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Hassanin HM, Kamal AA, Ismail OI. Resveratrol ameliorates atrazine-induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and fibrosis in the testis of adult albino rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17743. [PMID: 39085279 PMCID: PMC11291673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pesticides like atrazine which are frequently present in everyday surroundings, have adverse impacts on human health and may contribute to male infertility. The work aimed to analyze the histological and biochemical effects of atrazine on the testis in adult albino rats and whether co-administration with resveratrol could reverse the effect of atrazine. Forty adult male albino rats in good health participated in this study. They were categorized at random into four groups: the Group Ӏ received water through a gastric tube for two months every day, the Group ӀӀ received resveratrol (20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) through a gastric tube for two months every day, the Group ӀӀӀ received atrazine (50 mg/kg bw) through a gastric tube for two months every day, the Group ӀV received concomitant doses of atrazine and resveratrol for two months every day. The testes of the animals were then carefully removed and prepared for biochemical, immunohistochemical, light, and electron microscopic studies. Atrazine exposure led to a significant decrease in serum testosterone hormone level, upregulation of caspase 3 and iNOS mRNA levels, destructed seminiferous tubules with few sperms in their lumens, many collagen fibres accumulation in the tunica albuginea and the interstitium, abnormal morphology of some sperms as well as many vacuolations, and damaged mitochondria in the cytoplasm of many germ cells. Concomitant administration of resveratrol can improve these adverse effects. It was concluded that atrazine exposure is toxic to the testis and impairs male fertility in adult rat and coadministration of resveratrol guards against this toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Mohamed Hassanin
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Kamal
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Omnia I Ismail
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.
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2
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Tian T, Pang H, Li X, Ma K, Liu T, Li J, Luo Z, Li M, Hou Q, Hao H, Dong J, Du H, Liu X, Sun Z, Zhao C, Song X, Jin M. The role of DRP1 mediated mitophagy in HT22 cells apoptosis induced by silica nanoparticles. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116050. [PMID: 38325272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are widely used in the biomedical field and can enter the central nervous system through the blood-brain barrier, causing damage to hippocampal neurons. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. In this experiment, HT22 cells were selected as the experimental model in vitro, and the survival rate of cells under the action of SiNPs was detected by MTT method, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were tested by the kit, the ultrastructure of the cells was observed by transmission electron microscope, membrane potential (MMP), calcium ion (Ca2+) and apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry, and the expressions of mitochondrial functional protein, mitochondrial dynein, mitochondrial autophagy protein as well as apoptosis related protein were detected by Western blot. The results showed that cell survival rate, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, ATP and MMP gradually decreased with the increase of SiNPs concentration, while intracellular ROS, Ca2+, LDH and apoptosis rate increased with the increase of SiNPs concentration. In total cellular proteins,the expressions of mitochondrial functional proteins VDAC and UCP2 gradually increased, the expression of mitochondrial dynamic related protein DRP1 increased while the expressions of OPA1 and Mfn2 decreased. The expressions of mitophagy related proteins PINK1, Parkin and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ increased and P62 gradually decreased, as well as the expressions of apoptosis related proteins Apaf-1, Cleaved-Caspase-3, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bax and Cyt-C. In mitochondrial proteins, the expressions of mitochondrial dynamic related proteins DRP1 and p-DRP1 were increased, while the expressions of OPA1 and Mfn2 were decreased. Expressions of mitochondrial autophagy associated proteins PINK1, Parkin, LC3II/LC3I increased, P62 decreased gradually, as well as the expressions of apoptosis related proteins Cleaved-Caspase-3, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 increased, and Cyt-C expressions decreased. To further demonstrate the role of ROS and DRP1 in HT22 cell apoptosis induced by SiNPs, we selected the ROS inhibitor N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) and Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) inhibitor Mdivi-1. The experimental results indicated that the above effects were remarkably improved after the use of inhibitors, further confirming that SiNPs induce the production of ROS in cells, activate DRP1, cause excessive mitochondrial division, induce mitophagy, destroy mitochondrial function and eventually lead to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Tian
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Xinyue Li
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Kai Ma
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Tianxiang Liu
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Jiali Li
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Zhixuan Luo
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Qiaohong Hou
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Huifang Hao
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Jianfei Dong
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Haiying Du
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chao Zhao
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China.
| | - Xiuling Song
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China.
| | - Minghua Jin
- School of Public Health Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, PR China.
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Zawadzka-Knefel A, Rusak A, Mrozowska M, Machałowski T, Żak A, Haczkiewicz-Leśniak K, Kulus M, Kuropka P, Podhorska-Okołów M, Skośkiewicz-Malinowska K. Chitin scaffolds derived from the marine demosponge Aplysina fistularis stimulate the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1254506. [PMID: 38033818 PMCID: PMC10682193 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1254506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of stem cells for tissue regeneration is a prominent trend in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In particular, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have garnered considerable attention. When exposed to specific conditions, DPSCs have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and odontoblasts. Scaffolds are critical for cell differentiation because they replicate the 3D microenvironment of the niche and enhance cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. The purpose of this study is to present the biological responses of human DPSCs to a purified 3D chitin scaffold derived from the marine demosponge Aplysina fistularis and modified with hydroxyapatite (HAp). Responses examined included proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation. The control culture consisted of the human osteoblast cell line, hFOB 1.19. Electron microscopy was used to examine the ultrastructure of the cells (transmission electron microscopy) and the surface of the scaffold (scanning electron microscopy). Cell adhesion to the scaffolds was determined by neutral red and crystal violet staining methods. An alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay was used for assessing osteoblast/odontoblast differentiation. We evaluated the expression of osteogenic marker genes by performing ddPCR for ALP, RUNX2, and SPP1 mRNA expression levels. The results show that the chitin biomaterial provides a favorable environment for DPSC and hFOB 1.19 cell adhesion and supports both cell proliferation and differentiation. The chitin scaffold, especially with HAp modification, isolated from A. fistularis can make a significant contribution to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zawadzka-Knefel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rusak
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Mrozowska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Machałowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Żak
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Michał Kulus
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuropka
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marzenna Podhorska-Okołów
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Rusak A, Buzalewicz I, Mrozowska M, Wiatrak B, Haczkiewicz-Leśniak K, Olbromski M, Kmiecik A, Krzyżak E, Pietrowska A, Moskal J, Podhorska-Okołów M, Podbielska H, Dzięgiel P. Multimodal study of CHI3L1 inhibition and its effect on angiogenesis, migration, immune response and refractive index of cellular structures in glioblastoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114520. [PMID: 36921538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive tumours with a poor response to treatment and a poor prognosis for patients. One of the proteins expressed in glioblastoma tissue is CHI3L1 (YKL-40), which is upregulated and known for its angiogenesis-supporting and pro-tumour immunomodulatory effects in a variety of cancers. In this paper we present the anti-angiogenic, anti-migratory and immunomodulatory effects of the compound G721-0282, an inhibitor of CHI3L1. The inhibitor-induced changes were investigated using conventional techniques as well as the novel label-free digital holographic tomography (DHT), a quantitative phase imaging technique that allows the reconstruction of the refractive index (RI), which is used as an image contrast for 3D visualisation of living cells. DHT allowed digital staining of individual cells and intercellular structures based only on their specific RI. Quantitative spatially resolved analysis of the RI data shows that the concentration of G721-0282 leads to significant changes in the density of cells and their intracellular structures (in particular the cytoplasm and nucleus), in the volume of lipid droplets and in protein concentrations. Studies in the U-87 MG glioblastoma cell line, THP-1 monocytes differentiated into macrophages, human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and in the spheroid model of glioblastoma composed of U-87 MG, HMEC-1 and macrophages suggest that inhibition of CHI3L1 may have potential in the antitumour treatment of glioblastoma. In this paper, we also propose a spheroid model for in vitro studies that mimics this type of tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Rusak
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a St., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Igor Buzalewicz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze S. Wyspianskiego St., 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Mrozowska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a St., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2 Street, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Haczkiewicz-Leśniak
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a St, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Olbromski
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a St., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Alicja Kmiecik
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a St., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Edward Krzyżak
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A St., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Pietrowska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze S. Wyspianskiego St., 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jakub Moskal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, S. Przybyszewskiego 49 St., 60-355 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Marzenna Podhorska-Okołów
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a St, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Halina Podbielska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze S. Wyspianskiego St., 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a St., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, I. Paderewskiego 35 Al., 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Cecilia JA, Moreno-Tost R. Recent Advances in Mesoporous Materials and Their Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415636. [PMID: 36555279 PMCID: PMC9779131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of civilization, porous materials have been used for medical purposes [...].
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