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Torres-Rodriguez A, Darvishzadeh R, Skidmore AK, Fränzel-Luiten E, Knaken B, Schuur B. High-throughput Soxhlet extraction method applied for analysis of leaf lignocellulose and non-structural substances. MethodsX 2024; 12:102644. [PMID: 38660031 PMCID: PMC11041828 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The traditional Soxhlet extraction method is commonly employed to extract soluble components from non-soluble components in a solid matrix, for example, non-structural substances in biomass samples that can be separated from structural lignocellulosic compounds in biomass samples. Conventional laboratory procedures for such extractions typically involve a low sample throughput, with each run being performed individually, resulting in time-consuming and labour-intensive processes, making them impractical for analysing large sample sets. In research fields such as Earth Observation in Forest Ecosystems, extensive fieldwork sampling is required across large study areas, resulting in a substantial number of leaf samples, each with limited mass. In this study, an innovative adaptation of the conventional National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Soxhlet method is developed to create a high-throughput mini-Soxhlet apparatus that enables the simultaneous extraction of up to nineteen samples, each with a mass of 0.3 g per sample. With this adaptation, we measured the lignocellulose and extractive in 343 leaf samples collected from four temperate forest tree species. This modified approach enhances versatility and can be applied to all solid-liquid extractions and various types of vegetation tissues, such as tree leaves, shrubs, crops, feedstock, and other non-woody samples.•The solid-liquid extraction method has been implemented in a heating block facilitating 19 small flasks to measure multiple samples simultaneously while requiring only a small sample mass.•The apparatus set-up was constructed using an alumina heating block mounted on a standard laboratory heating plate. Boiling flask tubes were placed in the heating block and equipped with condenser caps and filters on glass rods on which the solid samples were placed.•The adjustments made the method suitable for application to diverse vegetation tissues and non-woody sample types. It holds particular appeal for research areas that necessitate a high sample number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Torres-Rodriguez
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, P.O. box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Roshanak Darvishzadeh
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, P.O. box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew K. Skidmore
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, P.O. box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Erna Fränzel-Luiten
- Sustainable Process Technology Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Benno Knaken
- Sustainable Process Technology Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Boelo Schuur
- Sustainable Process Technology Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
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Liu M, Li Z, Cui Q, Yan B, Achi JG, Zhao Y, Rong L, Du R. Integrated serum pharmacochemistry and investigation of the anti-influenza A virus pneumonia effect of Qingjin Huatan decoction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117701. [PMID: 38185258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qingjin Huatan Decoction (QJHTT) consists of 11 herbal medicines: Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis, Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC., Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl., Morus alba L., Fritillaria thunbergii Miq., Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim., Citrus reticulata Blanco, Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. As a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, QJHTT has been used for more than 400 years in China. It has shown promising results in treating influenza A virus (IAV) pneumonia. AIM OF THE STUDY To elusive the specific pharmacological constituents and mechanisms underlying its anti-IAV pneumonia effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The components in QJHTT were analyzed through the use of a serum pharmacology-based ultra high-performance liquid chromatography Q- Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-MS) method. Simultaneously, the dynamic changes in IAV-infected mouse lung viral load, lung index, and expression of lung inflammation factors were monitored by qRT-PCR. RESULTS We successfully identified 152 chemical components within QJHTT, along with 59 absorbed chemical prototype constituents found in the serum of mice treated with QJHTT. 43.45% of these chemical components and 43.10% of the prototype constituents were derived from the monarch drugs, namely Huangqin and Zhizi, aligning perfectly with traditional Chinese medicine theory. Notably, our analysis led to the discovery of 14 compounds within QJHTT for the first time, three of which were absorbed into the bloodstream. Simultaneously, we observed that QJHTT not only reduced the viral load but also modulated the expression of inflammation factors in the lung tissue including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL17A. A time-effect analysis further revealed that QJHTT intervention effectively suppressed the peak of inflammatory responses, demonstrating a robust anti-IAV pneumonia effect. CONCLUSIONS We comprehensively analyzed the pharmacological material basis of QJHTT by a highly sensitive and high-resolution UHPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-MS method, and demonstrated its efficacy in combating IAV pneumonia by reducing lung viral load and inflammatory factors. This study has significant importance for elucidating the pharmacological basis and pharmacological mechanism of QJHTT in combating IAV pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China
| | - Zhongyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China; Innovative Institute of Chinse Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Beibei Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Jazmin Galvan Achi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yangang Zhao
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China.
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Ruikun Du
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China; Innovative Institute of Chinse Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
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da Silva Antonio A, dos Santos GRC, Pereira HMG, da Veiga-Junior VF, Wiedemann LSM. Chemical Profile of Ocotea delicata (Lauraceae) Using Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry-Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking Workflow. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:859. [PMID: 38592892 PMCID: PMC10975221 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Ocotea, the largest genus in the Lauraceae family, encompasses numerous species of scientific interest. However, most Ocotea species have only been described morphologically. This study used an untargeted metabolomics workflow with UHPLC-HRMS and GNPS-FBMN to provide the first chemical evaluation of the polar specialized metabolites of O. delicata leaves. Leaves from three O. delicata specimens were extracted using ultrasound-assisted extraction with 70% ethanol. Among the examined samples, 44 metabolites, including alkaloids and flavonoids, were identified. In contrast to other Ocotea species, O. delicata has a wider diversity of kaempferol derivatives than quercetin. The biomass of the specimens showed a significant correlation with the chemical profile. The similarity among specimens was mostly determined by the concentrations of quinic acid, kaempferol glycosides, and boldine. The evaluated specimens exhibited chemical features similar to those of species classified as New World Ocotea, with the coexistence of aporphine and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda da Silva Antonio
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Avenida Rodrigo Otávio, 6200, Coroado, Manaus 69077-000, AM, Brazil; (A.d.S.A.); (G.R.C.d.S.); (H.M.G.P.)
- Laboratory for the Support of Technological Development, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Horácio Macedo, 1281—Polo de Química—Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ramalho Cardoso dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Avenida Rodrigo Otávio, 6200, Coroado, Manaus 69077-000, AM, Brazil; (A.d.S.A.); (G.R.C.d.S.); (H.M.G.P.)
| | - Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Avenida Rodrigo Otávio, 6200, Coroado, Manaus 69077-000, AM, Brazil; (A.d.S.A.); (G.R.C.d.S.); (H.M.G.P.)
| | - Valdir Florêncio da Veiga-Junior
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Praça General Tiburcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, RJ, Brazil
| | - Larissa Silveira Moreira Wiedemann
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Avenida Rodrigo Otávio, 6200, Coroado, Manaus 69077-000, AM, Brazil; (A.d.S.A.); (G.R.C.d.S.); (H.M.G.P.)
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Koshovyi O, Komisarenko M, Osolodchenko T, Komissarenko A, Mändar R, Kõljalg S, Heinämäki J, Raal A. Eucalypt Extracts Prepared by a No-Waste Method and Their 3D-Printed Dosage Forms Show Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Activity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:754. [PMID: 38592748 PMCID: PMC10976152 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry usually utilizes either hydrophobic or hydrophilic substances extracted from raw plant materials to prepare a final product. However, the waste products from the plant material still contain biologically active components with the opposite solubility. The aim of this study was to enhance the comprehensive usability of plant materials by developing a new no-waste extraction method for eucalypt leaves and by investigating the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of eucalypt extracts and their 3D-printed dosage forms. The present extraction method enabled us to prepare both hydrophobic soft extracts and hydrophilic (aqueous) dry extracts. We identified a total of 28 terpenes in the hydrophobic soft extract. In the hydrophilic dry extract, a total of 57 substances were identified, and 26 of them were successfully isolated. The eucalypt extracts studied showed significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Corynebacterium diphtheriae gravis, and Corynebacterium diphtheriae mitis. The anti-inflammatory activity of the dry extract was studied using a formalin-induced-edema model in mice. The maximum anti-exudative effect of the dry extract was 61.5% at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Composite gels of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and eucalypt extract were developed, and the key process parameters for semi-solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing of such gels were verified. The SSE 3D-printed preparations of novel synergistically acting eucalypt extracts could have uses in antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Koshovyi
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (O.K.); (J.H.)
- Pharmacognosy Department, The National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska St., 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (M.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Mykola Komisarenko
- Pharmacognosy Department, The National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska St., 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (M.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Tatyana Osolodchenko
- State Institution “I.Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, 14-16, Pushkinskaya St., 61057 Kharkov, Ukraine;
| | - Andrey Komissarenko
- Pharmacognosy Department, The National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska St., 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (M.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Reet Mändar
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (R.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Siiri Kõljalg
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (R.M.); (S.K.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, L. Puusepa 1a, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jyrki Heinämäki
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (O.K.); (J.H.)
| | - Ain Raal
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (O.K.); (J.H.)
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El Hammadi N, Almajano MP, Pastor MV, Codina-Torrella I. Evaluating the Incorporation of Myrtus communis L. Leaves Infusion in Alginate-Based Films and Spheres to Enhance the Oxidative Stability of Oil-in-Water Emulsions. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:649. [PMID: 38475332 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Myrtus communis L. is a species of the Myrtaceae family that is found in the Mediterranean region, and it is traditionally recognized for its importance and different uses. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of M. communis L. leaf extract (MCLE), which was incorporated directly into alginate spheres and films, on preserving oil-in-water emulsions from oxidation. For this purpose, the solvent extraction (with ethanol at 40, 60, and 80%) of the antioxidant compounds was optimized (total phenolic compounds (TPCs) and total flavonoid content (TFC)) along with the scavenging activity. The best condition for the extraction corresponded with 60% ethanol (MCLE60), with a TPC of ~66.06 g GAE/L and a TFC of ~18.91 g QE/L, which was selected for use in the following assays. MCLE60 showed a considerable radical scavenging activity (24.85 mmol TE/L in FRAP, 28.75 mmol TE/L in DPPH, 30.61 mmol TE/L in ABTS, and 14.94 mmol TE/L in ORAC), which was probably due to its content in the phenolic compounds arbutin (122.08 mg/L), epicatechin (73.89 mg/L), sinapic acid (51.85 mg/L), and gallic acid (36.72 mg/L). The oil-in-water emulsions with the MCLE60 spheres showed the best oxidative stability (TBARS ~2.64 mg MDA/kg of emulsion, PV ~35.7 meq hydroperoxides/kg of emulsion) in comparison to the control. The film was also able to protect the emulsion from oxidation for more than a week at 30 °C (TBARS ~1.9 mg MDA/kg of emulsion). The alginate films with MCLE60 presented an important release of phenolic compounds in water and acetic food simulants, while in both ethanol simulants, the release of TPC remained more stable over time. Thus, this study highlights the potential uses of MCLE as a natural ingredient for emulsion oxidative preservation and the production of alginate delivery systems (spheres and films).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisserine El Hammadi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Pilar Almajano
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Vicenta Pastor
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Idoia Codina-Torrella
- Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Esteve Terrades 8, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
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Sannino M, Vastolo A, Faugno S, Masucci F, Di Francia A, Sarubbi F, Pelosi ME, Kiatti DD, Serrapica F. The use of small diameter nozzles in temperature-controlled hemp oil extraction allows high oil yields and good quality residual hemp cake feed. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1322637. [PMID: 38249563 PMCID: PMC10796686 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1322637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of two nozzle diameters (6 and 8 mm) in a cold (50°C) hemp seed oil extraction process was evaluated in terms of extraction efficiency, and chemical composition and in vitro fermentation characteristics of the residual cake. Seeds of the varieties Futura 75 and Uso 31 were pressed using a mechanical press with a cooling device. Five pressings were carried out for each variety and nozzle size, the functional parameters of the extraction processes were recorded, and sample of the residual cakes (n = 20) were analyzed. The 6 mm nozzle determined a higher oil yield (+4%) with a limited increase in temperature in the pressing chamber and in the oil (on average + 3°C compared to the 8 mm nozzle). A lower oil yield and consequently a higher fat content in the corresponding cake was observed when using the 8 mm nozzle. Despite the similar fat content, the two varieties had different oil yields and different residual cake compositions. The gas production kinetic of cakes was influenced by variety but little by nozzle size. Overall, the use of a smaller nozzle in a temperature-controlled extraction process can be a useful option to increase hemp oil yield while maintaining good fermentation characteristics of the residual cakes as ruminant feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Sannino
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vastolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Salvatore Faugno
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Felicia Masucci
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Francia
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Fiorella Sarubbi
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Dieu donnè Kiatti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Yang Z, Man J, Liu Y, Zhang H, Wu D, Shao D, Hao B, Wang S. Study on the Alleviating Effect and Potential Mechanism of Ethanolic Extract of Limonium aureum (L.) Hill. on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16272. [PMID: 38003461 PMCID: PMC10671607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the host response of immune cells during infection and traumatic tissue injury. An uncontrolled inflammatory response leads to inflammatory cascade, which in turn triggers a variety of diseases threatening human and animal health. The use of existing inflammatory therapeutic drugs is constrained by their high cost and susceptibility to systemic side effects, and therefore new therapeutic candidates for inflammatory diseases need to be urgently developed. Natural products are characterized by wide sources and rich pharmacological activities, which are valuable resources for the development of new drugs. This study aimed to uncover the alleviating effect and potential mechanism of natural product Limonium aureum (LAH) on LPS-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages. The experimental results showed that the optimized conditions for LAH ultrasound-assisted extraction via response surface methodology were an ethanol concentration of 72%, a material-to-solvent ratio of 1:37 g/mL, an extraction temperature of 73 °C, and an extraction power of 70 W, and the average extraction rate of LAH total flavonoids was 0.3776%. Then, data of 1666 components in LAH ethanol extracts were obtained through quasi-targeted metabolomics analysis. The ELISA showed that LAH significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines while promoting the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, combined with the results of network pharmacology analysis and protein expression validation of hub genes, it was speculated that LAH may alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory responses of macrophages through the AKT1/RELA/PTGS2 signaling pathway and the MAPK3/JUN signaling pathway. This study preliminarily revealed the anti-inflammatory activity of LAH and the molecular mechanism of its anti-inflammatory action, and provided a theoretical basis for the development of LAH as a new natural anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.L.); (H.Z.); (D.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Jingyuan Man
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.L.); (H.Z.); (D.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.L.); (H.Z.); (D.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.L.); (H.Z.); (D.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Dan Shao
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.L.); (H.Z.); (D.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Baocheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.L.); (H.Z.); (D.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.L.); (H.Z.); (D.W.); (D.S.)
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8
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da Silva FC, Brandão DC, Ferreira EA, Siqueira RP, Ferreira HSV, Da Silva Filho AA, Araújo TG. Tailoring Potential Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Luminal Breast Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1466. [PMID: 37895937 PMCID: PMC10610388 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer worldwide, mainly affecting the epithelial cells from the mammary glands. When it expresses the estrogen receptor (ER), the tumor is called luminal BC, which is eligible for endocrine therapy with hormone signaling blockade. Hormone therapy is essential for the survival of patients, but therapeutic resistance has been shown to be worrying, significantly compromising the prognosis. In this context, the need to explore new compounds emerges, especially compounds of plant origin, since they are biologically active and particularly promising. Natural products are being continuously screened for treating cancer due to their chemical diversity, reduced toxicity, lower side effects, and low price. This review summarizes natural compounds for the treatment of luminal BC, emphasizing the activities of these compounds in ER-positive cells. Moreover, their potential as an alternative to endocrine resistance is explored, opening new opportunities for the design of optimized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cardoso da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, Brazil; (F.C.d.S.); (D.C.B.); (R.P.S.); (H.S.V.F.)
| | - Douglas Cardoso Brandão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, Brazil; (F.C.d.S.); (D.C.B.); (R.P.S.); (H.S.V.F.)
| | - Everton Allan Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil; (E.A.F.); (A.A.D.S.F.)
| | - Raoni Pais Siqueira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, Brazil; (F.C.d.S.); (D.C.B.); (R.P.S.); (H.S.V.F.)
| | - Helen Soares Valença Ferreira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, Brazil; (F.C.d.S.); (D.C.B.); (R.P.S.); (H.S.V.F.)
| | - Ademar Alves Da Silva Filho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil; (E.A.F.); (A.A.D.S.F.)
| | - Thaise Gonçalves Araújo
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, Brazil; (F.C.d.S.); (D.C.B.); (R.P.S.); (H.S.V.F.)
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia 38405-302, MG, Brazil
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9
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Wang H, Chen Y, Wang L, Liu Q, Yang S, Wang C. Advancing herbal medicine: enhancing product quality and safety through robust quality control practices. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1265178. [PMID: 37818188 PMCID: PMC10561302 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1265178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This manuscript provides an in-depth review of the significance of quality control in herbal medication products, focusing on its role in maintaining efficiency and safety. With a historical foundation in traditional medicine systems, herbal remedies have gained widespread popularity as natural alternatives to conventional treatments. However, the increasing demand for these products necessitates stringent quality control measures to ensure consistency and safety. This comprehensive review explores the importance of quality control methods in monitoring various aspects of herbal product development, manufacturing, and distribution. Emphasizing the need for standardized processes, the manuscript delves into the detection and prevention of contaminants, the authentication of herbal ingredients, and the adherence to regulatory standards. Additionally, it highlights the integration of traditional knowledge and modern scientific approaches in achieving optimal quality control outcomes. By emphasizing the role of quality control in herbal medicine, this manuscript contributes to promoting consumer trust, safeguarding public health, and fostering the responsible use of herbal medication products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongting Wang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Innovative Center for Drug Basic Research of Metabolic Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Cunqin Wang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Innovative Center for Drug Basic Research of Metabolic Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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10
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Weremczuk-Jeżyna I, Gonciarz W, Grzegorczyk-Karolak I. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Phenolic Acid-Rich Extract from Hairy Roots of Dracocephalum moldavica. Molecules 2023; 28:6759. [PMID: 37836602 PMCID: PMC10574805 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenolic acid-rich fractions of 80% methanolic extract from the hairy roots of Dracocephalum moldavica. The fractionation of the crude extract yielded the following: a diethyl ether fraction rich in caffeic acid (DM1) (25.85 mg/g DWE), an n-butyl fraction rich in rosmarinic acid (DM3) (43.94 mg/g DWE) and a water residue rich in salvianolic acid B (DM4) (51.46 mg/g DWE). The content of these compounds was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their antioxidant activity was evaluated based on DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt) and FRAP assays. The anti-inflammatory activity of the fractions was determined by their effect on nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activation and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production in LPS E. coli stimulated monocytes. The level of pro-inflammatory IL-1β in cells was measured using ELISA. The activation of NF-κB in THP1-Blue™ cells, resulting in the secretion of SEAP (secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase), was detected spectrophotometrically using Quanti-Blue reagent. Among the tested fractions, the diethyl ether fraction (DM1) showed the highest antioxidant potential, with an EC50 value of 15.41 µg/mL in the DPPH assay and 11.47 µg/mL in ABTS and a reduction potential of 10.9 mM Fe(II)/g DWE in FRAP. DM1 at a concentration of 10 mg/mL also efficiently reduced LPS-induced SEAP secretion (53% inhibition) and IL-1β production (47% inhibition) without affecting the normal growth of L929 fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Weremczuk-Jeżyna
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Weronika Gonciarz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostic, Medical University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
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11
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Hulkko LSS, Chaturvedi T, Custódio L, Thomsen MH. Harnessing the Value of Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum Halophyte Biomass through Integrated Green Biorefinery. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:380. [PMID: 37504911 PMCID: PMC10381832 DOI: 10.3390/md21070380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive extracts are often the target fractions in bioprospecting, and halophyte plants could provide a potential source of feedstock for high-value applications as a part of integrated biorefineries. Tripolium pannonicum (Jacq.) Dobrocz. (sea aster) and Crithmum maritimum L. (sea fennel) are edible plants suggested for biosaline halophyte-based agriculture. After food production and harvesting of fresh leaves for food, the inedible plant fractions could be utilized to produce extracts rich in bioactive phytochemicals to maximize feedstock application and increase the economic feasibility of biomass processing to bioenergy. This study analyzed fresh juice and extracts from screw-pressed sea aster and sea fennel for their different phenolic compounds and pigment concentrations. Antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities were also tested in vitro. Extracts from sea aster and sea fennel had phenolic contents up to 45.2 mgGAE/gDM and 64.7 mgGAE/gDM, respectively, and exhibited >70% antioxidant activity in several assays. Ethanol extracts also showed >70% inhibition activity against acetylcholinesterase and >50% inhibition of tyrosinase and α-glucosidase. Therefore, these species can be seen as potential feedstocks for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanmay Chaturvedi
- AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Niels Bohrs Vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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12
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Ciuca MD, Racovita RC. Curcumin: Overview of Extraction Methods, Health Benefits, and Encapsulation and Delivery Using Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108874. [PMID: 37240220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is the principal curcuminoid found in the rhizomes of turmeric. Due to its therapeutic action against cancer, depression, diabetes, some bacteria, and oxidative stress, it has been used widely in medicine since ancient times. Due to its low solubility, the human organism cannot completely absorb it. Advanced extraction technologies, followed by encapsulation in microemulsion and nanoemulsion systems, are currently being used to improve bioavailability. This review discusses the different methods available for curcumin extraction from plant material, methods for the identification of curcumin in the resulting extracts, its beneficial effects on human health, and the encapsulation techniques into small colloidal systems that have been used over the past decade to deliver this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Ciuca
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu St., District 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu C Racovita
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu St., District 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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13
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Schiavone V, Romasco T, Di Pietrantonio N, Garzoli S, Palmerini C, Di Tomo P, Pipino C, Mandatori D, Fioravanti R, Butturini E, Sabatino M, Baldassarre MPA, Ragno R, Pandolfi A, Di Pietro N. Essential Oils from Mediterranean Plants Inhibit In Vitro Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells from Umbilical Cords of Females with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087225. [PMID: 37108387 PMCID: PMC10138528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are mixtures of volatile compounds belonging to several chemical classes derived from aromatic plants using different distillation techniques. Recent studies suggest that the consumption of Mediterranean plants, such as anise and laurel, contributes to improving the lipid and glycemic profile of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of anise and laurel EOs (AEO and LEO) on endothelial cells isolated from the umbilical cord vein of females with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM-HUVEC), which is a suitable in vitro model to reproduce the pro-inflammatory phenotype of a diabetic endothelium. For this purpose, the Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric (GC-MS) chemical profiles of AEO and LEO were first analyzed. Thus, GDM-HUVEC and related controls (C-HUVEC) were pre-treated for 24 h with AEO and LEO at 0.025% v/v, a concentration chosen among others (cell viability by MTT assay), and then stimulated with TNF-α (1 ng/mL). From the GC-MS analysis, trans-anethole (88.5%) and 1,8-cineole (53.9%) resulted as the major components of AEO and LEO, respectively. The results in C- and GDM-HUVEC showed that the treatment with both EOs significantly reduced: (i) the adhesion of the U937 monocyte to HUVEC; (ii) vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) protein and gene expression; (iii) Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 nuclear translocation. Taken together, these data suggest the anti-inflammatory efficacy of AEO and LEO in our in vitro model and lay the groundwork for further preclinical and clinical studies to study their potential use as supplements to mitigate vascular endothelial dysfunction associated with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Schiavone
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Tea Romasco
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Nadia Di Pietrantonio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Garzoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Carola Palmerini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pamela Di Tomo
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Caterina Pipino
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Domitilla Mandatori
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Elena Butturini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Manuela Sabatino
- Rome Center for Molecular Design-RCMD, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Pompea Antonia Baldassarre
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Rino Ragno
- Rome Center for Molecular Design-RCMD, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Natalia Di Pietro
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology-CAST, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Magalhães D, Vilas-Boas AA, Teixeira P, Pintado M. Functional Ingredients and Additives from Lemon by-Products and Their Applications in Food Preservation: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051095. [PMID: 36900612 PMCID: PMC10001058 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus trees are among the most abundant fruit trees in the world, with an annual production of around 124 million tonnes. Lemons and limes are among the most significant contributors, producing nearly 16 million tonnes per year. The processing and consumption of citrus fruits generates a significant amount of waste, including peels, pulp, seeds, and pomace, which represents about 50% of the fresh fruit. Citrus limon (C. limon) by-products are composed of significant amounts of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, carotenoids, vitamins, essential oils, and fibres, which give them nutritional value and health benefits such as antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. These by-products, which are typically discarded as waste in the environment, can be explored to produce new functional ingredients, a desirable approach from a circular economy perspective. The present review systematically summarizes the potential high-biological-value components extracted from by-products to achieve a zero-waste goal, focusing on the recovery of three main fractions: essential oils, phenolic compounds, and dietary fibres, present in C. limon by-products, and their applications in food preservation.
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Assadpour E, Can Karaça A, Fasamanesh M, Mahdavi SA, Shariat-Alavi M, Feng J, Kharazmi MS, Rehman A, Jafari SM. Application of essential oils as natural biopesticides; recent advances. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:6477-6497. [PMID: 36728841 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2170317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for the development of sustainable and eco-friendly pesticide formulations since common synthetic pesticides result in many adverse effects on human health and the environment. Essential oils (EOs) are a mixture of volatile oils produced as a secondary metabolite in medicinal plants, and show activities against pests, insects, and pathogenic fungi. Their chemical composition is affected by several factors such as plant species or cultivar, geographical origin, environmental conditions, agricultural practices, and extraction method. The growing number of studies related to the herbicidal, insecticidal, acaricidal, nematicidal, and antimicrobial effects of EOs demonstrate their effectiveness and suitability as sustainable and environment-friendly biopesticides. EOs can biodegrade into nontoxic compounds; at the same time, their harmful and detrimental effects on non-target organisms are low. However, few biopesticide formulations based on EOs have been turned into commercial practice upto day. Several challenges including the reduced stability and efficiency of EOs under environmental conditions need to be addressed before EOs are widely applied as commercial biopesticides. This work is an overview of the current research on the application of EOs as biopesticides. Findings of recent studies focusing on the challenges related to the use of EOs as biopesticides are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Assadpour
- Food Industry Research Co, Gorgan, Iran
- Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Aslı Can Karaça
- Department Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahdis Fasamanesh
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sahar Akhavan Mahdavi
- Food Industry Research Co, Gorgan, Iran
- Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahya Shariat-Alavi
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Jianguo Feng
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | | | - Abdur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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16
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Politeo O, Popović M, Veršić Bratinčević M, Kovačević K, Urlić B, Generalić Mekinić I. Chemical Profiling of Sea Fennel ( Crithmum maritimum L., Apiaceae) Essential Oils and Their Isolation Residual Waste-Waters. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12010214. [PMID: 36616340 PMCID: PMC9824355 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) is a wild-growing halophyte used in cuisine, traditional medicine or cosmetic products for its beneficial nutritive value and pleasant sensory characteristics. This study aimed to investigate sea fennel essential oils (EOs) from different parts of the plant (flowers, leaves and stems) and the corresponding hydrodistillation by-products (residual water) to validate their potential use and application in different industries. EOs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while the phenolic profile of the residual water was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometric methods. The EO analysis confirmed the presence of 14 compounds, dominated by sabinene (from 42.55 to 51.47%) and limonene (from 36.28 to 43.58%), while among the 12 detected phenolics, chlorogenic acid and its isomers (cryptochlorogenic and neochlorogenic acid) were found in the highest concentrations. Total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents were concentrated in the order flowers > leaves > stems. Although the sea fennel samples showed differences in chemical profiles, overall they were rich in bioactive compounds with relatively high amounts of key compounds with already proved good biological properties, especially in waste-water, indicating great potential for re-use in accordance with green processing technology trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivera Politeo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
- Correspondence: (O.P.); (M.P.); Tel.: +385-21-329437 (O.P.); +385-21-434450 (M.P.)
| | - Marijana Popović
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
- Correspondence: (O.P.); (M.P.); Tel.: +385-21-329437 (O.P.); +385-21-434450 (M.P.)
| | - Maja Veršić Bratinčević
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Kristina Kovačević
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Branimir Urlić
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Generalić Mekinić
- Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
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