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Ashraf N, Van Nostrand JL. Fine-tuning AMPK in physiology and disease using point-mutant mouse models. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050798. [PMID: 39136185 PMCID: PMC11340815 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that monitors the cellular energy status to adapt it to the fluctuating nutritional and environmental conditions in an organism. AMPK plays an integral part in a wide array of physiological processes, such as cell growth, autophagy and mitochondrial function, and is implicated in diverse diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. AMPK orchestrates many different physiological outcomes by phosphorylating a broad range of downstream substrates. However, the importance of AMPK-mediated regulation of these substrates in vivo remains an ongoing area of investigation to better understand its precise role in cellular and metabolic homeostasis. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of our understanding of the kinase function of AMPK in vivo, as uncovered from mouse models that harbor phosphorylation mutations in AMPK substrates. We discuss some of the inherent limitations of these mouse models, highlight the broader implications of these studies for understanding human health and disease, and explore the valuable insights gained that could inform future therapeutic strategies for the treatment of metabolic and non-metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmana Ashraf
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeanine L. Van Nostrand
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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2
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Ma J, Ma Y, Yi J, Lei P, Fang Y, Wang L, Liu F, Luo L, Zhang K, Jin L, Yang Q, Sun D, Zhang C, Wu D. Rapid altitude displacement induce zebrafish appearing acute high altitude illness symptoms. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28429. [PMID: 38590888 PMCID: PMC10999933 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid ascent to high-altitude areas above 2500 m often leads to acute high altitude illness (AHAI), posing significant health risks. Current models for AHAI research are limited in their ability to accurately simulate the high-altitude environment for drug screening. Addressing this gap, a novel static self-assembled water vacuum transparent chamber was developed to induce AHAI in zebrafish. This study identified 6000 m for 2 h as the optimal condition for AHAI induction in zebrafish. Under these conditions, notable behavioral changes including slow movement, abnormal exploration behavior and static behavior in the Novel tank test. Furthermore, this model demonstrated changes in oxidative stress-related markers included increased levels of malondialdehyde, decreased levels of glutathione, decreased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and increased levels of inflammatory markers IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, and inflammatory cell infiltration and mild edema in the gill tissue, mirroring the clinical pathophysiology observed in AHAI patients. This innovative zebrafish model not only offers a more accurate representation of the high-altitude environment but also provides a high-throughput platform for AHAI drug discovery and pathogenesis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yilei Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jia Yi
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yimeng Fang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Li Luo
- Affiliated Dongguang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguang, 523059, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Qinsi Yang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Translational Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Dejun Wu
- Emergency Department, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China
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3
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Hu JR, Abdullah A, Nanna MG, Soufer R. The Brain-Heart Axis: Neuroinflammatory Interactions in Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:1745-1758. [PMID: 37994952 PMCID: PMC10908342 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01990-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The role of neuroimmune modulation and inflammation in cardiovascular disease has been historically underappreciated. Physiological connections between the heart and brain, termed the heart-brain axis (HBA), are bidirectional, occur through a complex network of autonomic nerves/hormones and cytokines, and play important roles in common disorders. RECENT FINDINGS At the molecular level, advances in the past two decades reveal complex crosstalk mediated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, the renin-angiotensin aldosterone and hypothalamus-pituitary axes, microRNA, and cytokines. Afferent pathways amplify proinflammatory signals via the hypothalamus and brainstem to the periphery, promoting neurogenic inflammation. At the organ level, while stress-mediated cardiomyopathy is the prototypical disorder of the HBA, cardiac dysfunction can result from a myriad of neurologic insults including stroke and spinal injury. Atrial fibrillation is not necessarily a causative factor for cardioembolic stroke, but a manifestation of an abnormal atrial substrate, which can lead to the development of stroke independent of AF. Central and peripheral neurogenic proinflammatory factors have major roles in the HBA, manifesting as complex bi-directional relationships in common conditions such as stroke, arrhythmia, and cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Ruey Hu
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Ave, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdullah
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Ave, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Michael G Nanna
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Ave, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Robert Soufer
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Ave, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Ave, -111B, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
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4
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Lu C, Peng D, Erandani WCKU, Mitchell K, Martyniuk CJ, Trudeau VL. Simultaneous extraction and detection of peptides, steroids, and proteins in small tissue samples. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1266985. [PMID: 37876537 PMCID: PMC10593444 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1266985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection and quantification of hormones are important to assess the reproductive and stress status of experimental models and for the diagnosis of diseases in human and veterinary clinics. Traditionally, steroid, peptide, and protein hormones are analyzed in individual experiments using different extraction methodologies. With the new advancement on HPLC sorbents, the simultaneous measurement of hormones from different categories becomes possible. In this study, we present a novel sample processing strategy for the simultaneous extraction and detection of peptides, steroids, and proteins using high-resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We demonstrate the sensitivity of our method for small tissues by acquiring data from brain, pituitary gland, and gonads of single zebrafish samples. This approach promises to shed light on the hormonal pathways and their interrelationships, providing knowledge on the integration of hormone systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Lu
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Di Peng
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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5
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Godino-Gimeno A, Thörnqvist PO, Chivite M, Míguez JM, Winberg S, Cerdá-Reverter JM. Obesity Impairs Cognitive Function with No Effects on Anxiety-like Behaviour in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12316. [PMID: 37569692 PMCID: PMC10419065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the zebrafish has emerged as an important model organism for behavioural studies and neurological disorders, as well as for the study of metabolic diseases. This makes zebrafish an alternative model for studying the effects of energy disruption and nutritional quality on a wide range of behavioural aspects. Here, we used the zebrafish model to study how obesity induced by overfeeding regulates emotional and cognitive processes. Two groups of fish (n = 24 per group) were fed at 2% (CTRL) and 8% (overfeeding-induced obesity, OIO) for 8 weeks and tested for anxiety-like behaviour using the novel tank diving test (NTDT). Fish were first tested using a short-term memory test (STM) and then trained for four days for a long-term memory test (LTM). At the end of the experiment, fish were euthanised for biometric sampling, total lipid content, and triglyceride analysis. In addition, brains (eight per treatment) were dissected for HPLC determination of monoamines. Overfeeding induced faster growth and obesity, as indicated by increased total lipid content. OIO had no effect on anxiety-like behaviour. Animals were then tested for cognitive function (learning and memory) using the aversive learning test in Zantiks AD units. Results show that both OIO and CTRL animals were able to associate the aversive stimulus with the conditioned stimulus (conditioned learning), but OIO impaired STM regardless of fish sex, revealing the effects of obesity on cognitive processes in zebrafish. Obese fish did not show a deficiency in monoaminergic transmission, as revealed by quantification of total brain levels of dopamine and serotonin and their metabolites. This provides a reliable protocol for assessing the effect of metabolic disease on cognitive and behavioural function, supporting zebrafish as a model for behavioural and cognitive neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Godino-Gimeno
- Control of Food Intake Group, Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, IATS-CSIC, 12595 Castellon, Spain;
| | - Per-Ove Thörnqvist
- Behavioural Neuroendocrinology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden (S.W.)
- Behavioural Neuroendocrinology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mauro Chivite
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (M.C.)
| | - Jesús M. Míguez
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (M.C.)
| | - Svante Winberg
- Behavioural Neuroendocrinology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden (S.W.)
- Behavioural Neuroendocrinology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - José Miguel Cerdá-Reverter
- Control of Food Intake Group, Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, IATS-CSIC, 12595 Castellon, Spain;
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6
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Tonon F, Grassi G. Zebrafish as an Experimental Model for Human Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108771. [PMID: 37240116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Belonging to the family of Cyprinidae, the zebrafish is a small freshwater fish present in the rivers of Bangladesh, Northern India and Southern Nepal [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Tonon
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
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Adedara IA, Mohammed KA, Canzian J, Rosemberg DB, Aschner M, Farombi EO, Rocha JB. Nauphoeta cinerea as an emerging model in neurotoxicology. ADVANCES IN NEUROTOXICOLOGY 2023; 9:181-196. [PMID: 37389201 PMCID: PMC10310038 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A. Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Khadija A. Mohammed
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Julia Canzian
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Denis B. Rosemberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Ebenezer O. Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joao Batista Rocha
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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8
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López-Cepeda L, Castro JD, Aristizábal-Pachón AF, González-Giraldo Y, Pinzón A, Puentes-Rozo PJ, González J. Modulation of Small RNA Signatures by Astrocytes on Early Neurodegeneration Stages; Implications for Biomarker Discovery. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1720. [PMID: 36362875 PMCID: PMC9696502 DOI: 10.3390/life12111720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease (NDD) is complex, therefore simpler, less invasive, more accurate biomarkers are needed. small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) dysregulates in NDDs and sncRNA signatures have been explored for the diagnosis of NDDs, however, the performance of previous biomarkers is still better. Astrocyte dysfunction promotes neurodegeneration and thus derived scnRNA signatures could provide a more precise way to identify of changes related to NDD course and pathogenesis, and it could be useful for the dissection of mechanistic insights operating in NDD. Often sncRNA are transported outside the cell by the action of secreted particles such as extracellular vesicles (EV), which protect sncRNA from degradation. Furthermore, EV associated sncRNA can cross the BBB to be found in easier to obtain peripheral samples, EVs also inherit cell-specific surface markers that can be used for the identification of Astrocyte Derived Extracellular Vesicles (ADEVs) in a peripheral sample. By the study of the sncRNA transported in ADEVs it is possible to identify astrocyte specific sncRNA signatures that could show astrocyte dysfunction in a more simpler manner than previous methods. However, sncRNA signatures in ADEV are not a copy of intracellular transcriptome and methodological aspects such as the yield of sncRNA produced in ADEV or the variable amount of ADEV captured after separation protocols must be considered. Here we review the role as signaling molecules of ADEV derived sncRNA dysregulated in conditions associated with risk of neurodegeneration, providing an explanation of why to choose ADEV for the identification of astrocyte-specific transcriptome. Finally, we discuss possible limitations of this approach and the need to improve the detection limits of sncRNA for the use of ADEV derived sncRNA signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo López-Cepeda
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Juan David Castro
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | | | - Yeimy González-Giraldo
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Andrés Pinzón
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biología de Sistemas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Pedro J. Puentes-Rozo
- Grupo de Neurociencias del Caribe, Unidad de Neurociencias Cognitivas, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
- Grupo de Neurociencias del Caribe, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla 080007, Colombia
| | - Janneth González
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
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9
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An Association between Insulin Resistance and Neurodegeneration in Zebrafish Larval Model ( Danio rerio). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158290. [PMID: 35955446 PMCID: PMC9368350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has recently been identified as a mediator of neurodegeneration. However, the molecular mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated. We aimed to investigate insulin resistance associated with neurodegenerative events in zebrafish larvae. Methods: Larvae aged 72 h-post-fertilization (hpf) were induced to insulin resistance by immersion in 250 nM insulin and were then reinduced with 100 nM insulin at 96 hpf. This model was validated by a glucose levels assay, qPCR analysis of selected genes (akt, pepck, zglut3 and claudin-5a) and Oil Red-O (ORO) staining of the yolk sac for lipid distribution. The association of insulin resistance and neurodegeneration was validated by malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) assays, and by integrating next-generation sequencing with database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery (DAVID). Results: There was a significant increase in glucose levels at 180 min in the insulin-resistant group. However, it decreased at 400 min after the re-challenge. Insulin-signaling mediators, akt and pepck, were showed significantly downregulated up to 400 min after insulin immersion (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, claudin-5a assessed blood−brain barrier (BBB) integrity and showed significant deterioration after 400 min of post-insulin immersion. ORO staining remarked the increase in yolk sac size in the insulin-resistant group. After the confirmation of insulin resistance, MDA levels increased significantly in the insulin-resistant group compared to the control group in the following parameters. Furthermore, dysregulated MAPK- and Wnt/Ca2+-signaling pathways were observed in the insulin-resistant group, disrupting energy metabolism and causing BBB injury. Conclusions: We conclude that the insulin-resistant zebrafish larvae alter the metabolic physiology associated with neurodegeneration.
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Ghaddar B, Gence L, Veeren B, Bringart M, Bascands JL, Meilhac O, Diotel N. Aqueous Extract of Psiloxylon mauritianum, Rich in Gallic Acid, Prevents Obesity and Associated Deleterious Effects in Zebrafish. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071309. [PMID: 35883799 PMCID: PMC9312056 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions, and its prevalence tripled worldwide between 1975 and 2016, especially in Reunion Island, a French overseas region. Psiloxylon mauritianum, an endemic medicinal plant from Reunion Island registered in the French pharmacopeia, has recently gained interest in combating metabolic disorders because of its traditional lipid-lowering and “anti-diabetic” use. However, scientific data are lacking regarding its toxicity and its real benefits on metabolic diseases. In this study, we aim to determine the toxicity of an aqueous extract of P. mauritianum on zebrafish eleutheroembryos following the OECD toxicity assay (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, guidelines 36). After defining a non-toxic dose, we determined by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) that this extract is rich in gallic acid but contains also caffeoylquinic acid, kaempferol and quercetin, as well as their respective derivatives. We also showed that the non-toxic dose exhibits lipid-lowering effects in a high-fat-diet zebrafish larvae model. In a next step, we demonstrated its preventive effects on body weight gain, hyperglycemia and liver steatosis in a diet-induced obesity model (DIO) performed in adults. It also limited the deleterious effects of overfeeding on the central nervous system (i.e., cerebral oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier breakdown, neuro-inflammation and blunted neurogenesis). Interestingly, adult DIO fish treated with P. mauritianum display normal feeding behavior but higher feces production. This indicates that the “anti-weight-gain” effect is probably due to the action of P. mauritianum on the intestinal lipid absorption and/or on the microbiota, leading to the increase in feces production. Therefore, in our experimental conditions, the aqueous extract of P. mauritianum exhibited “anti-weight-gain” properties, which prevented the development of obesity and its deleterious effects at the peripheral and central levels. These effects should be further investigated in preclinical models of obese/diabetic mice, as well as the impact of P. mauritianum on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batoul Ghaddar
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (B.G.); (L.G.); (B.V.); (M.B.); (J.-L.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Laura Gence
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (B.G.); (L.G.); (B.V.); (M.B.); (J.-L.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Bryan Veeren
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (B.G.); (L.G.); (B.V.); (M.B.); (J.-L.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Matthieu Bringart
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (B.G.); (L.G.); (B.V.); (M.B.); (J.-L.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Jean-Loup Bascands
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (B.G.); (L.G.); (B.V.); (M.B.); (J.-L.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (B.G.); (L.G.); (B.V.); (M.B.); (J.-L.B.); (O.M.)
- CHU de La Réunion, 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188, Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97400 Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France; (B.G.); (L.G.); (B.V.); (M.B.); (J.-L.B.); (O.M.)
- Correspondence:
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