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Tuan Duong B, Ju Yeo S, Park H. Identification of specific neutralizing antibodies for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 2.3.4.4b clades to facilitate vaccine design and therapeutics. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2302106. [PMID: 38170506 PMCID: PMC10810642 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2302106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 2.3.4.4 and 2.3.2.1c subclades have distinct antigenic properties and are responsible for the majority of human infections. Therefore, it is essential to understand the processes by which antibodies inhibit these subclade viruses to develop effective therapies and vaccines to prevent their escape from neutralizing antibodies. Herein, we report the epitopes of two specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting haemagglutinin (HA) of the H5 2.3.4.4b subclade and their neutralizing abilities. The results indicated that the two mAbs provided specific protection against the H5 2.3.4.4b clade viral challenge in MDCK cells and mouse models. Through epitope identification and docking studies, we showed that these novel sites (which are located near the 130-loop (S136, T143) and 190-helix (N199, N205) of HA receptor-binding sites that contribute to the binding affinity of neutralizing mAbs and six residues of the complementarity-determining regions) can be targeted to generate antibodies with enhanced cross-neutralization. This can also help in understanding escape mutations that differ among the H5 2.3.4.4b, h, and 2.3.2.1c subclades. These results provide specific information to facilitate future vaccine design and therapeutics for both subclade viruses, which are dominant and pose a serious threat to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Tuan Duong
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Seon Ju Yeo
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
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Nguyen MN, Yeo SJ, Park H. Identification of novel biomarkers for anti- Toxoplasma gondii IgM detection and the potential application in rapid diagnostic fluorescent tests. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1385582. [PMID: 38894968 PMCID: PMC11184589 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis, while often asymptomatic and prevalent as a foodborne disease, poses a considerable mortality risk for immunocompromised individuals during pregnancy. Point-of-care serological tests that detect specific IgG and IgM in patient sera are critical for disease management under limited resources. Despite many efforts to replace the T. gondii total lysate antigens (TLAs) by recombinant antigens (rAgs) in commercial kits, while IgG detection provides significant specificity and sensitivity, IgM detection remains comparatively low in sensitivity. In this study, we attempted to identify novel antigens targeting IgM in early infection, thereby establishing an IgM on-site detection kit. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and mouse serum immunoblotting, three novel antigens, including EF1γ, PGKI, and GAP50, were indicated to target T. gondii IgM. However, rAg EF1γ was undetectable by IgM of mice sera in Western blotting verification experiments, and ELISA coated with PGKI did not eliminate cross-reactivity, in contrast to GAP50. Subsequently, the lateral flow reaction employing a strip coated with 0.3 mg/mL purified rAg GAP50 and exhibited remarkable sensitivity compared with the conventional ELISA based on tachyzoite TLA, which successfully identified IgM in mouse sera infected with tachyzoites, ranging from 103 to 104 at 5 dpi and 104 at 7 dpi, respectively. Furthermore, by using standard T. gondii-infected human sera from WHO, the limit of detection (LOD) for the rapid fluorescence immunochromatographic test (FICT) using GAP50 was observed at 0.65 IU (international unit). These findings underline the particular immunoreactivity of GAP50, suggesting its potential as a specific biomarker for increasing the sensitivity of the FICT in IgM detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Zoonosis Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ju Yeo
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Zoonosis Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
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Li Y, Shang J, Wang Y, Luo J, Jiang W, Yin X, Zhang F, Deng C, Yu X, Liu H. Establishment of two assays based on reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification technology for rapid detection of H5 subtype avian influenza virus. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0218623. [PMID: 37811963 PMCID: PMC10715165 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02186-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5 is a highly contagious zoonotic disease and a serious threat to the farming industry and public health. Traditional detection methods, including virus isolation and real-time PCR, require tertiary biological laboratories and are time-consuming and complex to perform, making it difficult to rapidly diagnose H5 subtype avian influenza viruses. In this study, we successfully developed two methods, namely, RF-RT-RAA and RT-RAA-LFD, for rapid detection of H5-AIV. The assays are characterized by their high specificity, sensitivity, and user-friendliness. Moreover, the results of the reaction can be visually assessed, which are suitable for both laboratory testing and grassroots farm screening for H5-AIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiajing Shang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Luo
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Yin
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuyou Zhang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunran Deng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - HuaLei Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
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Wei-Wen Hsiao W, Fadhilah G, Lee CC, Endo R, Lin YJ, Angela S, Ku CC, Chang HC, Chiang WH. Nanomaterial-based biosensors for avian influenza virus: A new way forward. Talanta 2023; 265:124892. [PMID: 37451119 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Avian influenza virus (AIV) is a zoonotic virus that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Although human infections are rare, the virus has a high mortality rate when contracted. Appropriate detection methods are thus crucial for combatting this pathogen. There is a growing demand for rapid, selective, and accurate methods of identifying the virus. Numerous biosensors have been designed and commercialized to detect AIV. However, they all have considerable shortcomings. Nanotechnology offers a new way forward. Nanomaterials produce more eco-friendly, rapid, and portable diagnostic systems. They also exhibit high sensitivity and selectivity while achieving a low detection limit (LOD). This paper reviews state-of-the-art nanomaterial-based biosensors for AIV detection, such as those composed of quantum dots, gold, silver, carbon, silica, nanodiamond, and other nanoparticles. It also offers insight into potential trial protocols for creating more effective methods of identifying AIV and discusses key issues associated with developing nanomaterial-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Wei-Wen Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Gianna Fadhilah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Lee
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ryu Endo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 43210, USA
| | - Yu-Jou Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan
| | - Stefanny Angela
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Ku
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Cheng Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan; Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan.
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Yan S, Yang F, Yao H, Dong D, Wu D, Wu N, Ye C, Wu H. A multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of H1, H2 and H3 subtype avian influenza viruses. Virus Genes 2023; 59:333-337. [PMID: 36515804 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01963-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are influenza A viruses, of which subtypes H1, H2 and H3 are highly transmissible in poultry and have the risk of transmission to human as well. It is important to establish an accurate, sensitive and convenient means of virus detection. In this study, we developed a multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay based on conserved sequences of the virus hemagglutinin and matrix, and designed primers and probes for the simultaneous and rapid detection of AIV subtypes H1, H2 and H3. We used different subtypes of AIVs and other avian respiratory viruses for evaluation of the specificity of this method. The results showed good sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility. The detection limit was 10-100 copies per reaction. The method also achieved good concordance with the virus isolation method when compared to 81 poultry samples evaluated. It provides a new method for detecting mixed infections of AIVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hangping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Dalu Dong
- Hangzhou Biotest Biotech Co.,Ltd, 27 Tuyi Road, Cangqian Street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danna Wu
- Hangzhou Biotest Biotech Co.,Ltd, 27 Tuyi Road, Cangqian Street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nanping Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Chunsheng Ye
- Hangzhou Biotest Biotech Co.,Ltd, 27 Tuyi Road, Cangqian Street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Haibo Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, China.
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