keratinocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and T helper lymphocytes. This scenario leads to the chronic release of high levels of inflammatory mediators (i.e., IL-17, IL-23, IL-22, TNF-α, S100 proteins, Defensins) and lastly parakeratosis and thickening of the stratum spinosum. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small double membraned biological nanoparticles that are secreted by all cell types and classified, based on dimension and biogenesis, into exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. Their role as vessels for long range molecular signals renders them key elements in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, as well as innovative platforms for potential biomarker discovery and delivery of fine-tuned anti-inflammatory therapies. In this review, the role of EVs in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the modulation of cellular microenvironment has been summarized. The biotechnological implementation of EVs for therapy and research for new biomarkers has been also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Iuliano
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome – Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Grimaldi
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome – Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Paolo Rosa
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome – Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
- ICOT, Istituto Chirurgico Ortopedico Traumatologico, Latina, Italy
| | - Sofia Scibetta
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome – Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Proietti
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Terracina, Italy
| | - Ersilia Tolino
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Terracina, Italy
| | - Nevena Skroza
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome – Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Terracina, Italy
| | - Concetta Potenza
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome – Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
- Dermatology Unit “Daniele Innocenzi”, “A. Fiorini” Hospital, Terracina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome – Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome – Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park YJ, Kim DC, Lee SJ, Kim HS, Pak JY, Kim J, Cheong JY, Lee ES. Keratinocyte-derived circulating microRNAs in extracellular vesicles: a novel biomarker of psoriasis severity and potential therapeutic target. J Transl Med 2024; 22:235. [PMID: 38433211 PMCID: PMC10910723 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05030-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by pathogenic hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and immune dysregulation. Currently, objective evaluation tools reflecting the severity of psoriasis are insufficient. MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles (EV miRNAs) have been shown to be potential biomarkers for various inflammatory diseases. Our objective was to investigate the possibility of plasma-derived EV miRNAs as a marker for the psoriasis disease severity. METHODS EVs were extracted from the plasma of 63 patients with psoriasis and 12 with Behçet's disease. We performed next-generation sequencing of the plasma-derived EV miRNAs from the psoriasis patients. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the level of EV miRNA expression. In situ hybridization was used to discern the anatomical location of miRNAs. qRT-PCR, western blotting, and cell counting kits (CCKs) were used to investigate IGF-1 signaling in cells transfected with miRNA mimics. RESULTS We identified 19 differentially expressed EV miRNAs and validated the top three up-and down-regulated EV miRNAs. Among these, miR-625-3p was significantly increased in patients with severe psoriasis in both plasma and skin and most accurately distinguished moderate-to-severe psoriasis from mild-to-moderate psoriasis. It was produced and secreted by keratinocytes upon stimulation. We also observed a significant intensification of IGF-1 signalling and increased cell numbers in the miR-625-3p mimic transfected cells. CONCLUSIONS We propose keratinocyte-derived EV miR-625-3p as a novel and reliable biomarker for estimating the severity of psoriasis. This biomarker could objectively evaluate the severity of psoriasis in the clinical setting and might serve as a potential therapeutic target. Trial registration None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Joon Park
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16499, South Korea
| | - Dong Chan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16499, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16499, South Korea
| | - Han Seul Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16499, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Pak
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16499, South Korea
| | - Junho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Youn Cheong
- Ajou Translational Omics Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun-So Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, 164, World Cup-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16499, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qi F, Jin H. Extracellular vesicles from keratinocytes and other skin-related cells in psoriasis: A review. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15001. [PMID: 38284192 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory skin condition involving abnormal proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, together with substantial infiltration of immune cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are released spontaneously into the extracellular space by virtually all cell types, play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication by delivering bioactive cargos such as mRNA nucleic acids and proteins to recipient cells. Numerous studies have highlighted the significant contributions of EVs to both the pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis. This review provides a concise overview of skin-derived EVs and their involvement in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Born LJ, Khachemoune A. Extracellular vesicles: a comprehensive review of their roles as biomarkers and potential therapeutics in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2023; 48:310-318. [PMID: 36708030 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llac108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated condition that affects the skin and joints, with current treatments still unable to offer a cure and long-term use of treatments posing health risks. Understanding the pathogenesis of the disease has helped identify new targets that have allowed for the expansion of the therapeutic arsenal. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently emerged as pathophysiological mediators of psoriasis, and there have been increasing reports of EVs as potential biomarkers and therapeutics. Given their innate role as natural vehicles for cell-to-cell communication, EVs have vast potential in their ability to determine disease status based on EV-specific cargo as well as act as therapeutics because of their anti-inflammatory properties and potential for enhancement. In this review we summarize the role of EVs in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and discuss EVs as both diagnostic and therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis J Born
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amor Khachemoune
- Department of Dermatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- State University of New, York, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Camela E, Potestio L, Ruggiero A, Ocampo-Garza SS, Fabbrocini G, Megna M. Towards Personalized Medicine in Psoriasis: Current Progress. Psoriasis (Auckl) 2022; 12:231-250. [PMID: 36071793 PMCID: PMC9444142 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s328460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although innovative targeted therapies have positively revolutionized psoriasis treatment shifting treatment goals to complete or almost complete skin clearance, primary or secondary lack of efficacy is still possible. Hence, identifying robust biomarkers that reflect the various clinical psoriasis phenotypes would allow stratify patients in subgroups or endotypes, and tailor treatments according to the characteristics of each individual (precision medicine). To sum up the current progress in personalized medicine for psoriasis, we performed a review on the available evidence on biomarkers predictive of response to psoriasis treatments, with focus on phototherapy and systemic agents. Relevant literature published in English was searched for using the following databases from the last five years up to March 20, 2022: PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, EBSCO, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane library. Currently, more evidence exists towards biologicals, as justified by the huge health care costs as compared to phototherapy or conventional systemic drugs. Among them, most of the studies focused on anti-TNF and IL12/23, with still few on IL17 (mainly secukinumab). The most discussed biomarker gene is the HLA-C*02:06 status that has been shown to be associated with psoriasis, and also differential response to biologicals. Although its positivity is associated with great response to MTX, debatable results were retrieved concerning both anti-TNF and IL12/23 while it seems not to affect secukinumab response. Personalized treatment in psoriasis would provide excellent outcome minimizing the risk of side effects. To date, although several candidates were proposed and assessed, the scarcity and heterogeneity of the results do not allow the identification of the gold-standard biomarker per each treatment. Anyway, the creation of a more comprehensive panel would be more reliable for the treatment decision process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Camela
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: Elisa Camela, Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy, Tel +39 - 081 - 7462457, Fax +39 - 081 - 7462442, Email
| | - Luca Potestio
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Ruggiero
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Sofia Ocampo-Garza
- Dermatology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, University Hospital ¨Dr. José Eleuterio González¨, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|