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Qiu FS, Wang JF, Guo MY, Li XJ, Shi CY, Wu F, Zhang HH, Ying HZ, Yu CH. Rgl-exomiR-7972, a novel plant exosomal microRNA derived from fresh Rehmanniae Radix, ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury and gut dysbiosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115007. [PMID: 37327587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) have been proposed as a novel therapeutic tool for preventing human diseases. However, the number of well-verified plant ELNs remains limited. In this study, the microRNAs in ELNs derived from fresh Rehmanniae Radix, a well-known traditional Chinese herb for treating inflammatory and metabolic diseases, were determined by using microRNA sequencing to investigate the active components in the ELNs and the protection against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung inflammation in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that rgl-miR-7972 (miR-7972) was the main ingredient in ELNs. It exerted stronger protective activities against LPS-induced acute lung inflammation than catalpol and acteoside, which are two well-known chemical markers in this herb. Moreover, miR-7972 decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-exposed RAW264.7 cells, thereby facilitating M2 macrophage polarization. Mechanically, miR-7972 downregulated the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 161 (GPR161), activating the Hedgehog pathway, and inhibited the biofilm form of Escherichia coli via targeting virulence gene sxt2. Therefore, miR-7972 derived from fresh R. Radix alleviated LPS-induced lung inflammation by targeting the GPR161-mediated Hedgehog pathway, recovering gut microbiota dysbiosis. It also provided a new direction for gaining novel bioactivity nucleic acid drugs and broadening the knowledge on cross-kingdom physiological regulation through miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen-Sheng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Ying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Xue-Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Chang-Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Hua-Zhong Ying
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Chen-Huan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Morales C, Arias-Carrasco R, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Seron P, Lanas F, Salazar LA, Saavedra N. Differences in Bacterial Small RNAs in Stool Samples from Hypercholesterolemic and Normocholesterolemic Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087213. [PMID: 37108373 PMCID: PMC10138442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism is important at the physiological level as well as in several diseases, with small RNA being an element to consider in terms of its epigenetic control. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify differences between bacterial small RNAs present at the gut level in hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic individuals. Twenty stool samples were collected from hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic subjects. RNA extraction and small RNA sequencing were performed, followed by bioinformatics analyses with BrumiR, Bowtie 2, BLASTn, DESeq2, and IntaRNA, after the filtering of the reads with fastp. In addition, the prediction of secondary structures was obtained with RNAfold WebServer. Most of the small RNAs were of bacterial origin and presented a greater number of readings in normocholesterolemic participants. The upregulation of small RNA ID 2909606 associated with Coprococcus eutactus (family Lachnospiraceae) was presented in hypercholesterolemic subjects. In addition, a positive correlation was established between small RNA ID 2149569 from the species Blautia wexlerae and hypercholesterolemic subjects. Other bacterial and archaeal small RNAs that interacted with the LDL receptor (LDLR) were identified. For these sequences, the prediction of secondary structures was also obtained. There were significant differences in bacterial small RNAs associated with cholesterol metabolism in hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Morales
- Centro de Biología Molecular y Farmacogenética, Núcleo Científico-Tecnológico en Biorecursos BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Temuco 4801076, Chile
| | - Raul Arias-Carrasco
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8330378, Chile
| | - Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases-ACCDiS, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380494, Chile
| | - Pamela Seron
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Rehabilitación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781151, Chile
| | - Fernando Lanas
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781151, Chile
| | - Luis A Salazar
- Centro de Biología Molecular y Farmacogenética, Núcleo Científico-Tecnológico en Biorecursos BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Nicolás Saavedra
- Centro de Biología Molecular y Farmacogenética, Núcleo Científico-Tecnológico en Biorecursos BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Bryniarski K, Nazimek K. Advances in the Current Understanding of the Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Allergy, Autoimmunity and Immune Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214311. [PMID: 36430786 PMCID: PMC9695904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, both under physiological and pathological conditions, making EV-dependent signaling cascades a very precise system of intercellular communication [...].
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Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911503. [PMID: 36232796 PMCID: PMC9569743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period is driven by epigenetic programs primarily triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients provided by human milk. As shown recently, exosomes derived from various origins interact with β cells. This review elucidates the potential role of milk-derived exosomes (MEX) and their microRNAs (miRs) on pancreatic β cell programming during the postnatal period of lactation as well as during continuous cow milk exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX. Mechanistic evidence suggests that MEX miRs stimulate mTORC1/c-MYC-dependent postnatal β cell proliferation and glycolysis, but attenuate β cell differentiation, mitochondrial function, and insulin synthesis and secretion. MEX miR content is negatively affected by maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, psychological stress, caesarean delivery, and is completely absent in infant formula. Weaning-related disappearance of MEX miRs may be the critical event switching β cells from proliferation to TGF-β/AMPK-mediated cell differentiation, whereas continued exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX miRs via intake of pasteurized cow milk may reverse β cell differentiation, promoting β cell de-differentiation. Whereas MEX miR signaling supports postnatal β cell proliferation (diabetes prevention), persistent bovine MEX exposure after the lactation period may de-differentiate β cells back to the postnatal phenotype (diabetes induction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-52-4198-8060
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Zhang J, Askenase P, Crumpacker CS. Systems Vaccinology in HIV Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101624. [PMID: 36298489 PMCID: PMC9611490 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Themes of discussions in the Special Issue of T Cell Immunity and HIV-1 Pathogenicity are outlined here [...]
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