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Wang Q, Zhu K, Zhang A. SIRT1-mediated tunnelling nanotubes may be a potential intervention target for arsenic-induced hepatocyte senescence and liver damage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174502. [PMID: 38971248 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic, a widespread environmental poison, can cause significant liver damage upon exposure. Mitochondria are the most sensitive organelles to external factors. Dysfunctional mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular senescence and liver damage. Tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs), membrane structures formed between cells, with fibrous actin (F-actin) serving as the scaffold, facilitate mitochondrial transfer between cells. Notably, TNTs mediate the delivery of healthy mitochondria to damaged cells, thereby mitigating cellular damage. Although limited studies have suggested that F-actin may be modulated by the longevity gene SIRT1, the association between arsenic-induced liver damage and this mechanism remains unexplored. The findings of the current study indicate that arsenic suppresses SIRT1 and F-actin in the rat liver and MIHA cells, impeding the formation of TNTs and mitochondrial transfer between MIHA cells, thereby playing a pivotal role in mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence and liver damage induced by arsenic. Notably, increasing SIRT1 levels effectively mitigated liver mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence triggered by arsenic, highlighting SIRT1's crucial regulatory function. This research provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced liver damage, paving the way for the development of targeted preventive and therapeutic drugs to address arsenic-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, Guizhou, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases, Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, Guizhou, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases, Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
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Chen T, Ellman DG, Fang S, Bak ST, Nørgård MØ, Svenningsen P, Andersen DC. Transfer of cardiomyocyte-derived extracellular vesicles to neighboring cardiac cells requires tunneling nanotubes during heart development. Theranostics 2024; 14:3843-3858. [PMID: 38994028 PMCID: PMC11234280 DOI: 10.7150/thno.91604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are thought to mediate intercellular communication during development and disease. Yet, biological insight to intercellular EV transfer remains elusive, also in the heart, and is technically challenging to demonstrate. Here, we aimed to investigate biological transfer of cardiomyocyte-derived EVs in the neonatal heart. Methods: We exploited CD9 as a marker of EVs, and generated two lines of cardiomyocyte specific EV reporter mice: Tnnt2-Cre; double-floxed inverted CD9/EGFP and αMHC-MerCreMer; double-floxed inverted CD9/EGFP. The two mouse lines were utilized to determine whether developing cardiomyocytes transfer EVs to other cardiac cells (non-myocytes and cardiomyocytes) in vitro and in vivo and investigate the intercellular transport pathway of cardiomyocyte-derived EVs. Results: Genetic tagging of cardiomyocytes was confirmed in both reporter mouse lines and proof of concept in the postnatal heart showed that, a fraction of EGFP+/MYH1- non-myocytes exist firmly demonstrating in vivo cardiomyocyte-derived EV transfer. However, two sets of direct and indirect EGFP +/- cardiac cell co-cultures showed that cardiomyocyte-derived EGFP+ EV transfer requires cell-cell contact and that uptake of EGFP+ EVs from the medium is limited. The same was observed when co-cultiring with mouse macrophages. Further mechanistic insight showed that cardiomyocyte EV transfer occurs through type I tunneling nanotubes. Conclusion: While the current notion assumes that EVs are transferred through secretion to the surroundings, our data show that cardiomyocyte-derived EV transfer in the developing heart occurs through nanotubes between neighboring cells. Whether these data are fundamental and relate to adult hearts and other organs remains to be determined, but they imply that the normal developmental process of EV transfer goes through cell-cell contact rather than through the extracellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ditte Gry Ellman
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Shu Fang
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sara Thornby Bak
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Ørnfeldt Nørgård
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Per Svenningsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ditte Caroline Andersen
- Andersen Group, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Kuo FC, Tsai HY, Cheng BL, Tsai KJ, Chen PC, Huang YB, Liu CJ, Wu DC, Wu MC, Huang B, Lin MW. Endothelial Mitochondria Transfer to Melanoma Induces M2-Type Macrophage Polarization and Promotes Tumor Growth by the Nrf2/HO-1-Mediated Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1857. [PMID: 38339136 PMCID: PMC10855867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic tract melanoma is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Because of the low survival rate and the lack of a standard treatment protocol related to this condition, the investigation of the mechanisms underlying melanoma progression is crucial to achieve advancements in the relevant gynecological surgery and treatment. Mitochondrial transfer between adjacent cells in the tumor microenvironment regulates tumor progression. This study investigated the effects of endothelial mitochondria on the growth of melanoma cells and the activation of specific signal transduction pathways following mitochondrial transplantation. Mitochondria were isolated from endothelial cells (ECs) and transplanted into B16F10 melanoma cells, resulting in the upregulation of proteins associated with tumor growth. Furthermore, enhanced antioxidation and mitochondrial homeostasis mediated by the Sirt1-PGC-1α-Nrf2-HO-1 pathway were observed, along with the inhibition of apoptotic protein caspase-3. Finally, the transplantation of endothelial mitochondria into B16F10 cells promoted tumor growth and increased M2-type macrophages through Nrf2/HO-1-mediated pathways in a xenograft animal model. In summary, the introduction of exogenous mitochondria from ECs into melanoma cells promoted tumor growth, indicating the role of mitochondrial transfer by stromal cells in modulating a tumor's phenotype. These results provide valuable insights into the role of mitochondrial transfer and provide potential targets for gynecological melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chen Kuo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital and E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Bi-Ling Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (B.-L.C.); (P.-C.C.)
| | - Kuen-Jang Tsai
- Department of General Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Ping-Chen Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (B.-L.C.); (P.-C.C.)
| | - Yaw-Bin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Jung Liu
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-J.L.); (D.-C.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-J.L.); (D.-C.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Chieh Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (B.-L.C.); (P.-C.C.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-J.L.); (D.-C.W.)
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital and E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-J.L.); (D.-C.W.)
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
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Thanedar S, Heng E, Ju D, Zhang K, Heng HH. Studying the Dynamics of Tunneling Tubes and Cellular Spheres. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2825:333-343. [PMID: 38913319 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3946-7_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cytogenetic analyses often involve cell culture. However, many cytogeneticists overlook interesting phenotypes associated with cultured cells. Given that cytogeneticists need to focus more on phenotypes to comprehend the genotypes, the biological significance of seemingly trivial cellular variations deserves attention. One example is the formation of cellular tunneling tubes (TTs) in cultured cancer cells, which likely play a role in cell-to-cell communication and material transport. In this chapter, we describe protocols for studying these TTs as well as cellular spheres. In addition to diverse chromosomal variants, these different types of variations should be considered for understanding cancer heterogeneity and dynamics, as they illustrate the importance of various forms of fuzzy inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Thanedar
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Eric Heng
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Donghong Ju
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Henry H Heng
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Tian X, Pan M, Zhou M, Tang Q, Chen M, Hong W, Zhao F, Liu K. Mitochondria Transplantation from Stem Cells for Mitigating Sarcopenia. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1700-1713. [PMID: 37196123 PMCID: PMC10529753 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is defined as the age-related loss of muscle mass and function that can lead to prolonged hospital stays and decreased independence. It is a significant health and financial burden for individuals, families, and society as a whole. The accumulation of damaged mitochondria in skeletal muscle contributes to the degeneration of muscles with age. Currently, the treatment of sarcopenia is limited to improving nutrition and physical activity. Studying effective methods to alleviate and treat sarcopenia to improve the quality of life and lifespan of older people is a growing area of interest in geriatric medicine. Therapies targeting mitochondria and restoring mitochondrial function are promising treatment strategies. This article provides an overview of stem cell transplantation for sarcopenia, including the mitochondrial delivery pathway and the protective role of stem cells. It also highlights recent advances in preclinical and clinical research on sarcopenia and presents a new treatment method involving stem cell-derived mitochondrial transplantation, outlining its advantages and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Tian
- Department of Nursing, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Mengxiong Pan
- Department of Neurology, First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mengting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qiaomin Tang
- Department of Nursing, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenwu Hong
- Department of Neurology, Tiantai People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Tiantai, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fangling Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kaiming Liu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Dagar S, Subramaniam S. Tunneling Nanotube: An Enticing Cell-Cell Communication in the Nervous System. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1288. [PMID: 37886998 PMCID: PMC10604474 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The field of neuroscience is rapidly progressing, continuously uncovering new insights and discoveries. Among the areas that have shown immense potential in research, tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) have emerged as a promising subject of study. These minute structures act as conduits for the transfer of cellular materials between cells, representing a mechanism of communication that holds great significance. In particular, the interplay facilitated by TNTs among various cell types within the brain, including neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, glial cells, and microglia, can be essential for the normal development and optimal functioning of this complex organ. The involvement of TNTs in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease, has attracted significant attention. These disorders are characterized by the progressive degeneration of neurons and the subsequent decline in brain function. Studies have predicted that TNTs likely play critical roles in the propagation and spread of pathological factors, contributing to the advancement of these diseases. Thus, there is a growing interest in understanding the precise functions and mechanisms of TNTs within the nervous system. This review article, based on our recent work on Rhes-mediated TNTs, aims to explore the functions of TNTs within the brain and investigate their implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Using the knowledge gained from studying TNTs could offer novel opportunities for designing targeted treatments that can stop the progression of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunayana Dagar
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Srinivasa Subramaniam
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, 130 Scripps Way, C323, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
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Peracchia C. Nerve Structure-Function: Unusual Structural Details and Unmasking of Sulfhydryl Groups by Electrical Stimulation or Asphyxia in Axon Membranes and Gap Junctions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13565. [PMID: 37686371 PMCID: PMC10488147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes and discusses unusual axonal structural details and evidence for unmasking sulfhydryl groups (-SH) in axoplasmic membranes resulting from electrical stimulation or asphyxia. Crayfish axons contain fenestrated septa (FS) that, in phase contrast, micrographs appear as repeated striations. In the electron microscope, each septum is made of two cross-sectioned membranes containing ~55 nm pores, each occupied by a microtubule. Thin filaments, which we believe are made of kinesin, bridge the microtubule to the edge of the pore. FS are believed to play a role in axoplasmic flow. The axons also display areas in which axon and sheath glial cell plasma membranes are sharply curved and project into the axoplasm. In freeze-fractures, the protoplasmic leaflet (P-face) of the projections appears as elongated indentations containing parallel chains of particles. The sheath glial cell plasma membrane also contains particles, but they are irregularly aggregated. The axons also display areas where axonal and glial plasma membranes fuse, creating intercellular pores. In axons fixed during electrical stimulation, the plasma membrane, the outer membrane of mitochondria, membranes of other cytoplasmic organelles, and gap junctions increase in electron opacity and thickness, resulting from unmasking of sulfhydryl groups (-SH). Similar changes occur in asphyxiated nerve cords.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillo Peracchia
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642-8711, USA
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8
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Valdebenito S, Ono A, Rong L, Eugenin EA. The role of tunneling nanotubes during early stages of HIV infection and reactivation: implications in HIV cure. NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS 2023; 2:169-186. [PMID: 37476291 PMCID: PMC10355284 DOI: 10.1515/nipt-2022-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), also called cytonemes or tumor microtubes, correspond to cellular processes that enable long-range communication. TNTs are plasma membrane extensions that form tubular processes that connect the cytoplasm of two or more cells. TNTs are mostly expressed during the early stages of development and poorly expressed in adulthood. However, in disease conditions such as stroke, cancer, and viral infections such as HIV, TNTs proliferate, but their role is poorly understood. TNTs function has been associated with signaling coordination, organelle sharing, and the transfer of infectious agents such as HIV. Here, we describe the critical role and function of TNTs during HIV infection and reactivation, as well as the use of TNTs for cure strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Valdebenito
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Akira Ono
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Libin Rong
- Department of Mathematics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eliseo A. Eugenin
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, USA
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Jain R, Begum N, Tryphena KP, Singh SB, Srivastava S, Rai SN, Vamanu E, Khatri DK. Inter and intracellular mitochondrial transfer: Future of mitochondrial transplant therapy in Parkinson's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114268. [PMID: 36682243 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by the gradual degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the intracellular build-up of Lewy bodies rich in α-synuclein protein. This impairs various aspects of the mitochondria including the generation of ROS, biogenesis, dynamics, mitophagy etc. Mitochondrial dynamics are regulated through the inter and intracellular movement which impairs mitochondrial trafficking within and between cells. This inter and intracellular mitochondrial movement plays a significant role in maintaining neuronal dynamics in terms of energy and growth. Kinesin, dynein, myosin, Mitochondrial rho GTPase (Miro), and TRAK facilitate the retrograde and anterograde movement of mitochondria. Enzymes such as Kinases along with Calcium (Ca2+), Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the genes PINK1 and Parkin are also involved. Extracellular vesicles, gap junctions, and tunneling nanotubes control intercellular movement. The knowledge and understanding of these proteins, enzymes, molecules, and movements have led to the development of mitochondrial transplant as a therapeutic approach for various disorders involving mitochondrial dysfunction such as stroke, ischemia and PD. A better understanding of these pathways plays a crucial role in establishing extracellular mitochondrial transplant therapy for reverting the pathology of PD. Currently, techniques such as mitochondrial coculture, mitopunch and mitoception are being utilized in the pre-clinical stages and should be further explored for translational value. This review highlights how intercellular and intracellular mitochondrial dynamics are affected during mitochondrial dysfunction in PD. The field of mitochondrial transplant therapy in PD is underlined in particular due to recent developments and the potential that it holds in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachit Jain
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
| | - Nusrat Begum
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
| | - Sachchida Nand Rai
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India.
| | - Emanuel Vamanu
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
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Suzuki R, Ogiya D, Ogawa Y, Kawada H, Ando K. Targeting CAM-DR and Mitochondrial Transfer for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:8529-8539. [PMID: 36354732 PMCID: PMC9689110 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has improved dramatically with the introduction of new therapeutic drugs, but the disease eventually becomes drug-resistant, following an intractable and incurable course. A myeloma niche (MM niche) develops in the bone marrow microenvironment and plays an important role in the drug resistance mechanism of MM. In particular, adhesion between MM cells and bone marrow stromal cells mediated by adhesion molecules induces cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR). Analyses of the role of mitochondria in cancer cells, including MM cells, has revealed that the mechanism leading to drug resistance involves exchange of mitochondria between cells (mitochondrial transfer) via tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) within the MM niche. Here, we describe the discovery of these drug resistance mechanisms and the identification of promising therapeutic agents primarily targeting CAM-DR, mitochondrial transfer, and TNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikio Suzuki
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-463-93-1121; Fax: +81-463-92-4511
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