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Liu X, Wang T, Ruan Y, Xie X, Tan C, Guo Y, Li B, Qu L, Deng L, Li M, Liu C. Comparative Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis of Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) Cotyledons in Response to Cold Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2212. [PMID: 39204648 PMCID: PMC11360269 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Cold stress affects the seed germination and early growth of winter rapeseed, leading to yield losses. We employed transmission electron microscopy, physiological analyses, metabolome profiling, and transcriptome sequencing to understand the effect of cold stress (0 °C, LW) on the cotyledons of cold-tolerant (GX74) and -sensitive (XY15) rapeseeds. The mesophyll cells in cold-treated XY15 were severely damaged compared to slightly damaged cells in GX74. The fructose, glucose, malondialdehyde, and proline contents increased after cold stress in both genotypes; however, GX74 had significantly higher content than XY15. The pyruvic acid content increased after cold stress in GX74, but decreased in XY15. Metabolome analysis detected 590 compounds, of which 32 and 74 were differentially accumulated in GX74 (CK vs. cold stress) and XY15 (CK vs. cold stressed). Arachidonic acid and magnoflorine were the most up-accumulated metabolites in GX74 subjected to cold stress compared to CK. There were 461 and 1481 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to XY15 and GX74 rapeseeds, respectively. Generally, the commonly expressed genes had higher expressions in GX74 compared to XY15 in CK and cold stress conditions. The expression changes in DEGs related to photosynthesis-antenna proteins, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and sugar biosynthesis-related pathways were consistent with the fructose and glucose levels in cotyledons. Compared to XY15, GX74 showed upregulation of a higher number of genes/transcripts related to arachidonic acid, pyruvic acid, arginine and proline biosynthesis, cell wall changes, reactive oxygen species scavenging, cold-responsive pathways, and phytohormone-related pathways. Taken together, our results provide a detailed overview of the cold stress responses in rapeseed cotyledons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhong Liu
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Tonghua Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Ying Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
| | - Xiang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chengfang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
| | - Yiming Guo
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Bao Li
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Liang Qu
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Lichao Deng
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Mei Li
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Chunlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Hao P, Lin B, Ren Y, Hu H, Lou W, Yi K, Xue B, Huang L, Li X, Hua S. How Antioxidants, Osmoregulation, Genes and Metabolites Regulate the Late Seeding Tolerance of Rapeseeds ( Brassica napus L.) during Wintering. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1915. [PMID: 38001769 PMCID: PMC10669261 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed seeding dates are largely delayed under the rice-rape rotation system, but how rapeseeds adapt to the delayed environment remains unclear. Here, five seeding dates (20 October, 30 October, 10 November, 20 November and 30 November, T1 to T5) were set and the dynamic differences between two late-seeding-tolerant (LST) and two late-seeding-sensitive (LSS) rapeseed cultivars were investigated in a field experiment. The growth was significantly repressed and the foldchange (LST/LSS) of yield increased from 1.50-T1 to 2.64-T5 with the delay in seeding. Both LST cultivars showed higher plant coverage than the LSS cultivars according to visible/hyperspectral imaging and the vegetation index acquired from an unmanned aerial vehicle. Fluorescence imaging, DAB and NBT staining showed that the LSS cultivars suffered more stress damage than the LST cultivars. Antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, APX) and osmoregulation substances (proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein) were decreased with the delay in seeding, while the LST cultivar levels were higher than those of the LSS cultivars. A comparative analysis of transcriptomes and metabolomes showed that 55 pathways involving 123 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 107 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) participated in late seeding tolerance regulation, while 39 pathways involving 60 DEGs and 68 DAMs were related to sensitivity. Levanbiose, α-isopropylmalate, s-ribosyl-L-homocysteine, lauroyl-CoA and argino-succinate were differentially accumulated in both cultivars, while genes including isocitrate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and newgene_7532 were also largely regulated. This study revealed the dynamic regulation mechanisms of rapeseeds on late seeding conditions, which showed considerable potential for the genetic improvement of rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Hao
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (B.X.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Baogang Lin
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (B.X.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Yun Ren
- Huzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Development Center, Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou 313000, China;
| | - Hao Hu
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (H.H.); (W.L.)
| | - Weidong Lou
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (H.H.); (W.L.)
| | - Kaige Yi
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (B.X.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Bowen Xue
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (B.X.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Lan Huang
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (B.X.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Xi Li
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (B.X.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Shuijin Hua
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (P.H.); (B.L.); (K.Y.); (B.X.); (L.H.); (X.L.)
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Kopecká R, Kameniarová M, Černý M, Brzobohatý B, Novák J. Abiotic Stress in Crop Production. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076603. [PMID: 37047573 PMCID: PMC10095105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of agricultural land undergoes abiotic stress that can significantly reduce agricultural yields. Understanding the mechanisms of plant defenses against stresses and putting this knowledge into practice is, therefore, an integral part of sustainable agriculture. In this review, we focus on current findings in plant resistance to four cardinal abiotic stressors—drought, heat, salinity, and low temperatures. Apart from the description of the newly discovered mechanisms of signaling and resistance to abiotic stress, this review also focuses on the importance of primary and secondary metabolites, including carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolics, and phytohormones. A meta-analysis of transcriptomic studies concerning the model plant Arabidopsis demonstrates the long-observed phenomenon that abiotic stressors induce different signals and effects at the level of gene expression, but genes whose regulation is similar under most stressors can still be traced. The analysis further reveals the transcriptional modulation of Golgi-targeted proteins in response to heat stress. Our analysis also highlights several genes that are similarly regulated under all stress conditions. These genes support the central role of phytohormones in the abiotic stress response, and the importance of some of these in plant resistance has not yet been studied. Finally, this review provides information about the response to abiotic stress in major European crop plants—wheat, sugar beet, maize, potatoes, barley, sunflowers, grapes, rapeseed, tomatoes, and apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Kopecká
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kameniarová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Černý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Břetislav Brzobohatý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novák
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
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