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Gonçalves AC, Alves R, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB. Advancements in Biomarkers and Molecular Targets in Hematological Neoplasias. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6570. [PMID: 38928276 PMCID: PMC11203996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematological neoplasias are among the most common cancers worldwide, and the number of new cases has been on the rise since 1990, reaching 1 [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.B.S.-R.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Alves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.B.S.-R.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.B.S.-R.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Hematology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
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Bernardi S, Mulas O, Mutti S, Costa A, Russo D, La Nasa G. Extracellular vesicles in the Chronic Myeloid Leukemia scenario: an update about the shuttling of disease markers and therapeutic molecules. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1239042. [PMID: 38260856 PMCID: PMC10800789 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1239042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are various sets of cell-derived membranous structures containing lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins secreted by both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. It is now well recognized that EVs are key intercellular communication mediators, allowing the functional transfer of bioactive chemicals from one cell to another in both healthy and pathological pathways. It is evident that the condition of the producer cells heavily influences the composition of EVs. Hence, phenotypic changes in the parent cells are mirrored in the design of the secreted EVs. As a result, EVs have been investigated for a wide range of medicinal and diagnostic uses in different hematological diseases. EVs have only recently been studied in the context of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), a blood malignancy defined by the chromosomal rearrangement t(9;22) and the fusion gene BCR-ABL1. The findings range from the impact on pathogenesis to the possible use of EVs as medicinal chemical carriers. This review aims to provide for the first time an update on our understanding of EVs as carriers of CML biomarkers for minimal residual disease monitoring, therapy response, and its management, as well as the limited reports on the use of EVs as therapeutic shuttles for innovative treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Bernardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Unit of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Lab CREA (Centro di Ricerca Emato-oncologica Associazione italiana contro le leucemie, linfomi e mieloma-AIL), ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Olga Mulas
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Hematology Unit, Businco Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Mutti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Unit of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Lab CREA (Centro di Ricerca Emato-oncologica Associazione italiana contro le leucemie, linfomi e mieloma-AIL), ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Costa
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Hematology Unit, Businco Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Domenico Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Unit of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio La Nasa
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Hematology Unit, Businco Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
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Guan L, Su W, Zhong J, Qiu L. M-protein detection by mass spectrometry for minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117623. [PMID: 37924928 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulins (M proteins). Routine screening methods for M proteins to assess prognosis are unable to detect low levels of M proteins produced by residual tumor cells, ie, minimal residual disease (MRD). Assessment of MRD can be conducted by examining residual tumor cells in bone marrow or circulating M proteins. Advances in mass spectrometry have enabled reliable and highly sensitive detection of low abundance serum biomarkers making it a viable and significantly less invasive approach. Mass spectrometry can achieve dynamic monitoring of MRD and identify therapeutic monoclonal antibodies as well as oligoclonal proteins. In this review we summarize mass spectrometry methods in M protein detection and their applications of MRD detection in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Guan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China.
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Van Morckhoven D, Dubois N, Bron D, Meuleman N, Lagneaux L, Stamatopoulos B. Extracellular vesicles in hematological malignancies: EV-dence for reshaping the tumoral microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1265969. [PMID: 37822925 PMCID: PMC10562589 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Following their discovery at the end of the 20th century, extracellular vesicles (EVs) ranging from 50-1,000 nm have proven to be paramount in the progression of many cancers, including hematological malignancies. EVs are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures that include small EVs (commonly called exosomes) and large EVs (microparticles). They have been demonstrated to participate in multiple physiological and pathological processes by allowing exchange of biological material (including among others proteins, DNA and RNA) between cells. They are therefore a crucial way of intercellular communication. In this context, malignant cells can release these extracellular vesicles that can influence their microenvironment, induce the formation of a tumorigenic niche, and prepare and establish distant niches facilitating metastasis by significantly impacting the phenotypes of surrounding cells and turning them toward supportive roles. In addition, EVs are also able to manipulate the immune response and to establish an immunosuppressive microenvironment. This in turn allows for ideal conditions for heightened chemoresistance and increased disease burden. Here, we review the latest findings and reports studying the effects and therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles in various hematological malignancies. The study of extracellular vesicles remains in its infancy; however, rapid advances in the analysis of these vesicles in the context of disease allow us to envision prospects to improve the detection and treatment of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Van Morckhoven
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathan Dubois
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Departement of Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Departement of Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Basile Stamatopoulos
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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