1
|
Smack C, Johnson B, Nyalwidhe JO, Semmes OJ, Yang L. Small extracellular vesicles: Roles and clinical application in prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:119-190. [PMID: 39032949 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a significant health problem in the United States. It is remarkably heterogenous, ranging from slow growing disease amenable to active surveillance to highly aggressive forms requiring active treatments. Therefore, being able to precisely determine the nature of disease and appropriately match patients to available and/or novel therapeutics is crucial to improve patients' overall outcome and quality of life. Recently small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), a subset of nanoscale membranous vesicles secreted by various cells, have emerged as important analytes for liquid biopsy and promising vehicles for drug delivery. sEVs contain various biomolecules such as genetic material, proteins, and lipids that recapitulate the characteristics and state of their donor cells. The application of existing and newly developed technologies has resulted in an increased depth of knowledge about biophysical structures, biogenesis, and functions of sEVs. In prostate cancer patients, tumor-derived sEVs can be isolated from biofluids, commonly urine and blood. They mediate intercellular signaling within the tumor microenvironment and distal organ-specific sites, supporting cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. A mounting body of evidence suggests that sEV components can be potent biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of disease progression and treatment response. Due to enhanced circulation stability and bio-barrier permeability, sEVs can be also used as effective drug delivery carriers to improve the efficacy and specificity of anti-tumor therapies. This review discusses recent studies on sEVs in prostate cancer and is focused on their role as biomarkers and drug delivery vehicles in the clinical management of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Smack
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Benjamin Johnson
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Julius O Nyalwidhe
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - O John Semmes
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Lifang Yang
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liao C, Huang Z, Liu J, Deng M, Wang L, Chen Y, Li J, Zhao J, Luo X, Zhu J, Wu Q, Fu W, Sun B, Zheng J. Role of extracellular vesicles in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 197:104348. [PMID: 38588967 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common health threat to men worldwide, and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) is the leading cause of PCa-related deaths. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer compartments secreted by living cells that are important mediators of intercellular communication. EVs regulate the biological processes of recipient cells by transmitting heterogeneous cargoes, contributing to CRPC occurrence, progression, and drug resistance. These EVs originate not only from malignant cells, but also from various cell types within the tumor microenvironment. EVs are widely dispersed throughout diverse biological fluids and are attractive biomarkers derived from noninvasive liquid biopsy techniques. EV quantities and cargoes have been tested as potential biomarkers for CRPC diagnosis, progression, drug resistance, and prognosis; however, technical barriers to their clinical application continue to exist. Furthermore, exogenous EVs may provide tools for new therapies for CRPC. This review summarizes the current evidence on the role of EVs in CRPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Liao
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Zeyu Huang
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jingui Liu
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Min Deng
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Leyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jingzhen Zhu
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Qingjian Wu
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Weihua Fu
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Bishao Sun
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Ji Zheng
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen H, Pang B, Zhou C, Han M, Gong J, Li Y, Jiang J. Prostate cancer-derived small extracellular vesicle proteins: the hope in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:480. [PMID: 38093355 PMCID: PMC10720096 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Current diagnostic tools for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and risk stratification are insufficient. The hidden onset and poor efficacy of traditional therapies against metastatic PCa make this disease a heavy burden in global men's health. Prostate cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (PCDEVs) have garnered attention in recent years due to their important role in communications in tumor microenvironment. Recent advancements have demonstrated PCDEVs proteins play an important role in PCa invasion, progression, metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and immune escape. In this review, we briefly discuss the applications of sEV proteins in PCa diagnosis and prognosis in liquid biopsy, focus on the roles of the PCa-derived small EVs (sEVs) proteins in tumor microenvironment associated with cancer progression, and explore the therapeutic potential of sEV proteins applied for future metastatic PCa therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Chen
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bairen Pang
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Han
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gong
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.
- School of Clinical Medicine, St. George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Junhui Jiang
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Urology, Ningbo First Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315600, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Singh AD, Patnam S, Manocha A, Bashyam L, Rengan AK, Sasidhar MV. Polyethylene glycol-based isolation of urinary extracellular vesicles, an easily adoptable protocol. MethodsX 2023; 11:102310. [PMID: 37608961 PMCID: PMC10440582 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Urine is a highly advantageous biological specimen for biomarker research and is a non-invasive source. Most of the urinary biomarkers are non-specific, volatile and need extensive validation before clinical adoption. Extracellular vesicles are secreted by almost all cells and are involved in homoeostasis, intercellular communication, and cellular processes in healthy and pathophysiological states. Urinary extracellular vesicles (UEVs) are released from the urogenital system and mirror the molecular processes of physiological and pathological states of their source cells. Therefore, UEVs serve as a valuable source of biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of various pathologies. They hold a promising source of multiplex biomarkers suitable for prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy monitoring. UEVs are easily accessible, non-invasive, and suited for longitudinal sampling. Although various techniques are available for isolating UEVs, there is yet to be a consensus on a standard and ideal protocol. We have optimized an efficient, reliable, and easily adoptable polyethylene glycol (PEG) based UEV isolation technique following MISEV guidelines. The method is suitable for various downstream applications of UEVs. This could be a cost-effective, consistent, and accessible procedure for many clinical labs and is most suited for longitudinal analysis. Adopting the protocol will pave the way for establishing UEVs as the ideal biomarker source. •Urine can be collected non-invasively and repeatedly, hence a very useful specimen for biomarker discovery. Urinary EVs (UEVs), derived from urine, offer a stable diagnostic tool, but standardised isolation and analysis approaches are warranted.•To have enough UEVs for any study, large volumes of urine sample are necessary, which limits different isolation methods by cost, yield, and time.•The protocol developed could help researchers by offering a cost-effective and dependable UEV isolation method and may lay the foundation for UEVs adoption in clinical space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anula Divyash Singh
- Apollo Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Hyderabad, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sreekanth Patnam
- Apollo Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Hyderabad, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Hyderabad, India
| | - Anisha Manocha
- Department of Histopathology, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Leena Bashyam
- Genomics Facility, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manda Venkata Sasidhar
- Apollo Hospitals Educational and Research Foundation (AHERF), Hyderabad, India
- Urvogelbio Private Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
McCabe A, Zaheed O, Derlipanska M, Merrin G, Dean K. The copious capabilities of non-coding RNAs in cancer regulation, diagnosis and treatment. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2023; 37:100768. [PMID: 37852123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Globally, cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality, accounting for 10 million deaths per year. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play integral and diverse roles in cancer, possessing the ability to both promote oncogenesis and impede tumor formation. This review discusses the various roles of microRNAs, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs, long non-coding RNAs and lncRNA-derived microproteins in cancer progression and prevention. We highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of these ncRNAs, with a particular focus on detection in liquid biopsies and targeting of ncRNAs with small inhibitory molecules. Ultimately, the biological functions of cancer-associated ncRNAs, as well as the development of ncRNA-based technologies, are compelling areas for further research, holding the possibility of revolutionizing cancer treatment and diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aideen McCabe
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland; The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Ireland
| | - Oza Zaheed
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland; The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Ireland
| | - Magdalina Derlipanska
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - George Merrin
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Kellie Dean
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Azani A, Omran SP, Ghasrsaz H, Idani A, Eliaderani MK, Peirovi N, Dokhani N, Lotfalizadeh MH, Rezaei MM, Ghahfarokhi MS, KarkonShayan S, Hanjani PN, Kardaan Z, Navashenagh JG, Yousefi M, Abdolahi M, Salmaninejad A. MicroRNAs as biomarkers for early diagnosis, targeting and prognosis of prostate cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154618. [PMID: 37331185 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Globally, prostate cancer (PC) is leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide. Despite significant advances in the treatment and management of this disease, the cure rates for PC remains low, largely due to late detection. PC detection is mostly reliant on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE); however, due to the low positive predictive value of current diagnostics, there is an urgent need to identify new accurate biomarkers. Recent studies support the biological role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation and progression of PC, as well as their potential as novel biomarkers for patients' diagnosis, prognosis, and disease relapse. In the advanced stages, cancer-cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) may constitute a significant part of circulating vesicles and cause detectable changes in the plasma vesicular miRNA profile. Recent computational model for the identification of miRNA biomarkers discussed. In addition, accumulating evidence indicates that miRNAs can be utilized to target PC cells. In this article, the current understanding of the role of microRNAs and exosomes in the pathogenesis and their significance in PC prognosis, early diagnosis, chemoresistance, and treatment are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Azani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sima Parvizi Omran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Ghasrsaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Asra Idani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Niloufar Peirovi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Dokhani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Sepideh KarkonShayan
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Parisa Najari Hanjani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zahra Kardaan
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Yousefi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mitra Abdolahi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multi-Disciplinary Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aveta A, Cilio S, Contieri R, Spena G, Napolitano L, Manfredi C, Franco A, Crocerossa F, Cerrato C, Ferro M, Del Giudice F, Verze P, Lasorsa F, Salonia A, Nair R, Walz J, Lucarelli G, Pandolfo SD. Urinary MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Urological Cancers: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10846. [PMID: 37446024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as biomarkers for the detection and prognosis of cancers due to their inherent stability and resilience. To summarize the evidence regarding the role of urinary miRNAs (umiRNAs) in the detection, prognosis, and therapy of genitourinary cancers, we performed a systematic review of the most important scientific databases using the following keywords: (urinary miRNA) AND (prostate cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (bladder cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (renal cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (testicular cancer); (urinary miRNA) AND (urothelial cancer). Of all, 1364 articles were screened. Only original studies in the English language on human specimens were considered for inclusion in our systematic review. Thus, a convenient sample of 60 original articles was identified. UmiRNAs are up- or downregulated in prostate cancer and may serve as potential non-invasive molecular biomarkers. Several umiRNAs have been identified as diagnostic biomarkers of urothelial carcinoma and bladder cancer (BC), allowing us to discriminate malignant from nonmalignant forms of hematuria. UmiRNAs could serve as therapeutic targets or recurrence markers of non-muscle-invasive BC and could predict the aggressivity and prognosis of muscle-invasive BC. In renal cell carcinoma, miRNAs have been identified as predictors of tumor detection, aggressiveness, and progression to metastasis. UmiRNAs could play an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of urological cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achille Aveta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Urology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Cancer Centre, 13055 Marseille, France
| | - Simone Cilio
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Contieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Gianluca Spena
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Celeste Manfredi
- Unit of Urology, Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Franco
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Crocerossa
- Department of Urology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Clara Cerrato
- Urology Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Verze
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Francesco Lasorsa
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rajesh Nair
- The Urology Centre, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jochen Walz
- Department of Urology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Cancer Centre, 13055 Marseille, France
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Savio Domenico Pandolfo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Fisciano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Larson J, Ozen MO, Kohli M, Akin D, Demirci U. Systematic Analysis of Tissue-Derived and Biofluid Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs Associated with Prostate Cancer. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023:e2200327. [PMID: 37300338 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as biomarker candidates for early detection of prostate cancer. Studies compare EV-microRNA (miRNA) expression in individuals with prostate cancer (PCa) with cancer-free samples for diagnostic purposes. The aim of this study is to review miRNA signatures to investigate the overlap between miRNAs enriched in PCa tissue and miRNAs enriched in EVs isolated from subjects with PCa biofluids (i.e., urine, serum, and plasma). Signatures dysregulated in EVs from PCa biofluids and tissue are potentially associated with the primary tumor site and might be more indicative of PCa at an early stage. A systematic review of EV-derived miRNAs and a reanalysis of PCa tissue miRNA sequencing data for comparison is presented. Articles in the literature are screened for validated miRNA dysregulation in PCa and compared with TCGA primary PCa tumor data using DESeq2. This resulted in 190 dysregulated miRNAs being identified. Thirty-one eligible studies are identified, indicating 39 dysregulated EV-derived miRNAs. The top ten markers identified as significantly dysregulated in the PCa tissue dataset TCGA (e.g., miR-30b-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-126-3p, and miR-196a-5p) have a significant expression change in EVs with the same directionality in one or several statistically significant results. This analysis highlights several less frequently studied miRNAs in PCa literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeevan Larson
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| | - Mehmet Ozgun Ozen
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| | - Manish Kohli
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 84112, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Demir Akin
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering (by courtesy), Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chromatographic-Based Platforms as New Avenues for Scientific Progress and Sustainability. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165267. [PMID: 36014506 PMCID: PMC9412595 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatography was born approximately one century ago and has undergone outstanding technological improvements in innovation, research, and development since then that has made it fundamental to advances in knowledge at different levels, with a relevant impact on the well-being and health of individuals. Chromatography boosted a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the complexity and diversity of human–environment interactions and systems, how these interactions affect our life, and the several societal challenges we are currently facing, namely those related to the sustainability of our planet and the future generations. From the life sciences, which allowed us to identify endogenous metabolites relevant to disease mechanisms, to the OMICS field, nanotechnology, clinical and forensic analysis, drug discovery, environment, and “foodprint”, among others, the wide range of applications of today’s chromatographic techniques is impressive. This is fueled by a great variability of powerful chromatographic instruments currently available, with very high sensitivity, resolution, and identification capacity, that provide a strong basis for an analytical platform able to support the challenging demands of the postgenomic and post COVID-19 eras. Within this context, this review aims to address the great utility of chromatography in helping to cope with several societal-based challenges, such as the characterization of disease and/or physiological status, and the response to current agri-food industry challenges of food safety and sustainability, or the monitoring of environmental contamination. These are increasingly important challenges considering the climate changes, the tons of food waste produced every day, and the exponential growth of the human population. In this context, the principles governing the separation mechanisms in chromatography as well the different types and chromatographic techniques will be described. In addition, the major achievements and the most important technological advances will be also highlighted. Finally, a set of studies was selected in order to evince the importance of different chromatographic analyses to understand processes or create fundamental information in the response to current societal challenges.
Collapse
|
10
|
Sheng S, Yang H, Song Y, Chen R, Liang S, Fang H. Size-Dependent Spontaneous Separation of Colloidal Particles in Sub-Microliter Suspension by Cations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158055. [PMID: 35897631 PMCID: PMC9329736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Great efforts have been made to separate micro/nanoparticles in small-volume specimens, but it is a challenge to achieve the simple, maneuverable and low-cost separation of sub-microliter suspension with large separation distances. By simply adding trace amounts of cations (Mg2+/Ca2+/Na+), we experimentally achieved the size-dependent spontaneous separation of colloidal particles in an evaporating droplet with a volume down to 0.2 μL. The separation distance was at a millimeter level, benefiting the subsequent processing of the specimen. Within only three separating cycles, the mass ratio between particles with diameters of 1.0 μm and 0.1 μm can be effectively increased to 13 times of its initial value. A theoretical analysis indicates that this spontaneous separation is attributed to the size-dependent adsorption between the colloidal particles and the aromatic substrate due to the strong hydrated cation-π interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Sheng
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (S.S.); (Y.S.); (R.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Haijun Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory (SSRF, ZJLab), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China;
- CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yongshun Song
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (S.S.); (Y.S.); (R.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Ruoyang Chen
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (S.S.); (Y.S.); (R.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Shanshan Liang
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (S.S.); (Y.S.); (R.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Haiping Fang
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (S.S.); (Y.S.); (R.C.); (S.L.)
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|