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Zhu J, Li M, Li J, Wu J. Sialic acid metabolism of oral bacteria and its potential role in colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Carbohydr Res 2024; 541:109172. [PMID: 38823062 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Sialic acid metabolism in oral bacteria is a complex process involving nutrient acquisition, immune evasion, cell surface modification, and the production of metabolites that contribute to bacterial persistence and virulence in the oral cavity. In addition to causing various periodontal diseases, certain oral pathogenic bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, can induce inflammatory reactions and influence the immunity of host cells. These associations with host cells are linked to various diseases, particularly colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Sialic acid can be found in the host oral mucosa, saliva, or food residues in the oral cavity, and it may promote the colonization of oral bacteria and contribute to disease development. This review aims to summarize the role of sialic acid metabolism in oral bacteria and discuss its effect on the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jinfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jianrong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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2
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Wang X, Chen L, Teng Y, Xie W, Huang L, Wu J, Wang H, Xie S. Effect of three oral pathogens on the TMA-TMAO metabolic pathway. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1413787. [PMID: 38836053 PMCID: PMC11148326 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1413787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is produced by hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) from trimethylamine (TMA). High TMAO level is a biomarker of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders, and it also affects periodontitis through interactions with the gastrointestinal microbiome. While recent findings indicate that periodontitis may alter systemic TMAO levels, the specific mechanisms linking these changes and particular oral pathogens require further clarification. Methods In this study, we established a C57BL/6J male mouse model by orally administering Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis, Pg), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum, Fn), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans, Sm) and PBS was used as a control. We conducted LC-MS/MS analysis to quantify the concentrations of TMAO and its precursors in the plasma and cecal contents of mice. The diversity and composition of the gut microbiome were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. TMAO-related lipid metabolism and enzymes in the intestines and liver were assessed by qPCR and ELISA methods. We further explored the effect of Pg on FMO3 expression and lipid molecules in HepG2 cells by stimulating the cells with Pg-LPS in vitro. Results The three oral pathogenic bacteria were orally administered to the mice for 5 weeks. The Pg group showed a marked increase in plasma TMAO, betaine, and creatinine levels, whereas no significant differences were observed in the gut TMAO level among the four groups. Further analysis showed similar diversity and composition in the gut microbiomes of both the Pg and Fn groups, which were different from the Sm and control groups. The profiles of TMA-TMAO pathway-related genera and gut enzymes were not significantly different among all groups. The Pg group showed significantly higher liver FMO3 levels and elevated lipid factors (IL-6, TG, TC, and NEFA) in contrast to the other groups. In vitro experiments confirmed that stimulation of HepG2 cells with Pg-LPS upregulated the expression of FMO3 and increased the lipid factors TC, TG, and IL-6. Conclusion This study conclusively demonstrates that Pg, compared to Fn and Sm, plays a critical role in elevating plasma TMAO levels and significantly influences the TMA-TMAO pathway, primarily by modulating the expression of hepatic FMO3 and directly impacting hepatic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixuan Wang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyuan Chen
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Teng
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weige Xie
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyan Huang
- Nantong Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sijing Xie
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Wang Y, Ren J, Ren S. Larsucosterol: endogenous epigenetic regulator for treating chronic and acute liver diseases. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E577-E587. [PMID: 38381400 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00406.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Larsucosterol, a potent endogenous epigenetic regulator, has been reported to play a significant role in lipid metabolism, inflammatory responses, and cell survival. The administration of larsucosterol has demonstrated a reduction in lipid accumulation within hepatocytes and the attenuation of inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and TNFα in macrophages, alleviating LPS- and acetaminophen (ATMP)-induced multiple organ injury, and decreasing mortalities in animal models. Results from phase 1 and 2 clinical trials have shown that larsucosterol has potential as a biomedicine for the treatment of acute and chronic liver diseases. Recent evidence suggests that larsucosterol is a promising candidate for treating alcohol-associated hepatitis with positive results from a phase 2a clinical trial, and for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) from a phase 1b clinical trial. In this review, we present a culmination of our recent research efforts spanning two decades. We summarize the discovery, physiological and pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical applications of larsucosterol. Furthermore, we elucidate the pathophysiological pathways of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseases (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and acute liver injuries. A central focus of the review is the exploration of the therapeutic potential of larsucosterol in treating life-threatening conditions, including acetaminophen overdose, endotoxin shock, MASLD, MASH, hepatectomy, and alcoholic hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
- McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Jenna Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Shunlin Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
- McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, United States
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Yang J, Luo J, Tian X, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wu X. Progress in Understanding Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Aging-Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:394. [PMID: 38671842 PMCID: PMC11047596 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Under normal physiological conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced through redox reactions as byproducts of respiratory and metabolic activities. However, due to various endogenous and exogenous factors, the body may produce excessive ROS, which leads to oxidative stress (OS). Numerous studies have shown that OS causes a variety of pathological changes in cells, including mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, telomere shortening, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidative modification, all of which can trigger apoptosis and senescence. OS also induces a variety of aging-related diseases, such as retinal disease, neurodegenerative disease, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, ovarian disease, and prostate disease. In this review, we aim to introduce the multiple internal and external triggers that mediate ROS levels in rodents and humans as well as the relationship between OS, aging, and aging-related diseases. Finally, we present a statistical analysis of effective antioxidant measures currently being developed and applied in the field of aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Yang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (J.Y.); (J.L.); (X.T.)
| | - Juyue Luo
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (J.Y.); (J.L.); (X.T.)
| | - Xutong Tian
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (J.Y.); (J.L.); (X.T.)
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China;
| | - Yumeng Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China;
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (J.Y.); (J.L.); (X.T.)
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China;
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Verma A, Azhar G, Patyal P, Zhang W, Zhang X, Wei JY. Proteomic analysis of P. gingivalis-Lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in SH-SY5Y and HMC3 cells. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01117-z. [PMID: 38507186 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis and its keystone pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis, have increasingly been linked with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, P.gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediated release of neuroinflammatory proteins contributes to AD remains underexplored. In this study, we utilized data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry to characterize P.gingivalis-LPS induced profile of differentially expressed proteins associated with the neuroinflammatory response in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and human microglial (HMC3) cells. We reported a set of 124 proteins in SH-SY5Y cells and 96 proteins in HMC3 cells whose levels were significantly upregulated or downregulated by exposure to P. gingivalis-LPS. Our findings demonstrate that P. gingivalis-LPS contributed to the elevated expressions of dementia biomarkers and pro-inflammatory cytokines that include APP, Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, T-Tau, p-Tau, VEGF, TGF-β, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α through 2 distinct pathways of extracellular sensing by cell surface receptors and intracellular cytosolic receptors. Interestingly, intracellular signaling proteins activated with P. gingivalis-LPS transfection using Lipofectamine™ 2000 had significantly higher fold change protein expression compared to the extracellular signaling with P. gingivalis-LPS treatment. Additionally, we also explored P. gingivalis-LPS mediated activation of caspase-4 dependent non canonical inflammasome pathway in both SH-SY5Y and HMC3 cells. In summary, P. gingivalis-LPS induced neuroinflammatory protein expression in SH-SY5Y and HMC3 cells, provided insights into the specific inflammatory pathways underlying the potential link between P. gingivalis-LPS infection and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Verma
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Gohar Azhar
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Pankaj Patyal
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Jeanne Y Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute On Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
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Zuo RK, Wang C, Yu ZY, Shi HM, Song XK, Zhou SD, Ma NN, Chang GJ, Shen XZ. A high concentrate diet inhibits forkhead box protein A2 expression, and induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial unfolded protein response in the liver of dairy cows. Microb Pathog 2024; 188:106570. [PMID: 38341108 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
High-concentrate diet induce subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and cause liver damage in ruminants. It has been reported that forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2) can enhance mitochondrial membrane potential but its function in mitochondrial dysfunction induced by high concentrate diets is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of high-concentrate (HC) diet on hepatic FOXA2 expression, mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. A total of 12 healthy mid-lactation Holstein cows were selected and randomized into 2 groups: the low concentrate (LC) diet group (concentrate:forage = 4:6) and HC diet group (concentrate:forage = 6:4). The trial lasted 21 d. The rumen fluid, blood and liver tissue were collected at the end of the experiment. The results showed that the rumen fluid pH level was reduced in the HC group and the pH was lower than 5.6 for more than 4 h/d, indicating that feeding HC diets successfully induced SARA in dairy cows. Both FOXA2 mRNA and protein abundance were significantly reduced in the liver of the HC group compared with the LC group. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, G6PDH, T-SOD, Cu/Zn SOD, Mn SOD) and mtDNA copy number in the liver tissue of the HC group decreased, while the level of H2O2 significantly increased, this increase was accompanied by a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The balance of mitochondrial division and fusion was disrupted in the HC group, as evidenced by the decreased mRNA level of OPA1, MFN1, and MFN2 and increased mRNA level of Drp1, Fis1, and MFF. At the same time, HC diet downregulated the expression level of SIRT1, SIRT3, PGC-1α, TFAM, and Nrf 1 to inhibit mitochondrial biogenesis. The HC group induced UPRmt in liver tissue by upregulating the mRNA and protein levels of CLPP, LONP1, CHOP, Hsp10, and Hsp60. In addition, HC diet could increase the protein abundance of Bax, CytoC, Caspase 3 and Cleaved-Caspase 3, while decrease the protein abundance of Bcl-2 and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Overall, our study suggests that the decreased expression of FOXA2 may be related to UPRmt, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the liver of dairy cows fed a high concentrate diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Kun Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Can Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhi Yuan Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui Min Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao Kun Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shen Dong Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Na Na Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guang Jun Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiang Zhen Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Patyal P, Zhang X, Verma A, Azhar G, Wei JY. Inhibitors of Rho/MRTF/SRF Transcription Pathway Regulate Mitochondrial Function. Cells 2024; 13:392. [PMID: 38474356 PMCID: PMC10931493 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
RhoA-regulated gene transcription by serum response factor (SRF) and its transcriptional cofactor myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs) signaling pathway has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for pharmacological intervention in multiple diseases. Altered mitochondrial metabolism is one of the major hallmarks of cancer, therefore, this upregulation is a vulnerability that can be targeted with Rho/MRTF/SRF inhibitors. Recent advances identified a novel series of oxadiazole-thioether compounds that disrupt the SRF transcription, however, the direct molecular target of these compounds is unclear. Herein, we demonstrate the Rho/MRTF/SRF inhibition mechanism of CCG-203971 and CCG-232601 in normal cell lines of human lung fibroblasts and mouse myoblasts. Further studies investigated the role of these molecules in targeting mitochondrial function. We have shown that these molecules hyperacetylate histone H4K12 and H4K16 and regulate the genes involved in mitochondrial function and dynamics. These small molecule inhibitors regulate mitochondrial function as a compensatory mechanism by repressing oxidative phosphorylation and increasing glycolysis. Our data suggest that these CCG molecules are effective in inhibiting all the complexes of mitochondrial electron transport chains and further inducing oxidative stress. Therefore, our present findings highlight the therapeutic potential of CCG-203971 and CCG-232601, which may prove to be a promising approach to target aberrant bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jeanne Y. Wei
- Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatrics and Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (P.P.); (X.Z.); (A.V.); (G.A.)
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Sharma S, Zhang X, Azhar G, Patyal P, Verma A, KC G, Wei JY. Valine improves mitochondrial function and protects against oxidative stress. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:168-176. [PMID: 38093456 PMCID: PMC10807754 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Among the branched-chain amino acids, leucine and isoleucine have been well studied for their roles in improving mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress. However, role of valine in mitochondrial function regulation and oxidative stress management remains elusive. This study investigated valine effect on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in vitro. Valine increased expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. It upregulates mitochondrial function at complexes I, II, and IV levels of electron transport chain. Flow cytometry studies revealed, valine reduced oxidative stress by significantly lowering mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and protein expression of 4-hydroxynonenal. Functional role of valine against oxidative stress was analyzed by XFe96 Analyzer. Valine sustained oxidative phosphorylation and improved ATP generation rates during oxidative stress. In conclusion, our findings shed more light on the critical function of valine in protecting mitochondrial function thereby preventing mitochondrial/cellular damage induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakshi Sharma
- Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatrics, Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatrics, Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Gohar Azhar
- Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatrics, Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Pankaj Patyal
- Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatrics, Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ambika Verma
- Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatrics, Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Grishma KC
- Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatrics, Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jeanne Y Wei
- Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatrics, Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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Deng Y, Xiao J, Ma L, Wang C, Wang X, Huang X, Cao Z. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Periodontitis and Associated Systemic Diseases: Implications for Pathomechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1024. [PMID: 38256098 PMCID: PMC10816612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disorder damaging periodontal tissues, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. It arises from the complex interplay between pathogenic oral bacteria and host immune response. Contrary to the previous view of "energy factories", mitochondria have recently been recognized as semi-autonomous organelles that fine-tune cell survival, death, metabolism, and other functions. Under physiological conditions, periodontal tissue cells participate in dynamic processes, including differentiation, mineralization, and regeneration. These fundamental activities depend on properly functioning mitochondria, which play a crucial role through bioenergetics, dynamics, mitophagy, and quality control. However, during the initiation and progression of periodontitis, mitochondrial quality control is compromised due to a range of challenges, such as bacterial-host interactions, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Currently, mounting evidence suggests that mitochondria dysfunction serves as a common pathological mechanism linking periodontitis with systemic conditions like type II diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, targeting mitochondria to intervene in periodontitis and multiple associated systemic diseases holds great therapeutic potential. This review provides advanced insights into the interplay between mitochondria, periodontitis, and associated systemic diseases. Moreover, we emphasize the significance of diverse therapeutic modulators and signaling pathways that regulate mitochondrial function in periodontal and systemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Junhong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Dong Z, Wu L, Hong H. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Oral Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15483. [PMID: 37895162 PMCID: PMC10607498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral inflammatory diseases (OIDs) include many common diseases such as periodontitis and pulpitis. The causes of OIDs consist microorganism, trauma, occlusal factors, autoimmune dis-eases and radiation therapy. When treated unproperly, such diseases not only affect oral health but also pose threat to people's overall health condition. Therefore, identifying OIDs at an early stage and exploring new therapeutic strategies are important tasks for oral-related research. Mitochondria are crucial organelles for many cellular activities and disruptions of mitochondrial function not only affect cellular metabolism but also indirectly influence people's health and life span. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in many common polygenic diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the development and progression of OIDs and its associated systemic diseases. In this review, we elucidated the critical insights into mitochondrial dysfunction and its involvement in the inflammatory responses in OIDs. We also summarized recent research progresses on the treatment of OIDs targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and discussed the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Dong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Z.D.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Liping Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Z.D.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Hong Hong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Z.D.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
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Millán Solano MV, Salinas Lara C, Sánchez-Garibay C, Soto-Rojas LO, Escobedo-Ávila I, Tena-Suck ML, Ortíz-Butrón R, Choreño-Parra JA, Romero-López JP, Meléndez Camargo ME. Effect of Systemic Inflammation in the CNS: A Silent History of Neuronal Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11902. [PMID: 37569277 PMCID: PMC10419139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) infections including meningitis and encephalitis, resulting from the blood-borne spread of specific microorganisms, provoke nervous tissue damage due to the inflammatory process. Moreover, different pathologies such as sepsis can generate systemic inflammation. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces the release of inflammatory mediators and damage molecules, which are then released into the bloodstream and can interact with structures such as the CNS, thus modifying the blood-brain barrier's (BBB´s) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier´s (BCSFB´s) function and inducing aseptic neuroinflammation. During neuroinflammation, the participation of glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes) plays an important role. They release cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species, nitrogen species, peptides, and even excitatory amino acids that lead to neuronal damage. The neurons undergo morphological and functional changes that could initiate functional alterations to neurodegenerative processes. The present work aims to explain these processes and the pathophysiological interactions involved in CNS damage in the absence of microbes or inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Verónica Millán Solano
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.V.M.S.); (C.S.-G.); (L.O.S.-R.); (I.E.-Á.); (J.P.R.-L.)
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cos’ıo Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Citlaltepetl Salinas Lara
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.V.M.S.); (C.S.-G.); (L.O.S.-R.); (I.E.-Á.); (J.P.R.-L.)
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico;
| | - Carlos Sánchez-Garibay
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.V.M.S.); (C.S.-G.); (L.O.S.-R.); (I.E.-Á.); (J.P.R.-L.)
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico;
| | - Luis O. Soto-Rojas
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.V.M.S.); (C.S.-G.); (L.O.S.-R.); (I.E.-Á.); (J.P.R.-L.)
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Itzel Escobedo-Ávila
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.V.M.S.); (C.S.-G.); (L.O.S.-R.); (I.E.-Á.); (J.P.R.-L.)
- Departamento de Neurodesarrollo y Fisiología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Martha Lilia Tena-Suck
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico;
| | - Rocío Ortíz-Butrón
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Fisiología de ENCB, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico;
| | - José Alberto Choreño-Parra
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cos’ıo Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - José Pablo Romero-López
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (M.V.M.S.); (C.S.-G.); (L.O.S.-R.); (I.E.-Á.); (J.P.R.-L.)
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - María Estela Meléndez Camargo
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Manuel Luis Stampa S/N, U.P. Adolfo López Mateos, Mexico City 07738, Mexico;
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Minne X, Mbuya Malaïka Mutombo J, Chandad F, Fanganiello RD, Houde VP. Porphyromonas gingivalis under palmitate-induced obesogenic microenvironment modulates the inflammatory transcriptional signature of macrophage-like cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288009. [PMID: 37384642 PMCID: PMC10309636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases and low-grade chronic inflammation are interconnected: obese persons are at higher risk of developing periodontitis. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of periodontitis in an obesogenic microenvironment in response to periodontopathogens are still lacking. This study aims to investigate the combined effects of palmitate and Porphyromonas gingivalis on the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and on transcriptional landscape modifications in macrophage-like cells. U937 macrophage-like cells were treated with palmitate and stimulated with P. gingivalis for 24h. Cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 were measured by ELISA in the culture medium and cell extracted RNA was submitted to a microarray analysis followed by Gene Ontology analyses. P. gingivalis, in presence of palmitate, potentiated IL-1β and TNF-α secretion in comparison to palmitate alone. Gene Ontology analyses also revealed that the combination palmitate-P. gingivalis potentiated the number of gene molecular functions implicated in the regulation of immune and inflammatory pathways compared to macrophages treated with palmitate alone. Our results provide the first comprehensive mapping of gene interconnections between palmitate and P. gingivalis during inflammatory responses in macrophage-like cells. These data highlight the importance of considering systemic conditions, specifically obesogenic microenvironment, in the management of periodontal disease in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Minne
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Ecology Research Group (GREB), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Fatiha Chandad
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Ecology Research Group (GREB), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roberto D. Fanganiello
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Ecology Research Group (GREB), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vanessa P. Houde
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Ecology Research Group (GREB), Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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