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Qi Y, Zheng J, Zi Y, Song W, Chen X, Cao S, Zhou Q, Fu H, Hu X. Loureirin C improves mitochondrial function by promoting NRF2 nuclear translocation to attenuate oxidative damage caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112596. [PMID: 38981224 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome worldwide, with no effective treatment strategy. Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the main AKI features, and the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during reperfusion causes severe oxidative damage to the kidney. Loureirin C (LC), an active ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicine Chinese dragon's blood, possesses excellent antioxidative properties, but its role in renal IR injury is not clear. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of LC against renal IR injury in vivo and in vitro by establishing a mice renal IR injury model and a human proximal renal tubular epithelial cell (HK-2) hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) model. We found that LC ameliorated renal function and tissue structure injury and inhibited renal oxidative stress and ferroptosis in vivo. In vitro, LC scavenged ROS and attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction in HK-2 cells, thereby inhibiting oxidative cellular injury. Furthermore, we found that LC effectively promoted nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) nuclear translocation and activated downstream target genes heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1) to enhance cellular antioxidant function. Moreover, NRF2 knockdown and pharmacological inhibition of NRF2 partially eliminated the protective effect of LC. These results confirm that LC can effectively inhibit renal IR injury, and the mechanism may be associated with NRF2 activation by LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Qi
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, China; The Fourth People's Hospital of Hengyang, China
| | - Jinli Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, China
| | - Yuan Zi
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Hengyang, China
| | - Wenke Song
- Department of Medical Department, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, China
| | - Xuancai Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, China
| | - Shahuang Cao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, China
| | - Qun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, China
| | - Hao Fu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, China.
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, China.
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Ma S, Li J, Ye H, Wu C, Zhang J, Xu S, Song Y, Gu Y, Gao L. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 activation in macrophage exacerbates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by triggering hepatocyte ferroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111692. [PMID: 38382261 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, critical challenge in liver surgery and transplantation, exerts a significant impact on the prognosis and survival of patients. Inflammation and cell death play pivotal roles in pathogenesis of hepatic I/R injury. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1), a key enzyme involved in the kynurenine pathway, has been extensively investigated for its regulatory effects on innate immune responses and cell ferroptosis. However, the precise involvement of IDO-1 in hepatic I/R injury remains unclear. METHODS IDO-1 knockout mice were generated to establish a murine model of liver partial warm ischemia and reperfusion, while an in vitro Hypoxia/Reoxygenation (H/R) model was employed to simulate ischemia/reperfusion injury. RESULTS The involvement of ferroptosis was observed to be involved in hepatic I/R injury, and effective mitigation of liver injury was achieved through the inhibition of ferroptosis. In the context of hepatic I/R injury, up-regulation of IDO-1 was found in macrophages exhibiting prominent M1 polarization and impaired efferocytosis. Deficiency or inhibition of IDO-1 alleviated hepatocytes ferroptosis and M1 polarization induced by hepatic I/R injury, while also enhancing M2 polarization and promoting efferocytosis in macrophages. Furthermore, depletion of macrophages attenuated ferroptosis in hepatocytes induced by hepatic I/R injury. CONCLUSION This study highlights the crucial role of IDO-1 activation in macrophages in triggering ferroptosis in hepatocytes during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Our findings suggest that targeting IDO-1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating hepatic I/R injury associated with liver surgery and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoyi Ma
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haixin Ye
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaofeng Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhong Song
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yong Gu
- Clinical Research Center, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, China.
| | - Lei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Zhao L, Hao Y, Tang S, Han X, Li R, Zhou X. Energy metabolic reprogramming regulates programmed cell death of renal tubular epithelial cells and might serve as a new therapeutic target for acute kidney injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1276217. [PMID: 38054182 PMCID: PMC10694365 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1276217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) induces significant energy metabolic reprogramming in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), thereby altering lipid, glucose, and amino acid metabolism. The changes in lipid metabolism encompass not only the downregulation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) but also changes in cell membrane lipids and triglycerides metabolism. Regarding glucose metabolism, AKI leads to increased glycolysis, activation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), inhibition of gluconeogenesis, and upregulation of the polyol pathway. Research indicates that inhibiting glycolysis, promoting the PPP, and blocking the polyol pathway exhibit a protective effect on AKI-affected kidneys. Additionally, changes in amino acid metabolism, including branched-chain amino acids, glutamine, arginine, and tryptophan, play an important role in AKI progression. These metabolic changes are closely related to the programmed cell death of renal TECs, involving autophagy, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Notably, abnormal intracellular lipid accumulation can impede autophagic clearance, further exacerbating lipid accumulation and compromising autophagic function, forming a vicious cycle. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of ameliorating AKI-induced kidney damage through calorie and dietary restriction. Consequently, modifying the energy metabolism of renal TECs and dietary patterns may be an effective strategy for AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Zhao
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yajie Hao
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuqin Tang
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiutao Han
- The Third Clinical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Rongshan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Wang S, Sang X, Li S, Yang W, Wang S, Chen H, Lu C. Increased Ca2 + transport across the mitochondria-associated membranes by Mfn2 inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in ischemia/reperfusion kidney injury. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17257. [PMID: 37828353 PMCID: PMC10570331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which leads to acute kidney injury (AKI), is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in a variety of clinical situations. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of Mfn2 during renal I/R injury. Overexpression of Mfn2 in NRK-52E rat renal tubular epithelial cells and rats, then we constructed hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) cells and I/R rat model. Apoptosis, ROS, ATP, Ca2+ levels in cells and rats, as well as renal tissue and functional injury in rats were detected respectively. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was further examined in cells and rats. The morphological changes of mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) were also detected. Mfn2 expression is reduced in H/R-treated NRK-52E cells and renal tissue of I/R rats. At the cellular level, overexpression of Mfn2 promoted cell proliferation, inhibited cell apoptosis, attenuated mitochondrial damage and Ca2+ overload, and ER stress. In addition, Mfn2 also restored the MAMs structure. In vivo experiments found that overexpression of Mfn2 could improve renal function and alleviate tissue injury. Concomitant with elevated Mfn2 expression in the kidney, reduced renal cell apoptosis, restored mitochondrial function, and reduced calcium overload. Finally, ER stress in rat kidney tissue was alleviated after overexpression of Mfn2. These results reveal that Mfn2 contributes to ER stress, mitochondrial function, and cell death in I/R injury, which provides a novel therapeutic target for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Wang
- Nephrology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Xiaohong Sang
- Nephrology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Suhua Li
- Nephrology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Nephrology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Shihan Wang
- Nephrology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Nephrology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Nephrology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinshi District, Urumqi, 830054, China.
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Tan Y, Liu M, Li M, Chen Y, Ren M. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitory compounds from natural sources. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1046818. [PMID: 36408235 PMCID: PMC9672321 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1046818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
L-tryptophan metabolism is involved in the regulation of many important physiological processes, such as, immune response, inflammation, and neuronal function. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the first rate-limiting step of tryptophan conversion to kynurenine. Thus, inhibiting IDO1 may have therapeutic benefits for various diseases, such as, cancer, autoimmune disease, and depression. In the search for potent IDO1 inhibitors, natural quinones were the first reported IDO1 inhibitors with potent inhibitory activity. Subsequently, natural compounds with diverse structures have been found to have anti-IDO1 inhibitory activity. In this review, we provide a summary of these natural IDO1 inhibitors, which are classified as quinones, polyphenols, alkaloids and others. The overview of in vitro IDO1 inhibitory activity of natural compounds will help medicinal chemists to understand the mode of action and medical benefits of them. The scaffolds of these natural compounds can also be used for further optimization of potent IDO1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tan
- Experiment Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Office of Academic Affairs, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yujuan Chen
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Ren
- United Front Work Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Meng Ren,
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